Christopher Dock

Bench and desk from the Germantown school of Christopher Dock

Christopher Dock (c. 1698 – 1771) was a Mennonite educator.

Biography

He immigrated to the United States by 1714, becoming a teacher at Skippack in Philadelphia County, Pennsylvania (present-day Montgomery County, Pennsylvania) by 1718. After teaching for ten years, he turned primarily to farming, and bought 100 acres (0.40 km²) in Salford Township in 1735. Three years later, he returned to teaching and continued as a schoolmaster until his death late in 1771, when he failed to return home from the Skippack school. He was found there on his knees, where it had been his habit to pray for his students.

He wrote, in German, the earliest known teaching methods text in the U.S., Schul-Ordnung (School Management), a book on general pedagogy. The book was completed on August 8, 1750,^[1] but was not published until 1769.^[2] It was written through the efforts of Christopher Saur of Germantown, a printer whose son Christopher was a student of Dock's. He was so impressed with Dock's teaching style, which was becoming well known, that he asked him to write a guide so that others who taught children could benefit as well. Saur's son printed and published the guide.

Methods

Contrary to the harsh methods common in some colonial schools, Dock preferred to use gentler techniques. He sought to build character in his students, using persuasion, discussion, and positive peer pressure to encourage the highest standards of behavior among them. He disciplined poor behavior and attitudes with thoughtfulness and understanding, seeking to make the punishment suitable to the student as well as to the infraction being addressed.

Dock was a practitioner of fraktur, the Pennsylvania Dutch folk art named after the fraktur typeface. Christopher Dock gave his students little illustrations of a bird or a flower, as well as "Vorschriften" (writing lessons), as rewards.

Legacy

The Christopher Dock Mennonite High School, in Lansdale, Pennsylvania, is named for him.

Notes

1. ^ Dictionary of American Biography
2. ^ American Eras, Vol 3.

References

• "Christopher Dock." American Eras, Volume 3: The Revolutionary Era, 1754-1783. Gale Research, 1998. Reproduced in Biography Resource Center. Farmington Hills, Michigan: Gale, 2008 Document Number: K2438000307
• Thomas Woody (1930). "Dock, Christopher". Dictionary of American Biography. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons.  Reprinted as Dictionary of American Biography Base Set, Biography Resource Center, Farmington Hills, Michigan: Gale, 2008.

Further reading

• Christopher Dock, Colonial Schoolmaster: The Biography and Writings of Christopher Dock by Gerald C. Studer. 1967.

Reissued by Herald Press, 1993. ISBN 0-8361-3644-6

• Skippack School: Being the Story of Eli Shrawder and of one Christopher Dock, Schoolmaster about the year 1750 by Marguerite de Angeli. 1939. Illustrated children's book, ages 9–12.

Reissued by Mennonite Publishing, 1999. ISBN 978-0836191240

• "The Gift is Small the Love is Great" by Frederick S. Weiser.
• Brumbaugh, Martin G. (1908). The life and works of Christopher Dock. Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott Co. http://books.google.com/books?id=iZegAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA1.  Contains a facsimile copy of the Schul-Ordnung and English translations of all of Christopher Dock's literary remains.
• Samuel W. Pennypacker (1883). "Christopher Dock". Historical and Biographical Sketches. Philadelphia: Robert A. Tripple. pp. 89–153. http://www.archive.org/details/historicalbiogra01penn.  Contains English translations of the Schul-Ordnung, a list of 100 rules and a hymn.

External links

• Dock, Christopher (d. 1771) at Global Anabaptist Mennonite Encyclopedia Online
• Christopher Dock - History

Fraktur by Christopher Dock

Schrift by Jacob Harley (student of Christopher Dock)

Persondata
Name	Dock, Christopher
Alternative names
Short description
Date of birth	1698
Place of birth
Date of death	1771
Place of death