- J. Parnell Thomas
John Parnell Thomas (
January 16 ,1895 –November 19 ,1970 ) was astockbroker ,politician and convicted criminal who was elected to seven terms as a U.S. Representative fromNew Jersey .Early life and career
Born in
Jersey City, New Jersey after graduating fromhigh school , he studied at theUniversity of Pennsylvania . When the United States joinedWorld War I in 1917, he served overseas with theUnited States Army . Following his discharge from the military in 1919, Thomas worked in the investment securities and insurance business inNew York City for the next eighteen years.J. Parnell Thomas entered
Allendale, New Jersey municipal politics in 1925 and was elected to council, then,mayor between from 1926 to 1930. He was elected to a two-year term to theNew Jersey General Assembly in 1935. In 1936 was elected to theUnited States House of Representatives as a Republican Party Representative fromNew Jersey's 7th congressional district , filling the vacancy left by the death ofRandolph Perkins . He would be reelected six times.Anti-communism and HUAC
As a U.S. Congressman, Thomas was a staunch conservative opponent of President
Franklin D. Roosevelt and his "New Deal " claiming the President's legislative agenda had "sabotaged the capitalist system." Thomas opposed government support for theFederal Theatre Project declaring that: "Practically every play presented under the auspices of the Project is sheerpropaganda forCommunism or the New Deal." Unrelenting, in 1949 Thomas called the U.S. Secretary of Defense,James Forrestal , "the most dangerous man in America" and claimed that if he was not removed from office he would "cause another world war".Following the Republican Party gaining control of the 80th Congress, Thomas was appointed chairman of the
House Committee on Un-American Activities (HUAC). In May 1947, Thomas traveled toHollywood to meet withfilm industry executives with a view to exposing what he believed was Communist infiltration of motion pictures content by members of theScreen Writers Guild . Returning to Washington, he shifted the focus of the committee to what he called the "subversives" working in the film business. Under Thomas, in October of 1947, HUAC summoned suspected Communists to appear for questioning. These summonses led to the conviction and imprisonment forcontempt of Congress of the "Hollywood Ten" who had refused to answer the Committee's questions, citing the First Amendment.Corruption charges and imprisonment
Prominent American columnists
Jack Anderson and Drew Pearson were critical of Thomas and his committee's methods. Rumors about corrupt practices on the part of Thomas were confirmed when his secretary, Helen Campbell, sent documents to Drew Pearson which he used to expose Thomas's corruption in anAugust 4 ,1948 newspaper article. As a result, Thomas was summoned to answer to charges of salary fraud before agrand jury .In an ironic twist, Thomas refused to answer questions, citing his Fifth Amendment rights, the same rights as the Hollywood Ten had cited but which Thomas had refused to accept. Indicted, Thomas was tried and convicted of
fraud and given a fine and an 18-month prison sentence. He resigned from Congress onJanuary 2 ,1950 . In one more ironic twist, he was imprisoned in Danbury Prison withLester Cole andRing Lardner, Jr. – both members of the "Hollywood Ten" serving time because of Thomas' inquiries into the film industry.After his release from prison, J. Parnell Thomas was an editor and publisher of three weekly newspapers in
Bergen County, New Jersey . President Truman pardoned him on Christmas Eve, 1952. In 1954, he tried to re-enter Federal politics but was defeated for the Republican Party nomination for Congress.J. Parnell Thomas died in 1970 in
St. Petersburg, Florida , where he had retired. He was cremated, and his ashes were interred in the Elmgrove Cemetery inMystic, Connecticut .External links
*CongBio|T000175|John Parnell Thomas
* [http://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/thomas5.html#R9M0JF3N4 John Parnell Thomas] ,The Political Graveyard
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