Akutan, Alaska

Akutan, Alaska

Infobox Settlement
official_name = Akutan, Alaska
settlement_type = City
nickname =
motto =



imagesize =
image_caption =


image_



mapsize = 250px
map_caption = Location of Akutan, Alaska


mapsize1 =
map_caption1 =

subdivision_type = Country
subdivision_name = United States
subdivision_type1 = State
subdivision_name1 = Alaska
subdivision_type2 = Borough
subdivision_name2 = Aleutians East
government_footnotes =
government_type =
leader_title =
leader_name =
leader_title1 =
leader_name1 =
established_title =
established_date =

area_magnitude =
area_footnotes =
area_total_km2 = 48.9
area_land_km2 = 36.3
area_water_km2 = 12.6
area_total_sq_mi = 18.9
area_land_sq_mi = 14
area_water_sq_mi = 4.9

population_as_of = 2007
population_footnotes =cite web|url=http://www.census.gov/popest/cities/tables/SUB-EST2007-04-02.csv|title=Annual Estimates of the Population for Incorporated Places in Alaska|publisher=United States Census Bureau|date=2008-07-10|accessdate=2008-07-14]
population_total = 749

timezone = Alaska (AKST)
utc_offset = -9
timezone_DST = AKDT
utc_offset_DST = -8
elevation_footnotes =
elevation_m = 30
elevation_ft = 98
latd = 54 |latm = 8 |lats = 42 |latNS = N
longd = 165 |longm = 48 |longs = 5 |longEW = W

postal_code_type =
postal_code =
area_code = 907
GNIS_id = 1418123
blank_name = FIPS code
blank_info = 02-01090
blank1_name =
blank1_info =
website =
footnotes =

Akutan (ACK-oo-tan) (Achan-ingiiga [Bergsland, K "Aleut Dictionary" Fairbanks: Alaska Native Language Center, 1994] in Aleut) is a 2nd Class City in Aleutians East Borough, Alaska, United States. The population was 713 at the 2000 census.

Geography

Akutan is located at 54|8|42|N|165|48|5|W|city (54.13556, 165.77306) (Sec. 11, T070S, R112W, Seward Meridian).GR|1 Akutan is located in the Aleutian Islands Recording District.

Akutan is located on Akutan Island in the eastern Aleutians, one of the Krenitzin Islands of the Fox Island group. It is 35 miles east of Unalaska, and 766 air miles southwest of Anchorage. Akutan lies in the maritime climate zone, with mild winters and cool summers. Mean temperatures range from 22 to 55 degrees Fahrenheit. Precipitation averages 28 inches per year. High winds and storms are frequent in the winter, and fog is common in the summer.

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 18.9 square miles (48.9 km²), of which, 14.0 square miles (36.3 km²) of it is land and 4.9 square miles (12.6 km²) of it (25.69%) is water.

History and culture

Akutan began in 1878 as a fur storage and trading port for the Western Fur & Trading Company. The company's agent established a commercial cod fishing and processing business that quickly attracted nearby Unangan to the community. A Russian Orthodox church and a school were built in 1878. Alexander Nevsky Chapel was built in 1918 to replace the original structure. The Pacific Whaling Company built a whale processing station across the bay from Akutan in 1912. It was the only whaling station in the Aleutians, and operated until 1939. After the Japanese attacked Unalaska in June 1942, the U.S. government evacuated Akutan residents to the Ketchikan area. The village was re-established in 1944, although many villagers chose not to return. This exposure to the outside world brought many changes to the traditional lifestyle and attitudes of the community. The City was incorporated in 1979.

A federally-recognized tribe is located in the community -- the Native Village of Akutan. The population of the community consists of 16.4% Alaska Native or part Native. Akutan is a fishing community, and is the site of a traditional Unangan village. Approximately 75 persons are year-round residents; the majority of the population are transient fish processing workers that live in group quarters. During the 2000 U.S. Census, total housing units numbered 38, and vacant housing units numbered 4. U.S. Census data for Year 2000 showed 97 residents as employed. The unemployment rate at that time was 83.89 percent, although 84.84 percent of all adults were not in the work force. The median household income was $33,750, per capita income was $12,259, and 45.48 percent of residents were living below the poverty level.

Demographics

As of the censusGR|2 of 2000, there were 713 people, 34 households, and 17 families residing in the city. The population density was 50.8 people per square mile (19.6/km²). There were 38 housing units at an average density of 1.0/km² (2.7/sq mi). The racial makeup of the city was 23.56% White, 2.10% Black or African American, 15.71% Native American, 38.57% Asian, 0.28% Pacific Islander, 18.23% from other races, and 1.54% from two or more races. 20.76% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 34 households out of which 20.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 32.4% were married couples living together, 14.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 47.1% were non-families. 38.2% of all households were made up of individuals and 2.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.21 and the average family size was 3.00.

In the city the population was spread out with 3.1% under the age of 18, 11.1% from 18 to 24, 48.2% from 25 to 44, 36.2% from 45 to 64, and 1.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females there were 334.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 342.9 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $33,750, and the median income for a family was $43,125. Males had a median income of $13,988 versus $23,750 for females. The per capita income for the city was $12,258. None of the families and 45.5% of the population were living below the poverty line, including no under eighteens and 40.0% of those over 64.

Public services

Water is supplied by a local stream and dam, originally constructed in 1927. Water is treated and piped into all homes. Funds have been requested to develop two new water catchment dams, and construct a new 125,000-gal. water storage tank and treatment plant. Sewage is piped to a community septic tank, with effluent discharge through an ocean outfall. Refuse is collected three times a week; a new landfill site and incinerator were recently completed. The City recycles aluminum. Trident Seafoods operates its own water, sewer and electric facilities. Electricity is provided by Akutan Electric Utility. There is one school located in the community, attended by 18 students. Local hospitals or health clinics include Anesia Kudrin Memorial Clinic (907-698-2208). Anesia Kudrin Memorial Clinic is a Primary Health Care facility. The clinic is a qualified Emergency Care Center. Akutan is classified as an isolated town/Sub-Regional Center, it is found in EMS Region 2H in the Aleutian/Pribilof Region. Emergency Services have coastal and helicopter access. Emergency service is provided by volunteers and a health aide. There is a nurse practitioner at the Anesia Kudrin clinic, and for much of the year there a physician assistant at the processing plant's occupational medicine/urgent care clinic. Auxiliary health care is provided by Akutan First Responders (907-698-2208/2315); flight to Unalaska or Anchorage.

Transportation is provided by Seaplane, and the State Ferry makes visits in summer weather.

Economy and Transportation

Commercial fish processing dominates Akutan's cash-based economy, and many locals are seasonally employed. Trident Seafoods operates a large processing plant west of the City for cod, crab, pollock and fish meal. The population of Akutan can quadruple or quintuple during processing months. Seven residents hold commercial fishing permits, primarily for halibut and other groundfish. Subsistence foods include seal, salmon, herring, halibut, clams, wild cattle, and game birds.

Boats and amphibious aircraft, or helicopter are the only means of transportation into and out of Akutan. A 200 ft. dock and a small boat mooring basin are available. Plans are underway to develop a large boat harbor; construction will begin in 2004. The State Ferry operates from Kodiak bi-monthly between May and October. Cargo is delivered weekly by freighter from Seattle; the City owns and operates a landing craft, the M/V Akutan. Akutan has no airstrip due to the steep terrain, however, a seaplane base is available and open to the public. Daily air service is provided from nearby Unalaska. High waves may limit accessibility during winter months.Survey work has begun with the ultimate goal being the building of an airport at Akutan. This work is being promoted by the local residents and will benefit the community and business.

Taxes: Sales: None, Property: None, Special: 1% Raw Fish Tax (City); 2% Raw Fish Tax (Borough)

References

External links

* [http://www.commerce.state.ak.us/dca/commdb/CIS.cfm?Comm_Boro_Name=Akutan State of Alaska, Division of Community Advocacy, Community Information Summary]
* [http://www.commerce.state.ak.us/dca/photos/comm_photos.cfm?comm=Akutan State of Alaska, Division of Community Advocacy, Community Photos]


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