Exessive case

Exessive case

The exessive case is a grammatical case that denotes a transition away from a state. It is a rare case found in certain dialects of Baltic-Finnic languages. It completes the series of "to/in/from a state" series consisting of the translative case, the essive case and the exessive case.

Finnish

The exessive is found only in Savo and southeastern dialects; speakers from other regions do not recognise it. Its ending is "-nta/ntä". For example, "tärähtäneentä terveeksi" = "from loony to healthy", or a state change from mental illness to mental health. In its locative sense it is somewhat common and generally understood in some nonstandard forms, for example "takaanta"/"takanta" (from behind, standard Finnish "takaa"), "siintä" (from that/it, standard Finnish "siitä").

Estonian

In the general pattern of the loss of a final vowel when compared to Finnish, the Estonian exessive ending is "-nt". For example, "tagant" = from behind (something).

Literature

* Särkkä, Tauno: Itämerensuomalaisten kielten eksessiivi ("The exessive case of the Baltic-Finnic languages"), Helsinki 1969.

External links

* [http://www.kotus.fi/index.phtml?s=1029 A Finnish text on the dialectal exessive]


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