Intercolumniation

Intercolumniation
The Four Books of Andrea Palladio's Architecture, London 1738

In architecture, intercolumniation is the spacing between columns in a colonnade, as measured at the bottom of their shafts.[1] In classical, Renaissance, and Baroque architecture, intercolumniation was determined by a system devised by the 1st century BC Roman architect Vitruvius.[2] Vitruvius compiled standard intercolumniations for the three classical Greek orders, expressed in terms of the column diameter,[1] twice the Vitruvian module, and he warned that when columns are placed three column-diameters apart or more, stone architraves break.[3]

Standard intercolumniations

The standard intercolumniations are:[4]

Pycnostyle 
One and a half diameters
Systyle 
Two diameters
Eustyle 
Two and a quarter diameters, considered by Vitruvius to be the best proportion[5]
Diastyle 
Three diameters
Araeostyle 
Four or more diameters, requiring a wooden architrave rather than one of stone
Araeosystyle 
Alternating araeostyle and systyle

See also

References

  1. ^ a b "Intercolumniation". The Columbia Encyclopedia, sixth edition. Columbia University Press. http://www.bartleby.com/65/in/intercol.html. Retrieved 2007-06-03. 
  2. ^ "Intercolumniation". Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9042539/intercolumniation. Retrieved 2007-06-03. 
  3. ^ Vitruvius, De architectura iii.3.4
  4. ^ "Intercolumniation". Webster's Dictionary, 1913. http://machaut.uchicago.edu/CGI-BIN/WEBSTER.sh?word=Intercolumniation. Retrieved 2007-06-03. 
  5. ^ Vitruvius, De architectura, iii.3.6.



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  • Intercolumniation — In ter*co*lum ni*a tion, n. (Arch.) The clear space between two columns, measured at the bottom of their shafts. Gwilt. [1913 Webster] Note: It is customary to measure the intercolumniation in terms of the diameter of the shaft, taken also at the …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • intercolumniation — [in΄tərkə lum΄nē ā′shən] n. 1. the space between two columns, measured from their axes 2. the system of spacing a series of columns …   English World dictionary

  • intercolumniation — intercolumnal, intercolumnar, adj. /in teuhr keuh lum nee ay sheuhn/, n. Archit. 1. the space between two adjacent columns, usually the clear space between the lower parts of the shafts. 2. the system of spacing between columns. [1655 65; < L… …   Universalium

  • intercolumniation — noun Etymology: Latin intercolumnium space between two columns, from inter + columna column Date: 1624 1. the clear space between the columns of a series 2. the system of spacing of the columns of a colonnade …   New Collegiate Dictionary

  • intercolumniation — noun a) The spaces between adjacent columns (of a colonnade) b) The system of such spacing …   Wiktionary

  • intercolumniation —    In architecture, the space or the system of spacing between columns in a colonnade …   Glossary of Art Terms

  • intercolumniation — [ˌɪntəkəlʌmnɪ eɪʃ(ə)n] noun Architecture the distance between adjacent columns. Derivatives intercolumnar adjective …   English new terms dictionary

  • intercolumniation — in·ter·co·lum·ni·a·tion …   English syllables

  • intercolumniation — in•ter•co•lum•ni•a•tion [[t]ˌɪn tər kəˌlʌm niˈeɪ ʃən[/t]] n. archit. 1) the space between two adjacent columns, esp. the clear space between the lower parts of the shafts 2) archit. the system of spacing between columns • Etymology: 1655–65; < …   From formal English to slang

  • intercolumniation — /ɪntəkəˌlʌmniˈeɪʃən/ (say intuhkuh.lumnee ayshuhn) noun 1. the space between two adjacent columns of a building, usually the clear space between the lower parts of the shafts. 2. the system of spacing between columns. {Latin intercolumnium space… …  

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