Sha'arai Shomayim Cemetery

Infobox_cemetery
name = Sha'arai Shomayim Cemetery


imagesize = 280px
caption = The entrance gate to Sha'arai Shomayim.
established = 1876
country = United States
location = Mobile, Alabama
coordinates =
type = Private
owner = Congregation Sha'arai Shomayim
size = convert|15|acre|ha|1|graves=
website =
findagrave =
political =

Sha'arai Shomayim Cemetery is a historic Jewish cemetery located in Mobile, Alabama, United States. It was established by Congregation Sha'arai Shomayim in 1876 after their previous cemetery, Jewish Rest in the adjacent Magnolia Cemetery, was filled to capacity.Sledge, John Sturdivant. "Cities of Silence: A Guide to Mobile's Historic Cemeteries", pages 80-89. Tuscaloosa, Alabama: University of Alabama Press, 2002.] The cemetery is situated on convert|15|acre|ha|1 and is surrounded by a 19th century cast-iron fence and live oak trees. The entrance is through an ornamental arched gate inscribed with the congregation name in Hebrew letters.cite web|title="Cemetery"|work="Springhill Avenue Temple, Congregation Sha'arai Shomayim"|url=http://www.springhillavenuetemple.com/cemetery.html|accessdate=2008-04-15]

The congregation

Mobile's Reform Jewish community had its beginnings in the 1820s. The Sha'arai Shomayim congregation was the first Jewish congregation in Alabama and one of the oldest Reform congregations in the United States.cite web|title="History"|work="Springhill Avenue Temple, Congregation Sha'arai Shomayim"|url=http://www.springhillavenuetemple.com/history.html|accessdate=2008-04-15] It was granted a charter by the state on January 25, 1844, with fifty-two families under the name of Sha'arai Shomayim Umaskil el Dol, or Gates of Heaven and Society of Friends of the Needy. They organized the first synagogue in Alabama, the St. Emanuel Street Temple, with it being dedicated on December 27, 1846. They went on to build three more synagogues, after outgrowing the others, and have occupied the Springhill Avenue Temple since September 2, 1955.cite web|title="Alabama"
work="American Synagogues, A Photographic Journey"
url=http://americansynagoguearchitecture.com/Alabama%20Sample%20Page.htm
accessdate=2008-04-15]

History

The Sha'arai Shomayim congregation's first cemetery was a section in Magnolia Cemetery that was deeded to them by the city of Mobile on 22 June 1841.Sledge, John Sturdivant. "Cities of Silence: A Guide to Mobile's Historic Cemeteries", pages 24-26. Tuscaloosa, Alabama: University of Alabama Press, 2002.] It would later come to be referred to as "Jewish Rest." The Jewish Rest section was full after only a few decades and led to the establishment of Sha'arai Shomayim Cemetery to the south of Magnolia.cite web|title="Welcome to the Magnolia Cemetery Website"|work="Magnolia Cemetery website"|url=http://www.magnoliacemetery.com/|accessdate=2007-11-18]

The congregation purchased the land for the new cemetery from William and Caroline Leinkauf on March 17, 1876. They adopted a number of resolutions for governing the new cemetery and placed the lot prices at $50 per lot. The site was consecrated on December 3, 1876. The cemetery was laid out by Samuel Brown, the congregation's vice president. He had live oaks planted around the perimeter of the grounds, and in 1890 the ornamental cast-iron gate and fence was installed. The first burial was that of Israel Jones, on December 28, 1876. One of the most notable interments to ever take place in the cemetery was that of Esau Frohlichstein on May 14, 1914. He was one of fourteen American soldiers killed in the U.S. siege of Veracruz during the Mexican Revolution. Thousands of Mobilians took part in his burial service and his marker is inscribed with a letter that he wrote to his parents the night before the attack. In part it reads, "Don't be afraid if I get killed. For the old saying 'Rather die a hero than live a coward' will land at Vera Cruz in about four hours."

The grave plots within the site are laid out in an east-west configuration with paved lanes running between them. A lawn-covered central avenue divides the cemetery and features a large cast-iron gazebo in the center. Many elaborately carved headstones and mausolea fill the cemetery. The most elaborate markers represent the Ark of the Covenant with classical detailing, many examples are present within the grounds. Many other markers feature Hebrew inscriptions. The cemetery has a large number of mausolea, one of the most notable being the Eichold-Haas-Brown mausoleum. It was designed by architect George B. Rogers and features many Middle Eastern design motifs and the Star of David.

Gallery

Egyptian Revival architecture.

ee also

*Ahavas Chesed Cemetery
*Church Street Graveyard
*Magnolia Cemetery
*Old Catholic Cemetery

References