Council of Scientific and Industrial Research

This article is about the Indian industrial R&D organization. For other research organizations with similar names, see CSIR (disambiguation).

Council of Scientific and Industrial Research
Established	1942
Chairman	Prime Minister of India
Director General	Prof. Samir K. Brahmachari
Staff	17,432[1]
Budget	1750 crores
Location	Anusandhan Bhwan, Rafi Marg New Delhi-110 001.
Website	www.csir.res.in

Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) established in 1942, is an autonomous body and India's largest Research and Development (R&D) organization, with 39 laboratories and 50 field stations or extension centers spread across the nation, with a collective staff of over 17,000.^[1] Although CSIR is mainly funded by the Ministry of Science and Technology, it operates as an autonomous body registered under the Registration of Societies Act of 1860.^[2]

The research and development activities of CSIR includes various fields such as aerospace engineering, Structural engineering, ocean sciences, molecular biology, metallurgy, chemicals, mining, food, petroleum, leather, and environment.^[2] In December 2006, Director General of CSIR, Raghunath A. Mashelkar, retired following which M. K. Bhan took over the post, but he was relieved on 7 March 2007. After that T. Ramasami had the additional charge of Director General of CSIR until Samir K. Brahmachari was appointed as the Director General on 13 November 2007.

In late 2007, the Minister of Science and Technology, Kapil Sibal admitted, in a Question Hour session of the Parliament, that CSIR has developed 1,376 technologies/knowledgebase during the last decade of 20th century.^[3]

CSIR Achievements

• Achieved the first breakthrough of flowering of Bamboo within weeks as against twenty years in nature.^[4]
• First to analyze genetic diversity of the indigenous tribes of Andaman and to establish their origin out of Africa 60,000 years ago.^{[citation needed]}
• Developed the first transgenic Drosophila model for drug screening for cancer in humans.^{[citation needed]}
• First to introduce DNA fingerprinting in India.^{[citation needed]}
• Helped India to be the first Pioneer Investor under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea.^{[citation needed]}
• Invented the first ever only once a week non-steroidal family planning pill in the world by the name of Saheli.^{[citation needed]}
• Designed India's first ever parallel processing computer Flosolver.^[5]
• Partnered more than 50,000 companies with turnover ranging from Rs 5 lakhs to Rs 500,000 crores.^{[citation needed]}
• Rejuvenated India's one hundred year old refinery at Digboi using the most modern molecular distillation technology.^{[citation needed]}
• Provided the critical technology for the NMP Lube Extraction Plant of capacity of 2,50,000 tonnes per year.^{[citation needed]}
• Development of a versatile portable PC-based software 'Bio-Suite' for bioinformatics.^{[citation needed]}
• Design of 14 seater plane 'SARAS'.^[6]
• Established first ever in the world 'Traditional Knowledge Digital Library' accessible in in five international languages, English, German, French, Japanese and Spanish.^[7]
• Remained in Top 3 in the list of PCT patent applications amongst all developing countries.^{[citation needed]}
• Topped list of holders of U.S. patents.^{[citation needed]}
• Successfully challenged the grant of patent in the USA for use of haldi (turmeric) for wound healing and neem as insecticide.^{[citation needed]}
• In 2009, the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) has completed the Human Genome Sequencing.^[8]

Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize for Science and Technology

Main article: Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize for Science and Technology

The Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar (SSB) Prizes are awarded annually by the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) for notable and outstanding research, applied or fundamental, in Biological, Chemical, Earth, Atmosphere, Ocean and Planetary, Engineering, Mathematical, Medical and Physical Sciences.

Research Laboratories under CSIR

1. AMPRI - Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute, Bhopal
2. C-MMACS - CSIR Centre for Mathematical Modelling and Computer Simulation, Bangalore
3. CBRI - CSIR-Central Building Research Institute, Roorkee (Visit www.cbri.res.in)
4. CCMB- Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad
5. CDRI - Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow
6. CECRI- Central Electro Chemical Research Institute, Karaikudi
7. CEERI - Central Electronics Engineering Research Institute, Pilani [1]
8. CFRI - Central Fuel Research Institute, Dhanbad
9. CFTRI - Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore
10. CGCRI - Central Glass and Ceramic Research Institute, Kolkata
11. CIMAP - Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow
12. CLRI - Central Leather Research Institute, Chennai
13. CMERI - Central Mechanical Engineering Research Institute, Durgapur
14. CMRI - Central Mining Research Institute, Dhanbad
15. CRRI - Central Road Research Institute, New Delhi
16. CSIO - Central Scientific Instruments Organisation, Chandigarh
17. CSMCRI - Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Bhavnagar [2]
18. IGIB - Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Delhi [3]
19. IHBT - Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur
20. IICB - Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata
21. IICT - Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad
22. IIP - Indian Institute of Petroleum, Dehradun
23. IMT - Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh
24. IITR - Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow (Formerly known as Industrial Toxicology Research Centre)
25. NAL - National Aerospace Laboratories, Bangalore
26. NBRI - National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow
27. NCL - National Chemical Laboratory, Pune
28. NEERI - National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nagpur
29. NGRI - National Geophysical Research Institute, Hyderabad
30. NIO - National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula
31. NISCAIR - National Institute of Science Communication and Information Resources, New Delhi
32. NISTADS - National Institute of Science, Technology and Development Studies, New Delhi
33. NML - National Metallurgical Laboratory, Jamshedpur
34. NPL - National Physical Laboratory, New Delhi
35. RRL, Bhubaneshwar - Regional Research Laboratory, Bhubaneshwar [4] (Now known as Institute of Minerals and Materials Technology-www.immt.res.in)
36. RRL, Jammu - Regional Research Laboratory, Jammu [5]
37. NEIST (RRL), Jorhat - North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat , Jorhat [6]
38. National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology - Thiruvananthapuram
39. SERC, M - Structural Engineering Research Centre, Chennai

See also

• Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize for Science and Technology
• Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad
• Central Electro Chemical Research Institute (CECRI), Karaikudi
• Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore
• Forest Research Institute, Dehradun
• National Centre for Biological Sciences, Bangalore
• National Physical Laboratory (NPL), New Delhi
• Regional Research Laboratory, Thiruvananthapuram
• Telecommunication Engineering Center, New Delhi
• IISER

References

1. ^ ^{a b} About us - 2007
2. ^ ^{a b} CSIR Web site
3. ^ Minster of S&T claims India made 1,300-odd inventions in a decade
4. ^ Angier, Natalie (1990-03-22). "Bamboo Coaxed to Flower in Lab; Global Impact on the Crop Is Seen". New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/1990/03/22/science/bamboo-coaxed-to-flower-in-lab-global-impact-on-the-crop-is-seen.html. Retrieved 2009-07-11. 
5. ^ National Aeronautics Laboratory, India (2008). "Flosolver Division". Brief description of the history of the NAL Flosolver Division and its current work. http://www.nal.res.in/pdf/divisions/div08%2010.pdf. Retrieved 2009-07-11. 
6. ^ R. Guruprasad, National Aeronautics Laboratory, India (2004). "The Saga of Saras: Part 1". [PD IM 0407] History and details of the inception and development of Saras. http://www.nal.res.in/pdf/saga-main.pdf. Retrieved 2009-07-11. 
7. ^ "CSIR chief stress on non-patent literature database". Business Line. 23 September 2000. http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/2000/09/23/stories/142339aq.htm. 
8. ^ http://abclive.in/abclive_health/csir_human_genome_sequencing.html

External links

• Official website
• Major Achievements of CSIR