Juncus acutus

Taxobox

---

image_width = 240px
image_caption = "Spiny rush"
regnum = Plantae
divisio = Magnoliophyta
classis = Liliopsida
ordo = Poales
familia = Juncaceae
genus = "Juncus"
species = "J. acutus"
binomial = "Juncus acutus"cite web
url = http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/taxon.pl?447103
title = Taxon: "Juncus acutus" L.
accessdate = 2008-04-26
author = Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN)
authorlink = Germplasm Resources Information Network
date = 2004-09-08
format = HTML
work = Taxonomy for Plants
publisher = USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program, National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland ]
binomial_authority = L.

"Juncus actus" or spiny rush, sharp rush or sharp-pointed rush is of the monocot family Juncaceae and genus "Juncus". It grows in salt marshescite book
last = Baba
first = Alper
coauthors = Ken W. F. Howard, Orhan Gunduz
title = Groundwater and Ecosystems
url = http://books.google.com/books?id=1kuMICY6NCcC&source=gbs_summary_s&cad=0
format = HTML
publisher = Springer Science+Business Media
isbn = 1402047363
chapter = Groundwater in Semi-Arid Mediterranean Areas
chapterurl = http://books.google.com/books?id=1kuMICY6NCcC&pg=PT77&lpg=PT77&source=web&ots=0fDmVpC25b&sig=XLtuHtcNVd2yYoMw-NcxrjGRV9g&hl=en ] and on dunescite journal
last =Schardosim
first =Alecsandro
authorlink =
coauthors =Klein Vanilde, Citadini-Zanette, Robson dos Santos
title =Florística e estrutura comunitária de restinga herbácea no município de Araranguá, Santa Catarina
journal =Biotemas
volume =20
issue =3
pages =15-26
date = September 2007
url = http://www.biotemas.ufsc.br/pdf/volume203/p15a26.pdf
language = Portuguese
id =ISSN 0103 – 1643
accessdate = 2008-04-25 ] and is reliable for reducing erosion ratescite journal
last =De Baets
first =S.
coauthors =J. Poesen, A. Knapen, G.G. Barberá, J.A. Navarro
title =Root characteristics of representative Mediterranean plant species and their erosion-reducing potential during concentrated runoff
journal =Geophysical Research Abstracts
volume =9
publisher = European Geosciences Union
date =2007
url = http://www.cosis.net/abstracts/EGU2007/05497/EGU2007-J-05497.pdf
format = PDF
id =1607-7962/gra/EGU2007-A-05497
accessdate = 2008-04-26 ] yet, in some countries like Australia it is considered to be an invasive weedcite book
last = Parsons
first = W. T.
coauthors = E. G. Cuthbertson
title = Noxious Weeds of Australia
url = http://books.google.com/books?id=sRCrNAQQrpwC&source=gbs_summary_s&cad=0
format = HTML
accessdate = 2008-04-26
date = 2001
publisher = CSIRO Publishing
isbn = 0643065148
pages = 712 pages
chapter = FAMILY Juncaceae
chapterurl = http://books.google.com/books?id=sRCrNAQQrpwC&pg=PA81&lpg=PA81&source=web&ots=0P0SrF88Ep&sig=JmgU-SN-uFWHSXvBbB-E6Se38vw&hl=en ] and the spines harmful to young children.cite web
url = http://www.weeds.org.au/cgi-bin/weedident.cgi?tpl=plant.tpl&state=&s=0&ibra=all&card=W22
title = Australia > > Spiny Rush
accessdate = 2008-04-20
format = HTML
work = Weed Identification
publisher = Australian Weeds Committee, National Weeds Strategy]

ynonyms

*"Juncus acutus" ssp. "leopoldii" (Parl.) Snog. -- Leopold's RushITIS|ID=524958|taxon="Juncus acutus" ssp. "leopoldii"|year=2008|date=25 April]
*"Juncus acutus" L. var. "sphaerocarpus" Engelm.cite web
url = http://plants.usda.gov/java/profile?symbol=JUACL
title = PLANTS Profile, "Juncus acutus" ssp. "leopoldii"
accessdate = 2008-04-25
author = Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS)
authorlink = Natural Resources Conservation Service
format = HTML
work = The PLANTS Database
publisher = United States Department of Agriculture ]
*"Juncus acutus" L. subsp. "acutus"
*"Juncus spinosus" Forssk. cite web
url = http://www.ville-ge.ch/cjb/bd/africa/details.php?langue=an&id=41763
title = "Juncus acutus" L. subsp. "acutus" record n° 41763
accessdate = 2008-04-25
format = HTML
work = African Plants Database
publisher = South African National Biodiversity Institute, the Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques de la Ville de Genève and Tela Botanica. ]
*"Juncus acutus" ssp. "leopoldii" also known as "Leopold's rush" is a native of Arizona, California, Georgia and Nevada.
*"Juncus acutus" L. var. "conglobatus" Trautv.
*"Juncus acutus" L. var. "decompositus" Guss.
*"Juncus acutus" L. var. "longibracteatus" Buchenaucite web
url = http://www.ville-ge.ch/cjb/bd/africa/details.php?langue=an&id=160745
title = "Juncus acutus" L. record n° 160745
accessdate = 2008-04-25
format = HTML
work = African Plants Database
publisher = South African National Biodiversity Institute, the Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques de la Ville de Genève and Tela Botanica ]

Description

"Juncus acutus" is a brown and greencite web
url = http://florabase.calm.wa.gov.au/browse/profile/1175
title = "Juncus acutus" L.
accessdate = 2008-04-26
author =Helen Coleman, FloraBase: Flora of Western Australia
authorlink = Western Australian Herbarium
date = 2007-09-11
format = HTML
work = Flora Descriptions
publisher = Government of Western Australia] ""
perennial that can be to convert|1.5|m|ft|lk=ontall in all kinds of soils,cite web
url = http://www.ibiblio.org/pfaf/cgi-bin/arr_html?Juncus+acutus
title = "Juncus acutus"
accessdate = 2008-04-25
format = HTML
work = Species Database
publisher = Plants For A Future] in areas which go from extremes in flood and dry like dunesor that just stay wet like lowland grassland and grassy woodland, riparian vegetation, freshwater wetland, and saline and subsaline wetlands.cite web
url = http://www.dpi.vic.gov.au/dpi/vro/vrosite.nsf/pages/weeds_perennial_spiny_rush
title = Spiny Rush ("Juncus acutus") (Nox)
accessdate = 2008-04-25
date = 2008-05-03
format = HTML
work = Victorian Resources Online
publisher = The State of Victoria, Department of Primary Industries] ;Stems and leaves: Pith filled stems and leaves arise from the base at different angles giving the plant a globe shape. The leaves form a basal sheath around the flower stem leaves and end with a stiff sharp point.;Flowers: The convert|2|mm|in|lk=on to convert|4|mm|in diameter and convert|4|cm|in|lk=on to convert|13|cm|in long flower stems are similar to leaves and emerge from the base at all angles and each have 1 - 6 flowers. Each flower has 6 stamens and convert|4|cm|in to convert|25|cm|in long bracts that terminate in a stiff and sharp point. The flowers are hermaphrodite and are pollinated by the wind. ;Fruits and reproduction: Fruits are oval 3-celled brown capsules convert|4|mm|in to convert|6|mm|in. The convert|1.2|mm|in to convert|2|mm|in long brown seeds have a tail at each end.;Roots: Short and robust rhizomes.

Distribution

Found principally in low-lying damp, low fertility areas like sandy sea shores and dune slacks and coastal flats, occasionally in salt marshes and disturbed saline areas, mine dumps, lowland grassland and grassy woodland, riparian vegetation, freshwater wetland, and saline and subsaline wetlands:Palearctic: ::Northern Africa: Algeria, Egypt, Morocco::Western Asia: Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Turkey::Caucasus: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia::Northern Europe: United Kingdom::Southeastern Europe: Albania, Crete, Greece, Italy, Republic of Kosovo, Montenegro, Sardinia, Serbia, Sicily::Southwestern Europe: Azores, Balearic Islands, Corsica, France, Portugal, Spain:Nearctic: ::Northern Mexico: Baja Norte

Community species

:In Brazil, "J. Acutus" has been observed on the Santa Catarina coast living in communities with::*"Ipomoea pes-caprae":*"Hydrocotyle bonariensis":*"Senecio crassiflorus":In a natural shallow depression in the Murray River floodplain in South Australia::*"Muehlenbeckia florulenta":*"Atriplex semibaccata":*"Halosarcia pergranulata" ssp. "pergranulata" :*"Mimulus repens":*"Ludwigia peploides" ssp. "montevidensis":*"Phragmites australis" :*"Paspalum vaginatum"cite journal
last =MERZ
first =SINCLAIR KNIGHT
title =Loveday Swamp Data
journal = [http://www.rivermurray.sa.gov.au/Atlas/files/loveday_s/loveday_s.htm Wetland: Loveday Swamp Final Report]
publisher = South Australian Government
url =http://www.rivermurray.sa.gov.au/Atlas/files/loveday_s/loveday_s_final_report.pdf
accessdate = 2008-04-25 ]

References

External links

*cite web
url = http://beta.uniprot.org/taxonomy/308385
title = Juncus acutus
accessdate = 2008-04-25
author = UniProt
authorlink = UniProt
format = HTML
*cite book
last = Linné
first = Carl von
authorlink = Carolus Linnaeus
coauthors = Laurentii Salvii
title = Species plantarum :exhibentes plantas rite cognitas, ad genera relatas, cum differentiis specificis, nominibus trivialibus, synonymis selectis, locis natalibus, secundum systema sexuale digestas...
url = http://www.botanicus.org/item/31753000802824
series = Vol. 1
date = 1753
id = QK91.C480 1753
chapter = Juncus
chapterurl = http://www.botanicus.org/page/358344
*cite web
url = http://www.tropicos.org/Name/16900118
title = "Juncus acutus" L.
accessdate = 2008-04-25
author = Missouri Botanical Garden
authorlink = Missouri Botanical Garden
work = Tropicos
format = HTML