Muriel Byck

Muriel Byck
Nickname	Michéle, Violette
Born	4 June 1918(1918-06-04) Ealing, London, England, UK
Died	23 May 1944(1944-05-23) (aged 25) Romorantin, France
Allegiance	United Kingdom, France
Service/branch	Special Operations Executive, French Resistance
Years of service	1942-1944
Rank	Field agent and guerrilla commander
Commands held	Ventriloquist
Awards	Mentioned in Dispatches

Muriel Byck (4 June 1918, Ealing, London, England, UK – 23 May 1944, Romorantin, France) was a heroine of the Special Operations Executive (SOE) during the Second World War.

Early life

Muriel Tamara Byck was the daughter of French Jews, Luba Besia (née Golinska) and Jacques Byck, who had both taken British nationality. She was born in London.

Her SOE file revealed that from 1923-24 she had lived with her family in Wiesbaden, Germany. The family must have moved to France in 1926 as she went to school at the Lycee de Jeunes Filles, St Germain, France, before moving to England in 1930 as Byck attended the Lycee Francais in Kensington, London, SW7, where she took the Baccalaureate in 1935 and then proceeded to the University of Lille.

Byck worked as a secretary from 1936-38 in London before becoming an Assistant Stage Manager at the Gate Theatre in 1937. At the outbreak of war, joined the Red Cross as a voluntary worker and the WVS. She moved to Torquay in 1941 where she worked as National Registration Clerk and was also an ARP Warden.

WAAF & SOE Mission

Muriel joined the WAAF in December 1942 as a General Duties clerk (Service number 2071428^[1]) working in the records office, later being promoted to the rank of Section Officer. As she spoke excellent French, she was recruited into the SOE in July 1943. She began initial training in September 1943 at Winterfold, Cranleigh, in Surrey. From here she proceeded to para-military training at Meoble Lodge, Morar, Invernesshire until October and wireless operator training at Thame Park, Oxfordshire in November and December 1943. She was chosen by Major Philippe de Vomécourt to be his assistant.

Byck was graded 'average' as a General Agent by her SOE instructors, but gained a high intelligence rating (eight out of nine), and high grades for Morse and Mechanical Aptitude. She was described by her instructors on her SOE file as:

a quiet, bright, attractive girl, keen, enthusiastic and intelligent. Alert but not very practical and as yet lacks foresight and thoroughness. She is, however, self-possessed, independent and persistent, and warm in her feelings for others... a girl of considerable promise who will require much training to help her to overcome her lack of experience, her complete ignorance of what the work really involves and her general guilelessness. Her temperament would appear to be suitable for work as a courier, or possibly propaganda.

After three aborted attempts to fly from Tempsford airfied, Byck parachuted into France on the night of 8/9 April 1944 with three other SOE agents: Captain Stanisław Makowski, Captain C. S. Hudson - who was her CO until de Vomecourt arrived by plane - and Captain G. D. Jones. She worked on the SOE Ventriloquist Circuit as the wireless operator and to train any wireless operators recruited locally and inform London with the details about these new recruits so they could be given code names and status. Byck was additionally tasked with establishing post-boxes for contact should wireless transmission break down. Her codename was Violette.^{[citation needed]}

Byck lodged at a safe house in the town of Salbris owned by French Resistant Antoine Vincent. She sent her transmissions back to England from a shed behind a garage in Limoges where German trucks and cars came in for repairs.^[2] While at this location, she aroused the suspicion of a German soldier, but by the time the local Gestapo returned Byck had moved to a new location. She changed her cover story, posing as a Parisian secretary on sick leave; to disguise her night time activities sending messages though to London, she said she had to take medicine every few hours even at night. She later moved again to the home of a blacksmith in Vernou.^{[citation needed]}

Death

Byck was working extremely hard sending her transmissions, so it was no surprise when she started to look pale and was tired. However when she collapsed at the blacksmith's house and lost consciousness, it was decided she required urgent medical attention. De Vomécourt took her to a Doctor known to the Resistance as safe; he diagnosed meningitis and told them that hospitalisation was her only chance. This posed a problem as the Germans kept a check on hospital admissions and scrutinised the papers of all people entering. It was decided that the cover story was Byck and de Vomécourt (as her uncle) were evacuees from Paris. Byck was admitted to Romorantin Hospital which was run by nuns. She was given a lumbar puncture, but very shortly afterwards she died on 23 May 1944, aged 25.^{[citation needed]}

She was buried in Romorantin and for many years her grave was tended by the local people. The townsfold of Romorantin commemorated the Anniversary of her death as a heroine of the Resistance. Later, her grave was moved to the Pornic War Cemetery, France with the other dead from the British services.^{[citation needed]}

Legacy

Muriel Byck was posthumously Mentioned in Despatches for her conduct, and she is commemorated on the Knightsbridge and Valençay memorials as well as the war memorial at the Lycee Francais in Kensington.

References

• Squadron Leader Beryl E. Escott, Mission Improbable: A salute to the RAF women of SOE in wartime France, London, Patrick Stevens Limited, 1991. ISBN 1-85260-289-9
• Liane Jones, A Quiet Courage: Women Agents in the French Resistance, London, Transworld Publishers Ltd, 1990. ISBN 0-593-01663-7
• Muriel Byck profile on the SOE Role of Honour
• Martin Sugarman (AJEX Archivist), Daughters of Yael; Muriel Byck and Denise Bloch

Notes

1. ^ Muriel Tamara Byck - SOE Roll Of Honour
2. ^ Liane Jones, A Quiet Courage: Women Agents in the French Resistance, London, Transworld Publishers Ltd, 1990. ISBN 0-593-01663-7

Persondata
Name	Byck, Muriel Tamara
Alternative names
Short description	Female WWII spy
Date of birth	4 June 1918
Place of birth	Ealing, London, England, UK
Date of death	23 May 1944
Place of death	Romorantin, France