Docufiction

Docufiction

Docufiction (or docu-fiction, often confused with docudrama) is a neologism which refers to the cinematographic combination of documentary and fiction.[1] More precisely, it is a documentary contaminated with fictional elements,[2] in real time, filmed when the events take place, and in which someone - the character - plays his own role in real life. Concerning a film genre[3] in expansion, the new term[4] appeared at the beginning of the 21st century. It is now commonly used in several languages and widely accepted for classification by international film festivals.[5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]

In contrast, docudrama is usually a fictional and dramatized recreation[14] of factual events in form of a documentary, at a time subsequent to the "real" events it portrays. A docudrama is often confused with docufiction, when drama is considered interchangeable with fiction. Typically however, "docudrama" refers specifically to telefilms or other television media recreations that dramatize certain events often with actors.

A mockumentary (etymology: mock documentary[15]) is also a film or television show in which fictitious events are presented in documentary format, sometimes a recreation of factual events after they took place or a comment on current events, typically satirical or comedic[16][17] (see genres: drama versus comedy and tragedy) or dramatic[18] in nature. Portraying events at an ulterior time and basically using fictional narrative such as docudrama, it should not be confused with docufiction as well.

The word docufiction is also sometimes used to refer to literary journalism (creative nonfiction). Either in cinema or television, docufiction is, anyway, a film genre in full development during the first decade of this century.

Contents

Origins

The term involves a way of making films already practiced by such authors as Robert Flaherty , one of the fathers of documentary,[19][20] and Jean Rouch, later in the 20th century.

It also implicates the concept that fiction and documentary are basic genres, due to the ontological status[21] of the filmed image as photography: the double (the image of the subject) is shown as being the same, as real image, as representation and reality in documentary,[22] but as simple representation in fiction: in fiction, an actor stands for[23][24] another person. Being both,[25] docufiction is a hybrid genre,[26] arising ethical problems[27][28][29][30][31][32][33] concerning truth.

In the domain of visual anthropology, the innovating role of Jean Rouch[34] allows one to consider him as the father of a subgenre called ethnofiction.[35] This term means: ethnographic documentary film with natives who play fictional roles. Making them play a role about themselves will help portray reality.[36] It will be reinforced with imagery. A non ethnographic documentary with fictional elements uses the same method and, for the same reasons, may be called docufiction.

First docufictions by country

Other well-known docufictions

See also

References

  1. ^ Reality and documentary – at Six Types Of Documentary, article by Girish Shambu (blog)
  2. ^ Il difficile rapporto tra fiction e non fiction che si concretizza nella docu-fiction (The difficult relationship between fiction and non-fiction patent in docufiction ) - thesis in Italian by Laura Marchesi, Faculty of Communication Sciences (Università degli Studi di Pavia) at Tesionline, 2005/06
  3. ^ An Introduction to Genre Theory by Daniel Chandler at Aberystwyth University
  4. ^ What is docufiction? – See Section II, pages 37 to 75 (four chapters) of the thesis by Prof. Theo Mäusli
  5. ^ Indie Matra Bhumi (The Motherland) – Cannes Film Festival
  6. ^ Ablel Ferrara’s docufiction – Venice Film Festival
  7. ^ The Savage Eye: White Docu-Fiction & Black Reality at Tribeca Film Festival
  8. ^ Brian De Palma's On His Iraq Docu-Fiction Comeback at The Huffington Post – Toronto Film Festival and Venice Film Festival
  9. ^ Darius Mehrjui’s film Diamond 33 – Venice Film Festival
  10. ^ New Film Events – London Short Film Festival
  11. ^ Oscilloscope 'Howl' for Off Beat Docu-Fiction Sundance Selection at Ion Cinema
  12. ^ Docufiction at several film festivals
  13. ^ See: Hybrids (fiction/nonfiction films) at External links
  14. ^ See Docudrama: the real (his)tory Confusion of genres – Page 2 on the thesis by Çiçek Coşkun (New York University School of Education)
  15. ^ From "mock + documentary" - definition at The Free Dictionary
  16. ^ What is mockumentary? at Ranker
  17. ^ A television programme or film which takes the form of a serious documentary in order to satirize its subject. - definition at The Free Dictionary and Dictionary.com
  18. ^ Definition at Merrian-Webster dictionary: greatly affecting people's emotions
  19. ^ Definition of documentary – New Frontiers in American documentary (American Studies at The University of Virginia)
  20. ^ The Impulse of Documentary-Fiction - Paper at Transart Institute
  21. ^ The Gap: Documentary Truth between Reality and Perception – article by Randolph Jordan referring «the increasing lack of distinction between documentary and fiction film» at Hors Champ
  22. ^ Open-ended Realities - article by Luciana Lang at Latineos
  23. ^ Semiotics at Book Regs
  24. ^ Semiotics for Beginners by Daniel Chandler at Aberystwyth University
  25. ^ (NON)FICTION AND THE VIEWER: RE-INTERPRETING THE DOCUMENTARY FILM – Paper by Tammy Stone, Avila University
  26. ^ See hybrid genre – page 50, thesis on docufiction by Prof. Theo Mäusli
  27. ^ Open-ended Realities - article by Luciana Lang at Latineos
  28. ^ The appeal of hybrid documentary forms in West Africa at Project Muse
  29. ^ Ethics and Documentary Filmmaking – Article by Marty Lucas at Center for Social Media (American University in Washington, D.C)
  30. ^ On Ethics and Documentary: A Real and Actual Truth – Article by Garnet C. Butchart at Cultural Studies Program, Trent University, Peterborough, Ontario, Canada, published University of South Florida
  31. ^ What to Do About Documentary Distortion? Toward a Code of Ethics – Article by Bill Nichols at Documentary.org
  32. ^ Documentary Film Prompts-Ethics in Documentary/Fiction vs. Documentary – Paper by Ardavon Naimi at University of Texas at Dallas
  33. ^ Ethics and Filmmaking in Developing Countries at Unite For Sight
  34. ^ READING THE IMAGE: Visual Literacy And The Films Of Jean Rouch – article by Rayma Watkinson at Inter-disciplanary Net
  35. ^ Jean Rouch and the Genesis of Ethnofiction, thesis by Brian Quist, Long Island University
  36. ^ "Ethnofiction: drama as a creative research practice in ethnographic film." Journal of Media Practice 9, no. 3(2008), eScholarID:1b5648, article by Johannes Sjöberg

Sources and bibliography

  • (English) Paget, Derek (1998). No Other Way to Tell It. Dramadoc/docudrama on television. Manchester University Press. ISBN 9780719045332. 
  • (English) Rosenthal, Alan (199). Why Docudrama? : Fact-Fiction on Film and TV. Carbondale & Edwardsville: Southern Illinois Press. ISBN 9780809321865. 
  • (English) Lipkin, Steven N., ed (2002). Real Emotional Logic. Film and Television Docudrama As Persuasive Practice. Carbondale: Southern Illinois Press. ISBN 9780809324095. 
  • (English) Docudrama: the real (his)tory thesis by Çiçek Coşkun (New York University School of Education)

External links


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  • docufiction —  n.f. Documentaire contenant une part de fiction …   Le dictionnaire des mots absents des autres dictionnaires

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  • Marie Antoinette (docufiction, 2006) — Marie Antoinette (téléfilm, 2006) Marie Antoinette est un téléfilm franco québécois réalisé par Francis Leclerc et Yves Simoneau en 2006. Synopsis Le téléfilm montre la vie de la reine Marie Antoinette, de son arrivée à Versailles à son exécution …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Docu-drama — Docufiction Docufiction[1] (parfois désignée comme docudrama) est un mot valise qui se rapporte à une œuvre de cinéma ou de télévision à mi chemin entre la fiction et le documentaire. Ce terme apparaît au début du XXIe siècle et est devenu… …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Docu-drame — Docufiction Docufiction[1] (parfois désignée comme docudrama) est un mot valise qui se rapporte à une œuvre de cinéma ou de télévision à mi chemin entre la fiction et le documentaire. Ce terme apparaît au début du XXIe siècle et est devenu… …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Docu-fiction — Docufiction Docufiction[1] (parfois désignée comme docudrama) est un mot valise qui se rapporte à une œuvre de cinéma ou de télévision à mi chemin entre la fiction et le documentaire. Ce terme apparaît au début du XXIe siècle et est devenu… …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Docu Fiction — Docufiction Docufiction[1] (parfois désignée comme docudrama) est un mot valise qui se rapporte à une œuvre de cinéma ou de télévision à mi chemin entre la fiction et le documentaire. Ce terme apparaît au début du XXIe siècle et est devenu… …   Wikipédia en Français

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  • Docu fiction — Docufiction Docufiction[1] (parfois désignée comme docudrama) est un mot valise qui se rapporte à une œuvre de cinéma ou de télévision à mi chemin entre la fiction et le documentaire. Ce terme apparaît au début du XXIe siècle et est devenu… …   Wikipédia en Français

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