NEIL1

Nei endonuclease VIII-like 1 (E. coli)
PDB rendering based on 1tdh.
Available structures PDB 1tdh
Identifiers
Symbols	NEIL1; FLJ22402; FPG1; NEI1; hFPG1
External IDs	OMIM: 608844 MGI: 1920024 HomoloGene: 11616 GeneCards: NEIL1 Gene
EC number	4.2.99.18
Gene Ontology Molecular function • damaged DNA binding • DNA-(apurinic or apyrimidinic site) lyase activity • protein C-terminus binding • zinc ion binding • hydrolase activity, acting on glycosyl bonds • lyase activity • DNA N-glycosylase activity Cellular component • nucleus • cytoplasm Biological process • base-excision repair • nucleotide-excision repair • response to oxidative stress • negative regulation of nuclease activity Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	79661	72774
Ensembl	ENSG00000140398	ENSMUSG00000032298
UniProt	Q96FI4	Q8K4Q6
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_024608	NM_028347.2
RefSeq (protein)	NP_078884	NP_082623.1
Location (UCSC)	Chr 15: 75.64 – 75.65 Mb	Chr 9: 56.99 – 57 Mb
PubMed search	[1]	[2]

Endonuclease VIII-like 1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the NEIL1 gene.^[1][2]

NEIL1 belongs to a class of DNA glycosylases homologous to the bacterial Fpg/Nei family. These glycosylases initiate the first step in base excision repair by cleaving bases damaged by reactive oxygen species and introducing a DNA strand break via the associated lyase reaction (Bandaru et al., 2002).[supplied by OMIM]^[2]

References

1. ^ Hazra TK, Izumi T, Boldogh I, Imhoff B, Kow YW, Jaruga P, Dizdaroglu M, Mitra S (Mar 2002). "Identification and characterization of a human DNA glycosylase for repair of modified bases in oxidatively damaged DNA". Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 99 (6): 3523–8. doi:10.1073/pnas.062053799. PMC 122556. PMID 11904416. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=122556. 
2. ^ ^{a b} "Entrez Gene: NEIL1 nei endonuclease VIII-like 1 (E. coli)". http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=79661. 

Further reading

• Takao M, Kanno S, Kobayashi K, et al. (2003). "A back-up glycosylase in Nth1 knock-out mice is a functional Nei (endonuclease VIII) homologue.". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (44): 42205–13. doi:10.1074/jbc.M206884200. PMID 12200441. 
• Morland I, Rolseth V, Luna L, et al. (2002). "Human DNA glycosylases of the bacterial Fpg/MutM superfamily: an alternative pathway for the repair of 8-oxoguanine and other oxidation products in DNA.". Nucleic Acids Res. 30 (22): 4926–36. doi:10.1093/nar/gkf618. PMC 137166. PMID 12433996. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=137166. 
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=139241. 
• Bandaru V, Sunkara S, Wallace SS, Bond JP (2003). "A novel human DNA glycosylase that removes oxidative DNA damage and is homologous to Escherichia coli endonuclease VIII.". DNA Repair (Amst.) 1 (7): 517–29. doi:10.1016/S1568-7864(02)00036-8. PMID 12509226. 
• Dou H, Mitra S, Hazra TK (2004). "Repair of oxidized bases in DNA bubble structures by human DNA glycosylases NEIL1 and NEIL2.". J. Biol. Chem. 278 (50): 49679–84. doi:10.1074/jbc.M308658200. PMID 14522990. 
• Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, et al. (2004). "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.". Nat. Genet. 36 (1): 40–5. doi:10.1038/ng1285. PMID 14702039. 
• Katafuchi A, Nakano T, Masaoka A, et al. (2004). "Differential specificity of human and Escherichia coli endonuclease III and VIII homologues for oxidative base lesions.". J. Biol. Chem. 279 (14): 14464–71. doi:10.1074/jbc.M400393200. PMID 14734554. 
• Bandaru V, Cooper W, Wallace SS, Doublié S (2005). "Overproduction, crystallization and preliminary crystallographic analysis of a novel human DNA-repair enzyme that recognizes oxidative DNA damage.". Acta Crystallogr. D Biol. Crystallogr. 60 (Pt 6): 1142–4. doi:10.1107/S0907444904007929. PMID 15159582. 
• Doublié S, Bandaru V, Bond JP, Wallace SS (2004). "The crystal structure of human endonuclease VIII-like 1 (NEIL1) reveals a zincless finger motif required for glycosylase activity.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 101 (28): 10284–9. doi:10.1073/pnas.0402051101. PMC 478564. PMID 15232006. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=478564. 
• Wiederhold L, Leppard JB, Kedar P, et al. (2004). "AP endonuclease-independent DNA base excision repair in human cells.". Mol. Cell 15 (2): 209–20. doi:10.1016/j.molcel.2004.06.003. PMID 15260972. 
• Shinmura K, Tao H, Goto M, et al. (2005). "Inactivating mutations of the human base excision repair gene NEIL1 in gastric cancer.". Carcinogenesis 25 (12): 2311–7. doi:10.1093/carcin/bgh267. PMID 15319300. 
• Mokkapati SK, Wiederhold L, Hazra TK, Mitra S (2004). "Stimulation of DNA glycosylase activity of OGG1 by NEIL1: functional collaboration between two human DNA glycosylases.". Biochemistry 43 (36): 11596–604. doi:10.1021/bi049097i. PMID 15350146. 
• Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, et al. (2004). "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMC 528928. PMID 15489334. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=528928. 
• Zhang QM, Yonekura S, Takao M, et al. (2005). "DNA glycosylase activities for thymine residues oxidized in the methyl group are functions of the hNEIL1 and hNTH1 enzymes in human cells.". DNA Repair (Amst.) 4 (1): 71–9. doi:10.1016/j.dnarep.2004.08.002. PMID 15533839. 
• Das A, Hazra TK, Boldogh I, et al. (2005). "Induction of the human oxidized base-specific DNA glycosylase NEIL1 by reactive oxygen species.". J. Biol. Chem. 280 (42): 35272–80. doi:10.1074/jbc.M505526200. PMID 16118226. 
• Rual JF, Venkatesan K, Hao T, et al. (2005). "Towards a proteome-scale map of the human protein-protein interaction network.". Nature 437 (7062): 1173–8. doi:10.1038/nature04209. PMID 16189514. 
• Ocampo-Hafalla MT, Altamirano A, Basu AK, et al. (2006). "Repair of thymine glycol by hNth1 and hNeil1 is modulated by base pairing and cis-trans epimerization.". DNA Repair (Amst.) 5 (4): 444–54. doi:10.1016/j.dnarep.2005.12.004. PMID 16446124. 
• Broderick P, Bagratuni T, Vijayakrishnan J, et al. (2006). "Evaluation of NTHL1, NEIL1, NEIL2, MPG, TDG, UNG and SMUG1 genes in familial colorectal cancer predisposition.". BMC Cancer 6: 243. doi:10.1186/1471-2407-6-243. PMC 1624846. PMID 17029639. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=1624846. 
• Katafuchi A, Matsubara M, Terato H, et al. (2007). "Damage specificity of human DNA glycosylases for oxidative pyrimidine lesions.". Nucleic Acids Symp Ser (Oxf) 48 (48): 175–6. doi:10.1093/nass/48.1.175. PMID 17150535.