Fairy Warbler

Fairy Warbler

__NOTOC__Taxobox
name = Fairy Warbler


image size =
image caption =
status = LC
status_system = iucn3.1
regnum = Animalia
phylum = Chordata
classis = Aves
ordo = Passeriformes
familia = Stenostiridae
genus = "Stenostira"
genus_authority = Cabanis & Bonaparte, 1850
species = "S. scita"
binomial = "Stenostira scita"
binomial_authority = (Vieillot, 1818)

The Fairy Warbler or Fairy Flycatcher, "Stenostira scita", is a small passerine bird. Formerly placed in the Old World flycatcher family, Muscicapidae, it is now separated with some other "odd flycatchers" as the new family Stenostiridae (Beresford "et al". 2005, Fuchs "et al." 2006). It is the only member of the genus "Stenostira".

It is an endemic resident breeder in southern Africa in Botswana, South Africa, Lesotho and Namibia, and a vagrant to Zimbabwe and Swaziland.

"Stenostira scita" is a common seasonal migrant, breeding in karoo scrub and fynbos in the southern highlands, and migrating north in to spend the southern winter in thorn scrub at lower altitudes.

Description

The Fairy Warbler is 11-12 cm in length. The adult is pale grey above with a black mask through the eye and a white supercilium. The wings are black with a long white stripe, and the long black tail has white sides. The throat is white, the breast is pale grey, and the belly is white with a pinkish-grey wash to its centre. The sexes are alike, but the juvenile is browner than the adult. The eye is brown and the bill and legs are black.

Behaviour

The Fairy Warbler is monogamous unless its mate dies, when it will seek a new partner. It builds an open cup nest from thin stems and other plant material and lined with plant down. It is placed in the branches of a tree or shrub. The female lays two or three green eggs.

This bird is usually seen alone, in pairs, or small flocks. It feeds on small insects and other invertebrates, foraging in the foliage like a warbler.

References

* Barker, F. Keith; Cibois, Alice; Schikler, Peter A.; Feinstein, Julie & Cracraft, Joel (2004): Phylogeny and diversification of the largest avian radiation. "PNAS" 101(30): 11040-11045. doi|10.1073/pnas.0401892101 [http://www.pnas.org/cgi/reprint/0401892101v1.pdf PDF fulltext] [http://www.pnas.org/cgi/content/full/0401892101/DC1 Supporting information]

* Database entry includes justification for why this species is of least concern

* Del Hoyo, J.; Elliot, A. & Christie D. (editors). (2006). Handbook of the Birds of the World. Volume 12: Picathartes to Tits and Chickadees. Lynx Edicions. ISBN 9788496553422

* Fuchs, J.; Fjeldså, J.; Bowie, R. C. K.; Voelker, G. & Pasquet, E. (2006): The African warbler genus "Hyliota" as a lost lineage in the oscine songbird tree: Molecular support for an African origin of the Passerida. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 39(1): 186-197. doi|10.1016/j.ympev.2005.07.020 (HTML fulltext

* Sinclair, Ian; Hockey, Phil & Tarboton, Warwick R. (2002): "SASOL Birds of Southern Africa". Struik, Capetown ISBN 1-86872-721-1

External links

* [http://www.thekruger.com/stenostirascita/ Species account, Kruger National Park website]


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