Domitila, Marchioness of Santos

Francisco Pedro do Amaral: Portrait of Domitila de Castro

Domitila (or Domitília) de Castro do Canto e Melo (São Paulo, December 27, 1797 — São Paulo, November 3, 1867), 1st Viscountess with designation as a Grandee, then 1st Marchioness of Santos, was a Brazilian noblewoman and the long-term mistress and favorite of Emperor Pedro I of Brazil.

The Regent of Brazil first met D. Domitila (who was born in São Paulo) in 1822 during his travel through São Paulo which would lead to the Brazilian independence. She was married to Felício Muniz, a military officer of low rank. Crowned emperor, Pedro I invited her to move to Rio de Janeiro and offered her an office at the Court, placing her at the Empress's entourage as her lady in waiting. There she managed to have her first marriage nullified.

The emperor proved himself very generous when it came to honour his favourite and her family as well. Bestowing on her the title of Viscountness of Santos was a slap in the face of the family of José Bonifácio, the patriarch of the independence and the most eminent people of the city of Santos, SP. He also did not hesitate in bestowing titles on their three daughters (the Duchesses of Goiás and Ceará and the Countess of Iguaçu) and insisting on them being educated with the royal princesses. The Marchioness' sister was made Baroness of Sorocaba and eventually joined the extensive roll of royal mistresses bearing him a child.

D. Leopoldina, the empress, died in 1826 due to complications caused by a miscarriage. The public opinion held the Marchioness responsible for the grievances and humiliations put through by the first.

Since marrying D. Domitila was not an option, Pedro sent an ambassador to Europe to find him a new wife. His reputation as a bad husband made the Baron of Barbacena's errand very difficult though. Not only was Pedro a womanizer and rather poor, but the South American emperor was also said to be violent according to rumours^[who?] arisen after the dramatic death of D. Leopoldina.

In 1829, when Pedro married for the second time the young Bavarian princess Amélie de Beauharnais von Leuchtenberg, granddaughter of the Empress Josephine, D. Domitila was dismissed, returning to São Paulo. There she married again the brigadier Rafael Tobias de Aguiar.

Persondata
Name	Domitila, Marchioness Of Santos
Alternative names
Short description	Mistress of Emperor mistress Peter I of Brazil
Date of birth	December 27, 1797
Place of birth	São Paulo, Brazil
Date of death	November 3, 1867
Place of death	São Paulo, Brazil