Indo-Saracenic

Indo-Saracenic (from Saracen, an archaic name for Muslims used by the British), also known as "Indo-Gothic", was a style of architecture used by British architects in the late 19th century in India. It drew elements from native Indian architecture, and combined it with the Gothic revival style favoured in Victorian Britain.

Background

When the British first came to India, they considered themselves the legitimate rulers of India rather than its conquerors, so they sought to justify their presence by relating themselves to the previous rulers, the Mughals. By doing this they kept elements of British and European architecture, while adding Indian characteristics; this, coupled with the British allowing some regional Indian princes to stay in power, made their presence more 'palatable' for the Indians. The British tried to encapsulate India's past within their own buildings and so represent Britain’s Raj as legitimately Indian, while at the same time constructing a modern India of railways, colleges, and law courts.

Characteristics

As mentioned before, it is fundamentally British with Indian characteristics including
* onion (bulbous) domes
* overhanging eaves
* pointed arches, cusped arches, or scalloped arches
* vaulted roofs
* domed kiosks
* many miniature domes
* domed chhatris
* pinnacles
* towers or minarets
* harem windows
* open pavilions or pavilions with Bangala roofs
* pierced open arcading The chief proponents of this style of architecture were Robert Fellowes Chisholm, Charles Mant, Henry Irwin, William Emerson, George Wittet and Frederick Stevens.

Buildings built in this style were usually grand public buildings such as clock towers, courthouses, civic and municipal buildings, government colleges, town halls, railway stations, museums and art galleries.

In India

In Pakistan

In the United Kingdom