Imperial Chinese Navy

The Chinese Imperial Navy came into existence from 1132 during the Song Dynasty to the end of the Qing period in 1912. Prior to 12th century, Chinese naval ships were not organized into a uniform force. After 1911, it was replaced by the Republic of China Navy and then the People's Liberation Army Navy after 1949.

Ranks

• Admiral (Tidu)
• Fleet Commander
• Squadron Commander

Ship types

Pre-19th Century ships were wood and of various sizes.

• fu po (warship) - 19th C ships
• hai hu or sea hawks
• combat junks
• lou chuan - ships of the Ming dynasty
• mengchong or covered swoopers (蒙衝): leather-covered assault warship - ships of the Three Kingdoms period
• river boats - Song Dynasty
• tower ships
• yu ting or patrol boats
• zhan xian or combat junks
• zou ge or flying barques

Following the First Opium War, the Qing improved their naval fleet with modern ships from Europe:

• Battleships
• Cruisers
• Corvettes

Bases

• Dinghai - as Admiralty HQ during the 12th Century
• Canton (now Guangzhou) - fleet base of the Qing navy in the late 19th Century
• Foochow Arsenal, near Fuzhou (1866—1884) - fleet base of the Qing navy and naval yard and School of Naval Administration in the late 19th Century; ancient shipbuilding centre
• Shanghai - fleet base of the Qing navy in the late 19th Century
• Tianjin - fleet base of the Qing navy in the late 19th Century and home to the Tianjing Naval Academy
• Liugong Island (1888) - birthplace of the Qing navy and base from 1888 to 1898; later served as Royal Navy base until 1930
• Weihaiwei - naval port; served as Royal Navy base from 1898 until 1930

Fleets

• Beiyang Fleet - North Sea Fleet based from Tianjin established 1875
• Nanyang Fleet - South Sea Fleet based from Shanghai
• Guangdong Fleet - based from Canton (now Guangzhou)
• Fujian Fleet - based from Fuzhou

See also

• Naval history of China

References

• China: Its History and Culture
• Liugong-a historical tiny isle
• Naval Warfare and Refraction of China's Self-Strengthening Reforms into Scientific and Technological Failure - 1860-1895