- Ernst Gottfried Fischer
-
Ernst Gottfried Fischer (July 17, 1754 – ca 1831) was a German chemist. He was born in Hoheneiche near Saalfeld. After studying theology and mathematics at the University of Halle, he was a teacher in Berlin before becoming Professor of Physics in 1810. He translated Claude Berthollet's publication Recherches sur les lois de l'affinitié in 1802. He proposed a system of equivalents based on sulfuric acid equal to one hundred.
Stoichiometry contribution
Jeremias Benjamin Richter's work had little impact until 1802, when it was summarized by Fischer in terms of tables, such as the one below.
According to this table, it takes 615 parts by weight of magnesia to neutralize either 1000 parts by weight of sulfuric acid or 1405 parts by weight of nitric acid. In the early literature on the subject, these weights were referred to as combining weights.
Weights of Acids and Bases that are Chemically Equivalent Bases Acids Name Parts required to titrate Name Parts required to titrate Alumina (aluminium oxide) 525 Carbonic acid 577 Magnesia 615 Muriatic acid (hydrochloric acid) 712 Lime (calcium carbonate) 793 Phosphoric acid 979 Calcium hydroxide 793 Oxalic acid 755 Soda (sodium carbonate) 859 Sulphuric acid 1000 Potash (potassium carbonate) 1605 Aqua fortis (nitric acid) 1405 Barite (barium sulfate) 2222 Acetic acid 1480 References
- "Gottfried Fischer". College of Science Bodner Research Group Web. http://chemed.chem.purdue.edu/genchem/history/fischer.html. Retrieved June 19, 2005.[dead link]
- "Chemist's biographies". Queen Mary University of London. http://www.chem.qmul.ac.uk/rschg/biog.html. Retrieved March 28, 2010.
This article about a German chemist is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
