Cnephasia

Cnephasia
Adult Flax Tortrix (C. asseclana) at Commanster (Belgian Ardennes)
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Insecta
Order:	Lepidoptera
Division:	Ditrysia
Family:	Tortricidae
Subfamily:	Tortricinae
Tribe:	Cnephasiini
Genus:	Cnephasia Curtis, 1826
Type species
"Tortrix logiana" sensu Haworth, [1811] (see text)
Diversity
70 species
Synonyms
Numerous, see text

Cnephasia is a genus of tortrix moths (family Tortricidae). It belongs to the subfamily Tortricinae and therein to the tribe Cnephasiini, of which it is the type genus.^[1]

Taxonomy and systematics

The type species around which Cnephasia was established by J. Curtis in 1826 (in the explanations to plate 100 of his British Entomology) was claimed to be "Tortrix logiana". However, this was a misidentification; the name of T. logiana (described by C.A. Clerck in 1759 and nowadays called Acleris logiana) was until the early 20th century frequently applied to related species in error.^[2]

Curtis simply repeated the mistake of A.H. Haworth, who had in his 1811 volume of Lepidoptera Britannica discussed a Cnephasia under Clerck's name, but the original misidentification may well go back to Linnaeus' treatment of "T. logiana" in Systema naturae. Eventually, this was resolved, and the type species of Cnephasia was determined to be the tortrix moth described as Olethreutes pasiuana by J. Hübner in 1822.^[3]

Species

The 70 currently recognized species of Cnephasia are:^[4]

Cnephasia abrasana (Duponchel in Godart, 1842) Cnephasia albatana Chrétien, 1915 Cnephasia alfacarana Razowski, 1958 Cnephasia alticola Kuznetzov, 1966 Cnephasia alticolana Cnephasia amseli (Lucas, 1942) Cnephasia asiatica Kuznetzov, 1956 Cnephasia asseclana – Flax Tortrix Cnephasia bizensis Réal, 1953 Cnephasia chrysantheana (Duponchel in Godart, 1842) Cnephasia communana Cnephasia conspersana Douglas, 1846 Cnephasia constantinana Razowski, 1958 Cnephasia cupressivorana (Staudinger, 1871) Cnephasia daedalea Razowski, 1983 Cnephasia disforma Razowski, 1983 Cnephasia disparana Kuznetzov in Danilevsky, Kuznetsov & Falkovitsh, 1962 Cnephasia divisana Razowski, 1959 Cnephasia ecullyana Réal, 1951 Cnephasia etnana Razowski & Trematerra, 1999 Cnephasia facetana Kennel, 1901 Cnephasia fiorii Razowski, 1958 Cnephasia fragosana (Zeller, 1847) Cnephasia fulturata Rebel, 1940 Cnephasia genitalana Pierce & Metcalfe, 1915 Cnephasia graecana Rebel, 1902 Cnephasia grandis (Osthelder, 1938) Cnephasia gueneana (Duponchel in Godart, 1836) Cnephasia heinemanni Obraztsov, 1957 Cnephasia hellenica Obraztsov, 1956 Cnephasia heringi Razowski, 1958 Cnephasia hunzorum Diakonoff, 1971 Cnephasia incertana – Light Grey Tortrix Cnephasia jozefi Razowski, 1961 Cnephasia kasyi Razowski, 1971 Cnephasia kenneli Obraztsov, 1956

Cnephasia klimeschi Razowski, 1958 Cnephasia korvaci Razowski, 1965 Cnephasia laetana (Staudinger, 1871) Cnephasia lineata (Walsingham, 1900) Cnephasia longana (Haworth, [1811]) Cnephasia margelanensis Razowski, 1958 Cnephasia microstrigana Razowski, 1958 Cnephasia minutula Falkovitsh[verification needed] in Danilevsky, Kuznetsov & Falkovitsh, 1962 Cnephasia nesiotica Razowski, 1983 Cnephasia nigripunctana Amsel, 1959 Cnephasia nigrofasciana (Bruand, 1850) Cnephasia nowickii Razowski, 1958 Cnephasia orientana (Alpheraky, 1877) Cnephasia oxyacanthana (Herrich-Schäffer, 1851) Cnephasia parnassicola Razowski, 1958 Cnephasia pasiuana (Hübner, 1799) Cnephasia personatana Kennel, 1901 Cnephasia regifica Razowski, 1971 Cnephasia sedana (Constant, 1884) Cnephasia semibrunneata (Joannis, 1891) Cnephasia stachi Razowski, 1958 Cnephasia stephensiana – Grey Tortrix Cnephasia tianshanica Filipjev, 1934 Cnephasia tofina Meyrick, 1922 Cnephasia tremewani Razowski, 1961 Cnephasia tripolitana Razowski, 1958 Cnephasia tristrami (Walsingham, 1900) Cnephasia ussurica Filipjev, 1962 Cnephasia venusta Razowski, 1971 Cnephasia virginana (Kennel, 1899) Cnephasia wimmeri Arenberger, 1998 Cnephasia zangheriana Trematerra, 1991 Cnephasia zelleri (Christoph, 1877) Cnephasia zernyi Razowski, 1959

"Cnephasia" jactatana does not seem to belong in this genus.^[4]

Synonyms

Obsolete scientific names for Cnephasia are:^[5]

• Anoplocnephasia Réal, 1953
• Brachycnephasia Réal, 1953
• Chephasia (lapsus)
• Cnephasianella (lapsus)
• Cnephasiella Adamczewski, 1936
• Cnephosia (lapsus)
• Hypostephanuncia Réal, 1951
• Hypostephanuntia (lapsus)
• Sciaphila Treitschke in Ochsenheimer, 1829

Hypostephanuncia is sometimes listed as a junior synonym of the closely related genus Eana, but its type species is C. ecullyana. Whether the monotypic Sphaleroptera is a distinct and valid genus or merely a specialized offshoot of Cnephasia is not yet resolved; some authors include it here, while others don't.^[6]

Footnotes

1. ^ Baixeras et al. (2009a)
2. ^ Curtis, [1826], Baixeras et al. (2009a), and see references in Savela (2010)
3. ^ Curtis, [1826], Razowski (1998): 243
4. ^ ^{a b} Baixeras et al. (2009b)
5. ^ Baixeras et al. (2009a), and see references in Savela (2005a)
6. ^ Baixeras et al. (2009a), and see references in Savela (2005a,b)

References

• Baixeras, J.; Brown, J.W. & Gilligan, T.M. (2009a): Online World Catalogue of the Tortricidae – Cnephasia genus account. Version 1.3.1. Retrieved 2009-JAN-20.
• Baixeras, J.; Brown, J.W. & Gilligan, T.M. (2009b): Online World Catalogue of the Tortricidae – Cnephasia species list. Version 1.3.1. Retrieved 2009-JAN-20.
• Curtis, John [1826]: [Genus Cnephasia]. In: British Entomology, being illustrations and descriptions of the genera of insects found in Great Britain and Ireland, etc. 6(100): 1-2. E. Ellis & Co., London. Fulltext at the Internet Archive
• Razowski, Józef (1998): The genera of Tortricidae. Part III. Nearctic Chlidanotinae and Tortricidae. Acta Zoologica Cracoviensia 41(2): 227-281. Fulltext at Google Books
• Savela, Markku (2005a): Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and some other life forms – Cnephasia. Version of 2005-SEP-14. Retrieved 2010-APR-14.
• Savela, Markku (2005b): Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and some other life forms – Eana. Version of 2005-SEP-14. Retrieved 2010-APR-14.
• Savela, Markku (2010): Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and some other life forms – Acleris logiana. Version of 2010-FEB-19. Retrieved 2010-APR-14.