Annie Leibovitz

Infobox Artist
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name = Annie Leibovitz


imagesize =
caption = October 89
birthname = Anna-Lou Leibovitz
birthdate = birth date and age|1949|10|2
location = Waterbury, Connecticut, United States
deathdate =
deathplace =
nationality = United States
field =
training = San Francisco Art Institute
movement =
works =
patrons =
influenced by = mother, a modern dance instructor
influenced =
awards =

Anna-Lou "Annie" Leibovitz (IPAEng|ˈliːbəvɪts) (born October 2, 1949) is an American portrait photographer whose style is marked by a close collaboration between the photographer and the subject.

Early life and education

Born in Waterbury, Connecticut, Leibovitz is Jewish. The third of six children, her mother was a modern dance instructor, while her father was a lieutenant colonel in the United States Air Force. The family moved frequently with her father's duty assignments, and she took her first pictures when he was stationed in the Philippines. [citeweb|url=http://observer.guardian.co.uk/review/story/0,,2251302,00.html|title=How I shot my sister Annie ...|author=Cooke, Rachel|publisher=The Observer|date=2008-02-03|accessdate=2008-06-10]

In high school, she became interested in various artistic endeavours, and began to write and play music. She attended the San Francisco Art Institute. She became interested in photography after taking pictures during her time in the Philippines as an Air Force brat where her father was assigned at the time of the Vietnam War. For several years, she continued to develop her photography skills while she worked various jobs, including a stint on a kibbutz in Israel for several months in 1969.cite web | author= | title=Annie Leibovitz Biography | url=http://www.bookrags.com/biography/annie-leibovitz | publisher=bookrags | date= | accessdate=2007-07-19]

Career

"Rolling Stone" magazine

When Leibovitz returned to America in 1970, she worked for the recently-launched "Rolling Stone" magazine. In 1973, publisher Jann Wenner named Leibovitz chief photographer of "Rolling Stone". Leibovitz worked for the magazine until 1983, and her intimate photographs of celebrities helped define the "Rolling Stone" look.

In 1975, Leibovitz served as a concert-tour photographer for The Rolling Stones' Tour of the Americas.

"Vanity Fair" magazine

Since 1983, Leibovitz has worked as a featured portrait photographer for "Vanity Fair".

Leibovitz sued Paramount Pictures for copyright infringement of her "Vanity Fair" cover photograph of a pregnant Demi Moore from a 1991 issue titled "More Demi Moore." Paramount had commissioned a parody photograph of Leslie Nielsen, pregnant, for use in a promotional poster for the 1994 comedy "". The case, "Leibovitz v. Paramount Pictures Corp." ["Leibovitz v. Paramount Pictures Corp.", 137 F.3d 109 (2d Cir. 1998).] , has become an important fair use case in U.S. copyright law. At trial, the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York found that Paramount's use of the photo constituted fair use because parodies were likely to generate little or no licensing revenue. On appeal, the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit affirmed.

Lennon and Ono

On December 8, 1980, Leibovitz had a photo shoot with John Lennon for "Rolling Stone", promising him he would make the cover.cite web |date=12/8/2005| url = http://www.buzzle.com/editorials/12-8-2005-83469.asp| title = Hours After This Picture Was Taken John Lennon Was Dead| format = HTML | publisher = Guardian Unlimited| accessdate = 2007-07-26 | last= ] After she had initially tried to get a picture with just Lennon alone (she would recall that, "nobody wanted [Ono] on the cover."cite web |date=2007 | url = http://www.famouspictures.org/mag/index.php?title=John_Lennon| title = Naked Lennon| format = HTML | publisher = Famous Pictures Magazine| accessdate = 2007-07-26 | last=Lucas, Dean ] ), Lennon insisted that both he and Yoko Ono be on the cover. Leibovitz then tried to recreate the kissing scene from the "Double Fantasy" album cover, a picture that she loved. "What is interesting is she said she'd take her top off and I said, 'Leave everything on'...not really preconceiving the picture at all. Then he curled up next to her and it was very, very strong. You couldn't help but feel that she was cold and he looked like he was clinging on to hercite web |date=2007 | url = http://www.rollingstone.com/news/coverstory/1000thphotographers/11/john_lennon_and_yoko_ono| title = Issue #335 (Jan. 22, 1981)| format = Audio | publisher = The Rolling Stone magazine| accessdate = 2007-07-26 | last=The Rolling Stone magazine] ... I shot some test Polaroids first and when I showed them to John and Yoko, John said, 'You've captured our relationship exactly. Promise me it'll be on the cover.' I looked him in the eye and we shook on it." She was the last person to professionally photograph Lennon — he was shot and killed five hours later.

Other noted projects

*In the 1980s, Leibovitz photographed celebrities for an international advertising campaign for American Express charge cards.
*In 1991, Leibovitz mounted an exhibit at the National Portrait Gallery.
*Also in 1991, Leibovitz emulated Margaret Bourke-White's feat, when she mounted one of the eagle gargoyles on the 61st floor of the Chrysler Building in Manhattan, where she photographed the dancer David Parsons cavorting on another eagle gargoyle. Noted "Life" photographer and picture editor John Loengard made a gripping photo of Leibovitz at the climax of her danger. (Loengard was photographing Leibovitz for the "New York Times" that day).
*A major retrospective of Leibovitz's work was held at the Brooklyn Museum, [http://www.brooklynmuseum.org/exhibitions/annie_leibovitz/ Oct. 2006 - Jan. 2007] . The retrospective was based on her book, "Annie Leibovitz: A Photographer's Life, 1990 – 2005", and included many of her professional (celebrity) photographs as well as numerous personal photographs of her family, children, and partner Susan Sontag. This show, which was expanded to include three of the official portraits of Queen Elizabeth II, then went on the road for seven stops. It was on display at the Corcoran Gallery of Art in Washington, D.C., from October 2007 to January 2008, and as of April 2008 is at the Palace of the Legion of Honor in San Francisco. The show included 200 photographs. [Associated Press, 21 October 2007, article by Lubna Taknuri] At the exhibition, Leibovitz said that she doesn't have two lives, career and personal, but has one where assignments and personal pictures are all part of her works. This exhibition and her talk focused on her personal photos and life. [citation | title= Artist Walk: Annie Leibovitz | author=Jacquelyn Lewis | publisher=ARTINFO | year=2006 | date= October 19, 2006 | url=http://www.artinfo.com/news/story/22798/artist-walk-annie-leibovitz/ | accessdate=2008-04-16 ] In 2007, Leibovitz was asked by Queen Elizabeth II to take the queen's official picture for her state visit to Virginia. This was filmed for the BBC documentary "A Year with the Queen". A promotional trailer for the film showed the Queen reacting angrily to Leibovitz's suggestion ("less dressy") that she remove her crown, then a scene of the Queen walking down a corridor, telling an aide "I'm not changing anything. I've had enough dressing like this, thank you very much." [cite news | author=Reuters | title=BBC sorry for misrepresenting Queen | url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2007/07/12/1977378.htm | work=ABC News | date=2007-07-12 | accessdate=2007-07-19] The BBC later apologised and admitted that the sequence of events had been misrepresented, as the Queen was in fact walking to the sitting in the second scene. [cite news | author=Associated Press | title=Broadcaster sorry for queen claim | url=http://www.cnn.com/2007/WORLD/europe/07/12/britain.queen/index.html | work=CNN | date=2007-07-12 | accessdate=2007-07-19] This led to a BBC scandal and a shake-up of ethics training. See The Queengate Affair.
*In 2007, the Walt Disney Company hired her to do a series of photographs with celebrities in various roles and scenes for Walt Disney World's "Year of a Million Dreams" campaign. [ [http://www.usatoday.com/travel/disneyads/flash.htm USATODAY Photo Gallery] [ [http://www.usatoday.com/life/people/2007-01-25-disney-ad-campaign_x.htm Disney's dazzling 'Dreams' - USATODAY.com ] ] [ [http://www.notcot.com/archives/2007/01/leibovitz_takes.html NOTCOT: Leibovitz takes on Disney ] ]

On April 25, 2008, the televised entertainment program "Entertainment Tonight" reported that 15 year old Miley Cyrus had posed topless for a photo shoot with "Vanity Fair". [http://www.vanityfair.com/culture/features/2008/06/miley200806 Miley Knows Best, Vanity Fair, June 2008] ] [cite web|url=http://www.news.com.au/dailytelegraph/story/0,22049,23608789-5001026,00.html|title=Miley Cyrus topless controversy|date=2008-04-28|accessdate=2008-04-27|publisher=news.com.au/dailytelegraph/] The photo, and subsequently released behind-the-scenes photos, show Cyrus without a top, her bare back exposed but her front covered with a bedsheet. The photo shoot was taken by photographer Annie Leibovitz. [cite web|url=http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20195785,00.html|title=Miley Cyrus: I'm Sorry for Photos|author=Stephen M. Silverman|date=2008-04-27|accessdate=2008-04-27|publisher=people.com] The full photograph was published with an accompanying story on "The New York Times"' website on April 27, 2008. On April 29 2008, "The New York Times" clarified that though the pictures left an impression that she was bare-breasted, Cyrus was wrapped in a bedsheet and was actually not topless.cite web|url=http://www.nytimes.com/2008/04/28/business/media/28hannah.html|title=A Topless Photo Threatens a Major Disney Franchise|author=Brook Barnes|date=2008-04-28|accessdate=2008-04-29|publisher=nytimes.com] Some parents expressed outrage at the nature of the photograph, which a Disney spokesperson described as "a situation [that] was created to deliberately manipulate a 15-year-old in order to sell magazines."

In response to the internet circulation of the photo and ensuing media attention, Cyrus released a statement of apology on April 27:

“I took part in a photo shoot that was supposed to be ‘artistic’ and now, seeing the photographs and reading the story, I feel so embarrassed. I never intended for any of this to happen and I apologize to my fans who I care so deeply about."

Leibovitz also released a statement saying:

“"I'm sorry that my portrait of Miley has been misinterpreted," Leibovitz said. " The photograph is a simple, classic portrait, shot with very little makeup, and I think it is very beautiful. [http://www.hollywood.com/news/Annie_Leibovitz_Miley_Cyrus_Photos_Were_Misinterpreted/5226536] "

Personal life

Leibovitz had a close romantic relationship with noted writer and essayist Susan Sontag. They met in 1989, when both had already established notability in their careers. Leibovitz has suggested that Sontag mentored her and constructively criticized her work.

After Sontag's death in 2004, "Newsweek" published an article about Leibovitz that made reference to her decade-plus relationship with Sontag, stating that "The two first met in the late '80s, when Leibovitz photographed her for a book jacket. They never lived together, though they each had an apartment within view of the other's." [cite news | author=Cathleen McGuigan | title=Through Her Lens | url=http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/14964292/site/newsweek | work=Newsweek | date=2006-10-02 | accessdate=2007-07-19]

Neither Leibovitz nor Sontag had ever previously publicly disclosed whether the relationship was familial, a friendship, or romantic in nature. However, when Leibovitz was interviewed for her 2006 book "A Photographer's Life: 1990-2005", she said the book told a number of stories, and that "with Susan, it was a love story." [cite news | author=Janny Scott | title=From Annie Leibovitz: Life, and Death, Examined | url=http://www.nytimes.com/2006/10/06/arts/design/06leib.html?pagewanted=3&_r=1 | work=New York Times | date=2006-10-06 | accessdate=2007-07-19]

In the preface to the new book, she speaks in greater detail about her romantic/intellectual relationship with Sontag, briefly discussing a book they were working on together and describes how assembling her new book was part of the grieving process after Sontag's death. The book and accompanying show include many photographs of Sontag throughout their life together, including several on her deathbed.

Leibovitz acknowledged that she and Sontag were romantically involved. When asked why she used terms like "companion" to describe Sontag, instead of more specific ones like "partner" or "lover," Leibovitz finally said that "lover" was fine with her. [cite interview | last=Leibovitz | first=Annie | subject=Annie Leibovitz | interviewer=Tom Ashbrook | url=http://www.onpointradio.org/shows/2006/10/20061017_b_main.asp | format=Audio | program=On Point | callsign=WBUR, NPR | city=Boston | date=17 Oct 2006 | accessdate=2007-07-19] She later repeated the assertion in stating to the "San Francisco Chronicle":"Call us 'lovers'. I like 'lovers.' You know, 'lovers' sounds romantic. I mean, I want to be perfectly clear. I love Susan."cite news | author=Edward Guthmann | title=Love, family, celebrity, grief -- Leibovitz puts her life on display in photo memoir | url=http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2006/11/01/DDGCKM2T9J1.DTL | work=San Francisco Chronicle | date=2006-11-01 | accessdate=2007-07-19]

Children

Leibovitz has three children: Sarah Cameron Leibovitz (b. October 2001) was born when Leibovitz was 51 years old. Her twins Susan and Samuelle were born to a surrogate mother in May 2005.

Famous Leibovitz photos

* John Lennon and Yoko Ono for the Jan. 22, 1981 Rolling Stone cover, shot the day of Lennon's death. [ [http://www.john-lennon.com/1980rollingstoneinterview.htm John-Lennon.com - 1980 Rolling Stone Interview With John Lennon by Jonathan Cott ] ]
* Linda Ronstadt in a red slip,on her bed, reaching for a glass of water in a 1976 cover story for Rolling Stone magazine.
* Demi Moore has been the subject of two highly publicized covers taken by Leibovitz. "Vanity Fair" featured a nude Moore who, at the time, was seven months pregnant with her daughter Scout LaRue. Moore also appeared later on the cover of the same magazine nude with a suit painted on her body. [http://img.photobucket.com/albums/v134/tomthedog/838ee940.jpg]
*Brooke Shields, pregnant for the cover of "Vogue" in April 2003. This was the first image of a visibly pregnant woman on its cover.
* Whoopi Goldberg lying in a bathtub full of milk, shot from above. [http://loser.miniwini.com/wp/images/Annie.Leibovitz.09.jpg]
* Christo, fully wrapped so the viewer must take the artist's word that Christo is actually under the wrapping. [http://rsrc5.bubbleshare.com/media/00/22/c1/14/7fc9d097e764dbe71afd4e62948f986d14bb1315/580x435/AL-ChristoNYC1981-600_580x435.jpg]
*David Cassidy on the infamous "Rolling Stone" cover depicting him naked from his head to above his crotch.
* Dolly Parton vamping for the camera while Arnold Schwarzenegger flexes his biceps behind her.
* Dan Aykroyd and John Belushi, as The Blues Brothers, with their faces painted blue. [http://www.bubbleshare.com/album/68653.991524698ba/overview#2260746]
* Queen Elizabeth on occasion of her state visit in United States in 2007. [http://www.britainusa.com/sections/articles_show_nt1.asp?d=5&i=70003&L1=41004&L2=70003&a=46309]
* Sting in the desert, covered in mud to blend in with the scenery. [http://www.bubbleshare.com/album/68653.991524698ba/overview#3723598]
* Closeup portrait of Pete Townshend framed by his bleeding hand dripping real blood down the side of his face.
* "Fire" portrait and caption "Patti Smith Catches Fire". [ [http://www.rollingstone.com/photos/gallery/5392220/1978_rolling_stone_covers/photo/13/large RS 270 (July 27, 1978)] ] [ [http://www.oceanstar.com/patti/crit/rs780727.htm Patti Smith Catches Fire] ]
*Cyndi Lauper, "She's So Unusual" and "True Colors" album covers
*Bruce Springsteen, "Born in the U.S.A." album cover.
*Gisele Bündchen and LeBron James on the April 2008 cover of "Vogue" America. [http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=89151096 Some Call LeBron James' 'Vogue' Cover Offensive] , News & Notes, 2008-03-27] [ [http://www.usatoday.com/life/people/2008-03-24-vogue-controversy_N.htm?csp=3 LeBron James' 'Vogue' cover called racially insensitive] , USA Today, 2008-03-24]
*Miley Cyrus' Vanity Fair photo in which the young star appeared semi-nude, leading to a controversy.

Leibovitz's photo books

* "Photographs"
* "Photographs 1970-1990"
* "Olympic Portraits"
* "Women"
* "American Music"
* "A Photographer’s Life 1990-2005" (catalog for a travelling exhibit that debuted at the Brooklyn Museum in October 2006)

References

External links

* [http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=6184192 NPR's interview with Leibovitz, All Things Considered, October 3, 2006]
* [http://www.onpointradio.org/shows/2006/10/20061017_b_main.asp October 17th 2006 Interview with Tom Ashbrook on NPR’s "On Point"] .
* [http://www.kqed.org/epArchive/R610261000 Interview by Michael Krasny on KQED Forum, October 26, 2006]
* [http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2006/11/01/DDGCKM2T9J1.DTL 1 Nov 06 San Francisco Chronicle Interview]
* [http://fotophile.com/reviews/200507leibovitz.html Review of Leibovitz's "American Music" exhibit at the Austin Museum of Art in Fotophile Magazine]
* [http://support.nature.org/site/PageServer?pagename=annieleibovitz_ed6 Annie Leibovitz's thoughts on Earth Day 2006]
* [http://www.efluxmedia.com/news_BBC_Offers_Apologies_For_Showing_Film_Of_Angry_Queen_06995.html BBC Offers Apologies For Showing Film Of Angry Queen]
* [http://www.adcglobal.org/archive/hof/1999/?id=312 Art Directors Club biography, portrait and images of work]
* [http://www.smithsonianmag.com/arts-culture/indelible-200802.html David J. Marcou's "Smithsonian" article of February 2008, pp. 10-12, "Gaga Over a Gargoyle,"covering John Loengard's gripping photo of Annie Leibovitz photographing atop an eagle gargoyle on the 61st floor of New York's Chrysler Building in 1991.]

Persondata
NAME= Leibovitz, Annie
ALTERNATIVE NAMES= Leibovitz, Anna-Lou
SHORT DESCRIPTION= Photographer
DATE OF BIRTH= October 2, 1949
PLACE OF BIRTH= Waterbury, Connecticut, United States
DATE OF DEATH=
PLACE OF DEATH=