Acalypha

Acalypha
Chenille Plant, Acalypha godseffiana
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
(unranked):	Angiosperms
(unranked):	Eudicots
(unranked):	Rosids
Order:	Malpighiales
Family:	Euphorbiaceae
Subfamily:	Acalyphoideae
Tribe:	Acalypheae
Subtribe:	Acalyphinae
Genus:	Acalypha L.
Species
450-500, see text
Synonyms
Acalyphes Hassk. Acalyphopsis Pax & K.Hoffm. Calyptrospatha Klotzsch ex Baill. Caturus L. Corythea S.Watson Cupameni Adans. Galurus Spreng. Gymnalypha Griseb. Linostachys Klotzsch ex Schltdl. Mercuriastrum Fabr. Odonteilema Turcz. Paracelsea Zoll. Ricinocarpus Kuntze Schizogyne Ehrenb. ex Pax (non Cass.: preoccupied) Usteria Dennst. (non Willd.: preoccupied)

Acalypha capitata in Keesara, Rangareddy district, Andhra Pradesh, India.

Acalypha fruticosa

Acalypha^[1] is a plant genus of the family Euphorbiaceae. It is the sole genus of the subtribe Acalyphinae. With 450 to 500 species of herbs and shrubs, the genus is only behind Euphorbia, Croton and Phyllanthus in term of Malpighiales diversity. The common names are copperleaves or three-seeded mercuries.

These plants are mostly tropical or subtropical (but not present in Hawaiʻi and several other Pacific Islands), with a few representatives in temperate zones. The Americas contain two thirds of the known species, distributed from southern United States to Uruguay and northern Argentina.

Several species, such as A. ecuadorica, A. eggersii and A. raivavensis are nearly extinct, and the St. Helena Mountain Bush or "stringwood" (A. rubrinervis) already is.

Uses

Chenille Plant (A. hispida), cultivated as houseplant because of its colorful and texturally exciting flowers, is by far the best-known species. Others are grown for their foliage and a number of cultivars have been developed, such as A. bipartita is eaten as a vegetable in some parts of Africa^[2].

Selected species

• Acalypha alopecuroides
• Acalypha amentacea
  • Acalypha amentacea subsp. wilkesiana (syn. A. godseffiana)
• Acalypha andina
• Acalypha arvensis
• Acalypha australis
• Acalypha bipartita
• Acalypha bisetosa
• Acalypha californica – California Copperleaf, Pringle Three-seeded Mercury
• Acalypha chlorocardia
• Acalypha chuniana
• Acalypha ciliata
• Acalypha costaricensis
• Acalypha dictyoneura
• Acalypha diversifolia
• Acalypha ecuadorica
• Acalypha eggersii
• Acalypha fruticosa
• Acalypha glabrata
• Acalypha gracilens
• Acalypha gummifera
• Acalypha hispida – Chenille Plant, Philippine Medusa, Red-hot Cattail, "foxtail"
• Acalypha hontauyuensis
• Acalypha indica, Indian Acalypha
• Acalypha integrifolia
• Acalypha klavea
• Acalypha × lancasteri^{[verification needed]}
• Acalypha lancetillae
• Acalypha lepinei
• Acalypha leptopoda
• Acalypha macrostachya
• Acalypha monococca
• Acalypha mortoniana
• Acalypha ornata
• Acalypha ostryifolia
• Acalypha pendula
• Acalypha phleoides
• Acalypha polystachya
• Acalypha portoricensis
• Acalypha psilostachya
• Acalypha radians
• Acalypha raivavensis
• Acalypha repens
• Acalypha reptans
• Acalypha rhomboidea – Common Copperleaf, Common Three-seeded Mercury
• Acalypha rubrinervis – St. Helena Mountain Bush, String Tree, Stringwood - extinct (c.1860)
• Acalypha schimpffii
• Acalypha setosa
• Acalypha siamensis
• Acalypha skutchii
• Acalypha sonderiana
• Acalypha suirenbiensis
• Acalypha tunguraguae
• Acalypha umbrosa
• Acalypha villicaulis
• Acalypha villosa
• Acalypha virginica – Virginia Copperleaf, Virginia Three-seeded Mercury
• Acalypha wilkesiana – Beefsteakplant, Copperleaf, Fire-dragon, Jacob's-coat^[3]

Footnotes

1. ^ Latinized Ancient Greek from akaluphē (ἀκαλύφη), a nettle-like plant
2. ^ Grubben & Denton (2004)
3. ^ Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN) (1999-08-30). "Taxon: Acalypha wilkesiana Müll. Arg.". Taxonomy for Plants. USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program, National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. http://www.ars-grin.gov/npgs/. Retrieved 2008-03-23. 

References

• Pax, Ferdinand Albin & Hoffmann, Käthe (1924): Euphorbiaceae-Crotonoideae-Acalypheae-Acalyphinae. In: Engler, Adolf: Das Pflanzenreich Series IV '147.XVI (85): 1-231.
• Grubben, G.J.H. & Denton, O.A. (2004): Plant Resources of Tropical Africa 2: Vegetables. PROTA Foundation, Wageningen; Backhuys, Leiden; CTA, Wageningen.

External links

• Acalypha´s Taxonomic Information System - UAM Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
• NC State Univ
• PROTA4U
• Acalypha Hispida
• Acalypha Wilkesiana
• Acalypha Wilkesiana Musaica