DRAP1

DR1-associated protein 1 (negative cofactor 2 alpha)
PDB rendering based on 1jfi.
Available structures PDB 1jfi
Identifiers
Symbols	DRAP1; NC2-alpha
External IDs	OMIM: 602289 MGI: 1913806 HomoloGene: 4703 GeneCards: DRAP1 Gene
Gene Ontology Molecular function • DNA binding • sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity • transcription corepressor activity • transcription factor binding • sequence-specific DNA binding Cellular component • intracellular • nucleus Biological process • negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter • transcription, DNA-dependent Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	10589	66556
Ensembl	ENSG00000175550	ENSMUSG00000024914
UniProt	Q14919	Q4FJW2
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_006442	NM_024176.1
RefSeq (protein)	NP_006433	NP_077138.1
Location (UCSC)	Chr 11: 65.69 – 65.69 Mb	Chr 19: 5.42 – 5.42 Mb
PubMed search	[1]	[2]

Dr1-associated corepressor is a protein that in humans is encoded by the DRAP1 gene.^[1][2]

Transcriptional repression is a general mechanism for regulating transcriptional initiation in organisms ranging from yeast to humans. Accurate initiation of transcription from eukaryotic protein-encoding genes requires the assembly of a large multiprotein complex consisting of RNA polymerase II and general transcription factors such as TFIIA, TFIIB, and TFIID. DR1 is a repressor that interacts with the TATA-binding protein (TBP) of TFIID and prevents the formation of an active transcription complex by precluding the entry of TFIIA and/or TFIIB into the preinitiation complex. The protein encoded by this gene is a corepressor of transcription that interacts with DR1 to enhance DR1-mediated repression. The interaction between this corepressor and DR1 is required for corepressor function and appears to stabilize the TBP-DR1-DNA complex.^[2]

Interactions

DRAP1 has been shown to interact with FOXH1^[3] and DR1.^[1][4]

References

1. ^ ^{a b} Mermelstein F, Yeung K, Cao J, Inostroza JA, Erdjument-Bromage H, Eagelson K, Landsman D, Levitt P, Tempst P, Reinberg D (May 1996). "Requirement of a corepressor for Dr1-mediated repression of transcription". Genes Dev 10 (8): 1033–48. doi:10.1101/gad.10.8.1033. PMID 8608938. 
2. ^ ^{a b} "Entrez Gene: DRAP1 DR1-associated protein 1 (negative cofactor 2 alpha)". http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=10589. 
3. ^ Iratni, Rabah; Yan Yu-Ting, Chen Canhe, Ding Jixiang, Zhang Yi, Price Sandy M, Reinberg Danny, Shen Michael M (Dec. 2002). "Inhibition of excess nodal signaling during mouse gastrulation by the transcriptional corepressor DRAP1". Science (United States) 298 (5600): 1996–9. doi:10.1126/science.1073405. PMID 12471260. 
4. ^ Yeung, K; Kim S, Reinberg D (Jan. 1997). "Functional dissection of a human Dr1-DRAP1 repressor complex". Mol. Cell. Biol. (UNITED STATES) 17 (1): 36–45. ISSN 0270-7306. PMC 231727. PMID 8972183. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=231727. 

Further reading

• Goppelt A, Stelzer G, Lottspeich F, Meisterernst M (1996). "A mechanism for repression of class II gene transcription through specific binding of NC2 to TBP-promoter complexes via heterodimeric histone fold domains.". EMBO J. 15 (12): 3105–16. PMC 450253. PMID 8670811. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=450253. 
• Yeung K, Kim S, Reinberg D (1997). "Functional dissection of a human Dr1-DRAP1 repressor complex.". Mol. Cell. Biol. 17 (1): 36–45. PMC 231727. PMID 8972183. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=231727. 
• Ikeda K, Halle JP, Stelzer G, et al. (1998). "Involvement of negative cofactor NC2 in active repression by zinc finger-homeodomain transcription factor AREB6.". Mol. Cell. Biol. 18 (1): 10–8. PMC 121442. PMID 9418848. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=121442. 
• Castaño E, Gross P, Wang Z, et al. (2000). "The C-terminal domain-phosphorylated IIO form of RNA polymerase II is associated with the transcription repressor NC2 (Dr1/DRAP1) and is required for transcription activation in human nuclear extracts.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 97 (13): 7184–9. doi:10.1073/pnas.140202297. PMC 16520. PMID 10852970. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=16520. 
• Kamada K, Shu F, Chen H, et al. (2001). "Crystal structure of negative cofactor 2 recognizing the TBP-DNA transcription complex.". Cell 106 (1): 71–81. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(01)00417-2. PMID 11461703. 
• Iratni R, Yan YT, Chen C, et al. (2003). "Inhibition of excess nodal signaling during mouse gastrulation by the transcriptional corepressor DRAP1.". Science 298 (5600): 1996–9. doi:10.1126/science.1073405. PMID 12471260. 
• Denko N, Wernke-Dollries K, Johnson AB, et al. (2003). "Hypoxia actively represses transcription by inducing negative cofactor 2 (Dr1/DrAP1) and blocking preinitiation complex assembly.". J. Biol. Chem. 278 (8): 5744–9. doi:10.1074/jbc.M212534200. PMID 12477712. 
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=139241. 
• Leonard D, Ajuh P, Lamond AI, Legerski RJ (2003). "hLodestar/HuF2 interacts with CDC5L and is involved in pre-mRNA splicing.". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 308 (4): 793–801. doi:10.1016/S0006-291X(03)01486-4. PMID 12927788. 
• Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, et al. (2004). "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMC 528928. PMID 15489334. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=528928. 
• Klejman MP, Pereira LA, van Zeeburg HJ, et al. (2004). "NC2alpha interacts with BTAF1 and stimulates its ATP-dependent association with TATA-binding protein.". Mol. Cell. Biol. 24 (22): 10072–82. doi:10.1128/MCB.24.22.10072-10082.2004. PMC 525489. PMID 15509807. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=525489. 
• Lewis BA, Sims RJ, Lane WS, Reinberg D (2005). "Functional characterization of core promoter elements: DPE-specific transcription requires the protein kinase CK2 and the PC4 coactivator.". Mol. Cell 18 (4): 471–81. doi:10.1016/j.molcel.2005.04.005. PMID 15893730. 
• Stelzl U, Worm U, Lalowski M, et al. (2005). "A human protein-protein interaction network: a resource for annotating the proteome.". Cell 122 (6): 957–68. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2005.08.029. PMID 16169070. 
• Rual JF, Venkatesan K, Hao T, et al. (2005). "Towards a proteome-scale map of the human protein-protein interaction network.". Nature 437 (7062): 1173–8. doi:10.1038/nature04209. PMID 16189514. 
• Assmann EM, Alborghetti MR, Camargo ME, Kobarg J (2006). "FEZ1 dimerization and interaction with transcription regulatory proteins involves its coiled-coil region.". J. Biol. Chem. 281 (15): 9869–81. doi:10.1074/jbc.M513280200. PMID 16484223. 
• Lim J, Hao T, Shaw C, et al. (2006). "A protein-protein interaction network for human inherited ataxias and disorders of Purkinje cell degeneration.". Cell 125 (4): 801–14. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2006.03.032. PMID 16713569. 
• Albert TK, Grote K, Boeing S, et al. (2007). "Global distribution of negative cofactor 2 subunit-alpha on human promoters.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 104 (24): 10000–5. doi:10.1073/pnas.0703490104. PMC 1891239. PMID 17548813. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=1891239.