- Kalmati
Kalmati is a Baloch tribe in Balochistan,
Pakistan .History
The Kalmati (Kalmathi) is a
Baloch tribe of they use as KalmatiBaloch for their identification. This tribe belongs the son of Mir Jalalan and Mir Hoath. WhenHoath tribe ruling onKech Makran on that time some Kalmati people settled themselves in Kalmat Bandar (Kalmat Port) is situated near toPasni Port coastal area ofBalochistan . In about 12th Century, the Kalmati as proved their identification from Tehs Banadar (Tehs Port Western Part ofBalochistan ) toShah Bandar (Shah Port)Sindh . Today the Kalmati tribe live inChah Bahar (Iran ),Dasht,Palliree,Jiwani ,Baho ,Dashtiyari ,Gwadar ,Pasni ,Hub besides inSindh province such asMalir ,Gadap Town andLyari (Karachi ),Matyari ,Tando Adam , Hyderabad andThatta .The Kalmati tribe settled in Karachi has it own fame and identification because they are well settled then other tribes of Baloch nation. Kalmati as engaged by profession in cultivation, own business and better education comparing to other Baloch tribes. The famous graveyard called “Chokandi” (Quoted from” A Study of Stone Craved Graves” written by Kaleem Lashari) situated in Gadap Town, Bin Qasim Town Karachi, Hub (Balochistan) and District Thatta (Sindh) related to this tribe. These graveyards have their own historical stories which reflect the Kalmati tribe’s braveness and loyalty. If history is known then it shows in the regime ofTalpur s, Kalmati andNizamani has assigned for the security ofKarachi . In2 February 1839 , when two Britain Military Ships (HINA & WALES) has arrived inKarachi Port (Manora ). there was a bigFort on that time inKarachi . InManora the British Army has challenged the Kalmati tribe to evacuate the Port and surrender their arms in favour of British military forces. The Kalmati Baloch tribe force Commander has totally refused to excavate the Port and surrenders the weapons. The Commander loudly announced that “I am a Baloch I prepare to be a Martyr for the nation then to surrender.”Historical Conflicts affecting the Kalmati
The Portuguese
In the 15th Century, the Portuguese captured many parts of
India andOman and has planned to proceed the coastal area ofMakran Balochistan . The Portuguese attackedMakran under the leadership ofVasco de Gama but in the supervision of CommanderMir Ismaheel every time Portuguese has been defeated by theBaloch army. Almost one or two times Portuguese has looted and set fire on the coastal Villages but they became failed to capture coastal area ofMakran Balochistan .Mir Ismaheel has collected too many weapons from Portuguese out of two still lying near the Central Jail ofGwadar but heirless. The grave ofMir Ismaheel is also situated near the Mountain of BATALGwadar Balochistan , the same was constructed byMir Ismaheel himself in his own life. He was died in 873Hijri (Islamic Calendar ) as per history it is quoted thatMir Ismaheel also married with ShahfiArab lady in Malbar.After
Mir Ismaheel 's regime his nephewMir Hammal Khan son ofMir Jihand Khan Kalmati, became the ruler ofMakran . In the regime ofMir Hammal Khan , the Portuguese also attacked many times under the Commandership of "Lowess Dee Almia" every time they defeated. After such defeat in many times, Lowess Dee Almia did a fact withMir Hammal Khan one of the clause of fact was that "Lowess Dee Almia" will not attack toMakran coastal area. But it was a just fraud from Portuguese they breaked the fact and attackedMir Hammal Khan when he was with some friends on his on way in the sea. After the attack Portuguese has kidnappedMir Hammal Khan to unidentified place. As per history it is known that "STATUE" ofMir Hammal Khan is lying in an island museumGoha inIndia the same constructed by Portuguese, Mr. R. Huges Buller has wrote in his bookMAKRAN KALMATIS that theFort and a well is still situated near toGwadar Balochistan calledGAZDAN . The snatched weapons from the Portuguese as been also seen in 1904 inPasni PortBalochistan .Portuguese not only attacked
Gwadar they also attacked Tehs Bandar (Tehs Port). At that timeMir Kareem Dad lateeg was the Chief ofTehs Port.Mir Kareem Dad Kalmati has been killed with his 44 soldiers.Resistance in Sindh
In the regime of Mughal the lateeg tribe was in full power from
Hub Balochistan to Keti Bandar (Keti Port)Sindh . When Mughals defeated Portuguese from "Ran Kach" the felt some danger from Kalmti tribe. First of all they planned to break of powers they ordered to local Sardars (Chiefs) to be rulers of them as both wereBaloch that is why the plan ofAkbar (KING) has not been succeeded. On the second side the lateeg tribe was consisted about 20000, brave army. WhenAkbar (King) failed in his planned he gifted agricultural land inChachkan (Sindh )in 1654, whenOrangzaib (King) failed that Kalmati are going to be rebels he gifted agricultural land inSakro (Thatta ) which exist also today. In the same time the Kalmati tribe has did alliances with otherBaloch tribes, from Shah Bandar (Sindh ) toHub (Balochistan ) they madeBaloch confederacy it was too powerful as they ruled on Mountains and Sea. The traders used roads and Sea routes make trade inHindustan the Kalmati Sardar as charged Rs.9600 per Year as per taxes from Mughal rulers.There was still resistance in
Sindh it is difficult to write it here these all such stories has been quoted in a book called (Jang Namo) written by Dr.Nabi Bux Khan Baloch a renowned history writer fromSindh .Attacks of Arghoons
When
Mirza Saleh Baig became ruler he was touchered Kalmati tribe and made false cases to them. A person namelyMUREED when he heard thatArghoon rulers has killed his relatives, then he swear that he will never wear traditional turban (PAGREE) before he killMirza Saleh Baig . At that timeMureed was inGujrat and he reached inThatta , one day he saw thatMirza Saleh Baig is patrolling in theThatta City with his protocol staff.Mureed has hidden a knife in a paper and he asked theMirza Saleh Baig that I am the victim and need justice, the ruler stopped his horse and get down as soon he got down,Mureed as killed him. And Mureed then also killed by the protocol staff on the spot. It was a difficult time for all theBaloch tribes particularly Kalmatis andLashari s.War with Kalhoros
In the regime of Mia Yar
Muhammad Kalhoro has attacked onMalir with his 18000 troops the reason was all the tribes as paid taxes toKalhora government but the Kalmati tribe was the only tribe refused for the payment of such taxes.Kalhora government has asked the Kalmati tribe has decied to handover 30Camel s or cost of same toKalhora government in every Year. At that time aCamel has price of 10 rupees. But theKalhora government demanded for 50Camel s per Year. It took a long discussion as theKalhora demanded 50Camel s but the Kalmati was not ready to pay for the cost of 50Camel s. They walkout the same sitting in the peak time of lunch and Kalmatis left the sitting the ruler has sent a messenger to them to take the lunch, some one told the messenger that (We are not hungry, feed the ruler as he is more hungry then us). Kalmatis returned toMalir area under the leadership ofMalik Hyder Kalmati. Mia YarMuhammad kalhoro has consulted with his advisers that Kalmatis has not taken the lunch it is my insult so he planned to attack on Kalmati tribe with his 18000 troops under the Command of Mr. Alam KhanJamali . Here inMalir Kalmati tribe became knew thatKalhora government is planning to attackMalir they has shifted their Cattle , Ladies and Kids to a place calledLat Koh (Lat Mountain) which is situated betweenGadap andKon Kor . As battle started the troops ofKalhora was in power and defeated the Kalmati tribe and the remaining people as settled themselves inLat Koh . When Mia YarMuhammad Kalhoro died, the people who not migrated fromLat Koh are calledLati orLateeg .War with British Soldiers
In the regime of
Kalhora when the British entered inSindh they planning to captureSindh , then all theBaloch s ofSindh became the challenge to British troops theTalpur s as conveyed a message to Kalmati tribe that there is no need to come inHyderabad, Sindh but be inKarachi and make alliance with other tribes to face the British troops but the other tribes has not make coalition to get rid of British troops.Chakar bin Nothak
As the British were powerful and were ruling half world it was impossible to face their troops, that is why
Baloch making started gorilla war against British troops. After the capturingKarachi the British troops had built Military Cantt inRam Bagh . On every Sunday the left forManghopir (Situated inGadap Town inKarachi )for picnic. When British troops go toMango Pir stream on that day the local people were not allowed to visit stream. One dayChakar Bin Nothak belongs to Kalmati tribe was standing with his some friends and asked them that {We are the owner of stream and this is our land it is better to die that we are not allowed to get water from such stream), he has gathered some other persons with him and attacked British troops in this attack a British Army Officer called Captain Hound has been killed along with other soldiers. The British army has demanded to Chief of Kalmati tribe to handover the Chakar to them with this promise that after arrest he will be given a nominal punishmenty and will be released. Chakar was a refugee inKalat Balochistan he got messages from his relatives that the British army has promised that they will not be assissinated the Chakar, but we do not believe on their promise now it depends on you. After a long term the British army has arrested Chakar and he was hanged in Dalmia, Mujahid Colony Mountain where there is a British Army Camp. When Chakar was asked as for last wish the Chakar told them he maybe hanged, without making any blindness to his eyes as he wish to see his Mother Land till his last breath, then Chakar has been hanged according to his on wish. The tribunals which sentenced death punishment to Chakar, the Judge penal was consisted with a person named Nahoo Mal. It was the first punishment to death inSindh by British Army.Notable Members of the Kalmati tribe
There are too many respected and renowned persons has been in Kalmati tribe throughout the
Pakistan including IraniBalochistan and other places. In coastal area ofMakran Balochistan such as Sheh Musa (Late). Sheh Chiragh (Late), Sheh Hassan (Late), Mir Hammal Jihand (Who defeated to Portuguese under the Commandership of Lowess Dee Almia), Shams Ul Haq (Naib Nazim Tehsil Council Jiwani), Muhammad Rustom Baloch (District Attorney Gwadar), Engineer Daood Baloch (Deputy Director GPA), Mir Abdul Ghafoor Kalmati (Ex. MPA ofBalochistan Assembly and now District NazimGwadar ) Mir Hammal Kalmati (Minister for Fishries) and countless persons.indh province: Karachi
In Sindh such has great and famous leader of an MPA
Sindh AssemblyShaheed Abdullah Murad , Haji Dad RahimBaloch (Late), Haji Dad Muhammad (Late) (Ex. Chairman Thano Union Council), Waja Mulla Essa (Late), Mulla Faiz MuhammadBaloch (Late), Chakar KhanBaloch (Late), Haji Mian DadBaloch (Late), Haji Murad JaffarBaloch (Late), Shaheed Hanif Hammal, Haji Saleh MuhammadBaloch (Ex. Member of District CouncilKarachi ), Haji Nazeer AhmedBaloch (Ex. Chairman Thano Union Council & Member of District CouncilKarachi ), Muhammad KhalilBaloch (Ex. Ececutive of a Local Bank), Mulla Ghulam Rasool(G.RBaloch ), Dr. AmanullahBaloch , Dr. Naseer uddin Noor, Dr. Fazal AhmedBaloch , Haji Nabi BuxBaloch ,Jamal Nasir (Deputy District Attorney District Court Malir), Gul Hassan Kalmati (TMO Gadap Town & Famous Sindhi Writer), Salman Abdullah Murad (Special Assistant To Chief Minister Sindh)Matyari, Tando Adam, Hyderabad
Likewise in above places Haji Juma Khan
Baloch (Late), Haji Muhammad IsmaheelBaloch (Late), Haji Sher MuhammadBaloch (Late), Haji MuhammadBaloch (Late), Haji Faiz MuhammadBaloch (Late), Haji Gul MuhammadBaloch , Haji Karim BuxBaloch , Jan MuhammadBaloch , Dad MuhammadBaloch and Muhammad AkramBaloch (Nazim Union Council Udero Lal Station DistrictMatyari )Thatta
Professor Dr. Abdul Kareem Baloch (Sindh University), Haji Shah Dad
Baloch (Late),Sardar Malik Luqman Kalmati (Ex. MPA ofSindh Assembly)and Malik Yousuf Kalmati.Special thanks to all management staff of Syed Hashimi Reference Liberary (MALIR KARACHI)
Data Collected and Composed By: **ASHFAQUE AHMED BALOCH** ...(Malir Karachi)...
References
*cite book| last =Lashari| first =Kaleem | authorlink =| coauthors =| title =A study of stone carved graves| publisher =Kaleem Lashari for Sindh Exploration and Adventure Society| date =1996| location =Karachi, Pakistan| pages =| url =| doi =| id = [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/36891967&referer=brief_results OCLC: 36891967] | isbn =
*cite book| last =Hughes Buller| first =Ralph| authorlink =| coauthors =| title =Makran Kalmatis| publisher =| date =| location =| pages =| url =| doi =| id =| isbn =
*cite book| last =Baloch| first =Nabi Bux Khan| authorlink =| coauthors =| title =Jang Namo| publisher =| date =| location =| pages =| url =| doi =| id =| isbn =
*cite book| last =Baig| first =Mirza Qalich| authorlink =| coauthors =| title =Qadeem Sindh| publisher =| date =| location =| pages =| url =| doi =| id =| isbn =
*cite book| last =Hameeduddin| first =Dr| authorlink =| coauthors =| title =History of Islam| publisher =| date =| location =| pages =| url =| doi =| id =| isbn =
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