- Swertia
-
Swertia Swertia perennis Scientific classification Kingdom: Plantae (unranked): Angiosperms (unranked): Eudicots (unranked): Asterids Order: Gentianales Family: Gentianaceae Genus: Swertia
L.Type species Swertia perennis L. Species 120-150, See text.
Synonyms Kingdon-Wardia C. Marquand
Ophelia D. Don
Pleurogyne Eschsch. ex Griseb.
Swertopsis Makino
Synallodia Raf.
Tesseranthium Kellogg
Probable synonyms
Anagallidium Griseb.
Possible synonyms
Frasera Walter
Lomatogoniopsis T. N. Ho & S. W. Liu
Sources: GRIN,[1] ING,[2] NHM[3]Swertia is a genus in the gentian family containing plants sometimes referred to as the felworts. Some species bear very showy purple and blue flowers.
Plants of genus Frasera are sometimes considered part of this genus, sometimes as a separate genus, and sometimes as synonymous.
Contents
Selected species
- Swertia albicaulis (Griseb.) Kuntze
- Swertia albomarginata (S. Watson)
- Swertia angustifolia Buch.-Ham. ex D. Don
- Swertia bimaculata (Siebold & Zucc.) C. B. Clarke
- Swertia bimaculata (Siebold & Zucc.) Hook. f. & Thoms.
- Swertia calcicola Kerr.
- Swertia caroliniensis (Walter) Kuntze
- Swertia chinensis (Griseb.) Franch.
- Swertia diluta (Turcz.) Benth. & Hook. f.
- Swertia chirayita (Roxb. ex Fleming) H. Karst.
- Swertia chirata (Wall.) C. B. Clarke
- Swertia ciliata (D. Don ex G. Don) B. L. Burtt.
- Swertia coloradensis C. M. Rogers
- Swertia dilatata C. B. Clarke
- Swertia fastigiata Pursh
- Swertia hookeri C. B. Clarke
- Swertia japonica (Roem. & Schult.) Makino
- Swertia leducii Franch.
- Swertia mileensis T. N. Ho & W. L. Shih
- Swertia macrosperma C. B. Clarke
- Swertia multicaulis D. Don
- Swertia neglecta (H.M. Hall) Jeps.
- Swertia nervosa (G. Don) C. B. Clarke
- Swertia paniculata Torr.
- Swertia parryi (Torr.) Kuntze
- Swertia perennis L.
- Swertia puberulenta (Davidson) Jeps.
- Swertia punicea Hemsl.
- Swertia purpurascens (D. Don) A. Wall ex E. D. Clarke
- Swertia radiata (Kellogg) Kuntze, (syn Frasera speciosa)
- Swertia striata Collett & Hemsl.
- Swertia tibetica Batal.
- Swertia tongluensis Burkill
- Swertia tubulosa (Coville) Jeps.
Chemical constituents
It contains main chemicals sawertiamarine, mangeferin and amarogenitine[5]1,5, 8-trihydroxy-3-methoxyxanthone, 1-hydroxyl-2, 3, 5, 7-tetramethoxyxanthone, 1-hydroxyl-3, 5, 8-trimethoxyxanthone, 1-hydroxyl-2, 3, 4, 6-tetramethoxyxanthone, 1-hydroxyl-2, 3, 4, 7-tetramethoxyxanthone, 1,8-dihydroxy-3, 5-dimethoxyxanthone, 1, 7-dihydroxy-3, 8-dimethoxyxanthone, 1, 3, 5, 8-tetrahydroxyxanthone , balanophonin, oleanolic acid, maslinic acid, and sumaresinolic acid[6]
Swerilactones from Swertia mileensis showed anti-hepatitis B virus activity in vitro[7]
Medicinal Use
It is used in mainly including gall and liver disorders and these active constituents, especially mangiferin, have been found separately or collectively to have hepatoprotective hypoglycemic, anti-inflammatory , antioxidative, antitubercular and antifungal activities together with various ther pharmacological properties.[8]
References
- ^ a b Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN) (2004-09-23). "Genus: Swertia". Taxonomy for Plants. USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program, National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/genus.pl?11742. Retrieved 2008-05-16.
- ^ "Index Nominum Genericorum database". International Code of Botanical Nomenclature. Smithsonian Institution. 1978. http://botany.si.edu/ing/INGsearch.cfm?searchword=Swertia. Retrieved 2008-05-16.
- ^ "Linnaean Name: Swertia perennis Linnaeus". The Linnaean Plant Name Typification Project. Natural History Museum. http://internt.nhm.ac.uk/jdsml/research-curation/projects/linnaean-typification/detail.dsml?ID=870100. Retrieved 2008-05-16.
- ^ Porcher, Michel H.; et al. (2004). "Sorting Swertia names". Multilingual Multiscript Plant Name Database. The University of Melbourne. http://www.plantnames.unimelb.edu.au/Sorting/Swertia.html. Retrieved 2008-05-16.
- ^ Journal of Ethnopharmacology 98 (2005) 31–35
- ^ Li XS, Jiang ZY, Wang FS, Ma YB, Zhang XM, Chen JJ "Chemical constituents from herbs of Swertia mileensis" Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 2008 Dec;33(23):2790-3
- ^ Geng CA, Zhang XM, Ma YB, Luo J, Chen JJSwerilactones L-O, secoiridoids with C₁₂ and C₁₃ skeletons from Swertia mileensis. J Nat Prod. 2011 Aug 26;74(8):1822-5
- ^ Variation of active constituents of an important Tibet folk medicine Huiling Yang, Chenxu Ding, Yuanwen Duan, Jianquan Liu
External links
Media related to Swertia at Wikimedia Commons
Categories:
Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.