- Citarum River
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Citarum River 
Bridge over the Citarum RiverOrigin Mount Wayang, Bandung Regency, West Java Mouth Java Sea, Ujung Karawang, Karawang Regency, West Java, Basin countries Indonesia Length 300 km 
Citarum (Sundanese: Walungan Citarum) is a river in West Java, Indonesia. It has an important role in the life of the people of West Java, as it is used to support agriculture, water supply, fishery, industry, sewerage, electricity etc. There are three Hydroelectric powerplant dams installed along this river; Saguling, Cirata, and Ir. H. Djuanda (Jatiluhur) hydroelectric powerplants, all supplying the electricity for Bandung and Greater Jakarta area. The Jatiluhur Dam with capacity up to 2.5 billion cubic metre is the Indonesian biggest dam in capacity.[1]
The river is heavily polluted by human activity; about five million people live in the basin of the river.[2][3]
In Indonesian history the river is linked with 4th century Tarumanagara kingdom, as the kingdom and the river shared the same etymology, derived from the word "Tarum" (Sundanese for indigo plant). According to stone inscriptions and Chinese sources, also the archaeological sites such as Batujaya and Cibuaya, suggested that the human habitation and civilization has flourished in and around the river estuaries and river valley as early as 4th century and even earlier.
On December 5, 2008, the Asian Development Bank approved a $500 million loan for cleaning up the river, calling it the world's dirtiest.[4]
Revitalization
In November 2011, the river revitalization has been initialised with expected value Rp35 trillion ($4 billion) disbursement in 15 years. The revitalization will be done from Mount Wayang through 8 regency and 3 cities with 180 kilometer lenght. Targeted in the first 3 years will be picked up 10.5 million cubic meters of sedimentation.[5]
References
- ^ http://www.indopos.co.id/index.php/arsip-berita-nasional/34-berita-nasional/14488-genjot-proyek-waduk-jatigede.html
- ^ Richard Shears (5 June 2007). "Is this the world's most polluted river?". Mail Online. http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-460077/Is-worlds-polluted-river.html. Retrieved 24 May 2010.
- ^ Nana Terangna Bukit (1995). "Water quality conservation for the Citarum River in West Java". Water Science and Technology (IWA Publishing) 31 (9): pp 1–10. http://www.iwaponline.com/wst/03109/wst031090001.htm.
- ^ Nancy-Amelia Collins (5 December 2008). "ADB Gives Indonesia $500 Million to Clean Up World's Dirtiest River". voanews.com. http://www1.voanews.com/english/news/a-13-2008-12-05-voa15-66736547.html. Retrieved 24 May 2010.
- ^ "Rehabilitasi Total Sungai Citarum Butuh Rp 35 Triliun dalam Waktu 15 Tahun". November 10, 2011. http://www.pikiran-rakyat.com/node/165108.
External links
- Remote Sensing data application for Citarum River Integrated ManagementPDF (6.29 MiB)
- The 15 most toxic places to live via Mother Nature Network
- Sea of Garbage — pictures of Citarium River pollution
- The Dirtiest River In The World — The Dirtiest River In The World, Photos.
- http://www.citarum.org/ - Bahasa (mainly updated) and English website regarding information on Citarum river recovery effort
- http://citarum.org/knowledge_center/ - You will find information on research, everything from scholarly publications to tool kits for applied research and policy briefs about Citarum River recovery effort. All materials can be freely downloaded from the site
Coordinates: 5°56′09″S 106°59′43″E / 5.9358333°S 106.9952778°E
Java Bengawan Solo River · Brantas River · Cidurian River · Cikandang River · Cilaki River · Ciliwung River · Cimandiri River · Cimanuk River · Cisadane River · Cisanggarung River · Citanduy River · Citarum River · Ciujung River · Ciwulan River · Kalimalang River · Kali Bodri River · Kali Opak River · Kali Pemali River · Kali Sanen River · Kali Serang River · Porong River · Progo River · Serayu River · Widas RiverKalimantan Arut River · Barito River · Kahayan River · Kapuas River · Kapuas (Barito) River · Katingan River · Kayan River · Lamandau River · Landak River · Lawa River · Mahakam River · Melawi River · Mendawai River · Pawan River · Sambas River · Sampit River · Sekayam River · Sesayap River · Wain RiverSulawesi Bongka River · Jeneberang River · Kalaena River · Karama River · Lalindu River · Lariang River · Lasolo River · Mamasa River · Manado River · Marisa River · Paguyaman River · Palu River · Pangkajene River · Poso River · Sadang River · Sampara River · Tallo River · Walanae RiverLesser Sunda Islands Ayung River · Benain River · Kadassa River · Kadumbul River · Melolo River · Mina River · Moyo River · Noel Besi River · Polapare River · Pono River · Sissa River · Sungi River · Wera RiverMaluku and Papua Bian River · Bien River · Bulaka River · Digul River · Kampung River · Kamundan River · Kumbe River · Lorentz River · Mamberamo River · Mapi River · Maro River · Mimika River · Momats River · Muturi River · Pulau River · Seremuk River · Sobger River · Songgato River · Tabai River · Tariku River · Taritatu River · Van Daalen River · Vriendschaps River · Wamma River · Wapoga River · Warenai River · Waruta River · Wiriagar RiverCategories:- West Java
- Rivers of Java
- Java geography stubs
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