Multiplicity (chemistry) — Multiplicity in quantum chemistry is used to distinguish between several degenerate wavefunctions that differ only in the orientation of their angular spin momenta. It is defined as 2S+1, where S is the angular spin momentum. Multiplicity is the… … Wikipedia
Spin (physics) — This article is about spin in quantum mechanics. For rotation in classical mechanics, see angular momentum. In quantum mechanics and particle physics, spin is a fundamental characteristic property of elementary particles, composite particles… … Wikipedia
Multiplicity — may refer to Multiplicity (mathematics), a mathematical concept Multiplicity (philosophy), a philosophical concept Multiplicity (physics), the number of microstates in a system, in statistical mechanics Multiplicity (chemistry); multiplicity in… … Wikipedia
Spin transition — The spin transition is one of the most spectacular example of transitionbetween two electronic states in molecular chemistry. The ability of to evolve from a stable to another stable (or metastable) electronicstate in a reversable and detectable… … Wikipedia
Multiplicity function for N noninteracting spins — The multiplicity function for a two state paramagnet, W(n,N), is the number of spin states such that n of the N spins point in the z direction. This function is given by the combinatoric function C(N,n). That is: It is primarily used in… … Wikipedia
Hund's rule of maximum multiplicity — is an observational rule which states that a greater total spin state usually makes the resulting atom more stable. Accordingly, it can be taken that if two or more orbitals of equal energy are available, electrons will occupy them singly before… … Wikipedia
Nitrogen-vacancy center — The nitrogen vacancy center (N V center) is one of numerous point defects in diamond. Its most explored and useful property is photoluminescence, which can be easily detected from an individual N V center. Electron spins at N V centers, localized … Wikipedia
Triplet state — In physics, spin is the angular momentum intrinsic to a body, as opposed to orbital angular momentum, which is the motion of its center of mass about an external point. In quantum mechanics, spin is particularly important for systems at atomic… … Wikipedia
Doublet state — In quantum mechanics, a doublet is a quantum state of a system with a spin of 1/2, such that there are two allowed values of the spin component, −1/2 and +1/2. Quantum systems with two possible states are sometimes called two level systems.… … Wikipedia
Singlet state — In theoretical physics, a singlet usually refers to a one dimensional representation (e.g. a particle with vanishing spin). It may also refer to two or more particles prepared in a correlated state, such that the total angular momentum of the… … Wikipedia
