List of birds of the Democratic Republic of Congo

This is a list of the bird species recorded in the Democratic Republic of Congo. The avifauna of the Democratic Republic of Congo includes a total of 1185 species, of which 21 are endemic, 1 has been introduced by humans, and 3 are rare or accidental. 32 species are globally threatened. This country has the greatest avian biodiversity of any African country.

This list's taxonomic treatment (designation and sequence of orders, families, and species) and nomenclature (common and scientific names) follow the conventions of Clements's 5th edition. The family accounts at the beginning of each heading reflects this taxonomy, as do the species counts found in each family account. Introduced and accidental species are included in the total counts for the Democratic Republic of Congo.

The following tags have been used to highlight certain relevant categories. It must be noted that not all species fall into one of these categories. Those that do not are commonly occurring, native species.

* (A) Accidental A species that rarely or accidentally occurs in the Democratic Republic of Congo.
* (E) Endemic A species endemic to the Democratic Republic of Congo.
* (I) Introduced A species introduced to the Democratic Republic of Congo as a consequence, direct or indirect, of human actions.

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Grebes

Order: PodicipediformesFamily: Podicipedidae

Grebes are small to medium-large sized freshwater diving birds. They have lobed toes, and are excellent swimmers and divers. However, they have their feet placed far back on the body, making them quite ungainly on land. There are 20 species worldwide and 2 species which occur in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

*Little Grebe "Tachybaptus ruficollis"
*Great Crested Grebe "Podiceps cristatus"

torm-Petrels

Order: ProcellariiformesFamily: Hydrobatidae

The storm-petrels are relatives of the petrels, and are the smallest of sea-birds. They feed on planktonic crustaceans and small fish picked from the surface, typically while hovering. The flight is fluttering and sometimes bat-like. There are 21 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

*Wilson's Storm-Petrel "Oceanites oceanicus"

Tropicbirds

Order: PelecaniformesFamily: Phaethontidae

Tropicbirds are slender white birds of tropical oceans, with exceptionally long central tail feathers. Their heads and long wings have black markings. There are 3 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

*Red-billed Tropicbird "Phaethon aethereus"

Pelicans

Order: PelecaniformesFamily: Pelecanidae

Pelicans are large water birds with a distinctive pouch under the beak. As with other members of the order Pelecaniformes, they have webbed feet with four toes. There are 8 species worldwide and 2 species which occur in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

*Great White Pelican "Pelecanus onocrotalus"
*Pink-backed Pelican "Pelecanus rufescens"

Boobies and Gannets

Order: PelecaniformesFamily: Sulidae

The sulids comprise the gannets and boobies. Both groups comprise medium-to-large coastal sea-birds that plunge-dive for fish. There are 9 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

*Cape Gannet "Morus capensis"

Cormorants

Order: PelecaniformesFamily: Phalacrocoracidae

The Phalacrocoracidae is a family of medium-to-large coastal, fish-eating sea-birds that includes cormorants and shags. Plumage colouration varies with the majority having mainly dark plumage, some species being black and white, and a few being colourful. There are 38 species worldwide and 2 species which occur in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

*Great Cormorant "Phalacrocorax carbo"
*Long-tailed Cormorant "Phalacrocorax africanus"

Darters

Order: PelecaniformesFamily: Anhingidae

Darters are frequently referred to as "snake-birds" because of their long thin neck, which gives a snake-like appearance when they swim with their bodies submerged.The males have black and dark brown plumage, an erectile crest on the nape and a larger bill than the female. The females have a much paler plumage especially on the neck and underparts. The darters have completely webbed feet, and their legs are short and set far back on the body. Their plumage is somewhat permeable, like that of cormorants, and they spread their wings to dry after diving. There are 4 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

*Darter "Anhinga melanogaster"

Frigatebirds

Order: PelecaniformesFamily: Fregatidae

Frigatebirds are large sea-birds usually found over tropical oceans. They are large, black and white or completely black, with long wings and deeply-forked tails. The males have inflatable coloured throat pouches. They do not swim or walk, and cannot take off from a flat surface. Having the largest wingspan to body weight ratio of any bird, they are essentially aerial, able to stay aloft for more than a week. There are 5 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

*Ascension Island Frigatebird "Fregata aquila"

Bitterns, Herons and Egrets

Order: CiconiiformesFamily: Ardeidae

The family Ardeidae contains the bitterns, herons and egrets. Herons and egrets are medium to large sized wading birds with long necks and legs. Bitterns tend to be shorter necked and more wary. Unlike other long-necked birds suck as storks, ibises and spoonbills, members of Ardeidae fly with their necks retracted. There are 61 species worldwide and 20 species which occur in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

*Gray Heron "Ardea cinerea"
*Black-headed Heron "Ardea melanocephala"
*Goliath Heron "Ardea goliath"
*Purple Heron "Ardea purpurea"
*Great Egret "Ardea alba"
*Slaty Egret "Egretta vinaceigula" (A)
*Black Heron "Egretta ardesiaca"
*Intermediate Egret "Egretta intermedia"
*Little Egret "Egretta garzetta"
*Squacco Heron "Ardeola ralloides"
*Madagascar Pond-Heron "Ardeola idae"
*Rufous-bellied Heron "Ardeola rufiventris"
*Cattle Egret "Bubulcus ibis"
*Striated Heron "Butorides striata"
*Black-crowned Night-Heron "Nycticorax nycticorax"
*White-backed Night-Heron "Gorsachius leuconotus"
*White-crested Bittern "Tigriornis leucolophus"
*Little Bittern "Ixobrychus minutus"
*Dwarf Bittern "Ixobrychus sturmii"
*Great Bittern "Botaurus stellaris"

Hammerkop

Order: CiconiiformesFamily: Scopidae

The Hammerkop is a medium-sized bird with a long shaggy crest. The shape of its head with a curved bill and crest at the back is reminiscent of a hammer, hence its name. Its plumage is a drab brown all over.

*Hamerkop "Scopus umbretta"

torks

Order: CiconiiformesFamily: Ciconiidae

Storks are large, long-legged, long-necked, wading birds with long, stout bills. Storks are mute; bill-clattering is an important mode of stork communication at the nest. Their nests can be large and may be reused for many years. Many species are migratory. There are 19 species worldwide and 8 species which occur in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

*Yellow-billed Stork "Mycteria ibis"
*African Openbill "Anastomus lamelligerus"
*Black Stork "Ciconia nigra"
*Abdim's Stork "Ciconia abdimii"
*Woolly-necked Stork "Ciconia episcopus"
*White Stork "Ciconia ciconia"
*Saddle-billed Stork "Ephippiorhynchus senegalensis"
*Marabou Stork "Leptoptilos crumeniferus"

hoebill

Order: CiconiiformesFamily: Balaenicipididae

The Shoebill is a large bird related to the storks. It derives its name from its massive shoe-shaped bill.

*Shoebill "Balaeniceps rex"

Ibises and Spoonbills

Order: CiconiiformesFamily: Threskiornithidae

The Threskiornithidae is a family of large terrestrial and wading birds which includes the ibises and spoonbills. They have long, broad wings with 11 primary and about 20 secondary feathers. They are strong fliers and despite their size and weight, very capable soarers. There are 36 species worldwide and 7 species which occur in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

*Sacred Ibis "Threskiornis aethiopicus"
*Olive Ibis "Bostrychia olivacea"
*Spot-breasted Ibis "Bostrychia rara"
*Hadada Ibis "Bostrychia hagedash"
*Glossy Ibis "Plegadis falcinellus"
*Eurasian Spoonbill "Platalea leucorodia"
*African Spoonbill "Platalea alba"

Flamingos

Order: PhoenicopteriformesFamily: Phoenicopteridae

Flamingos are gregarious wading birds, usually 3 to 5 feet high, found in both the Western and Eastern Hemispheres. They are more numerous in the latter. Flamingos filter-feed on shellfish and algae. Their oddly-shaped beaks are specially adapted to separate mud and silt from the food they consume, and are uniquely used upside-down. There are 6 species worldwide and 2 species which occur in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

*Greater Flamingo "Phoenicopterus roseus"
*Lesser Flamingo "Phoenicopterus minor"

Ducks, Geese and Swans

Order: AnseriformesFamily: Anatidae

The family Anatidae includes the ducks and most duck-like waterfowl, such as geese and swans. These are birds that are modified for an aquatic existence with webbed feet, flattened bills and feathers that are excellent at shedding water due to an oily coating. There are 131 species worldwide and 23 species which occur in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

*Fulvous Whistling-Duck "Dendrocygna bicolor"
*White-faced Whistling-Duck "Dendrocygna viduata"
*White-backed Duck "Thalassornis leuconotus"
*Egyptian Goose "Alopochen aegyptiacus"
*Spur-winged Goose "Plectropterus gambensis"
*Comb Duck "Sarkidiornis melanotos"
*Hartlaub's Duck "Pteronetta hartlaubii"
*African Pygmy-goose "Nettapus auritus"
*African Black Duck "Anas sparsa"
*Eurasian Wigeon "Anas penelope"
*Gadwall "Anas strepera"
*Eurasian Teal "Anas crecca"
*Cape Teal "Anas capensis"
*Yellow-billed Duck "Anas undulata"
*Northern Pintail "Anas acuta"
*Red-billed Duck "Anas erythrorhyncha"
*Hottentot Teal "Anas hottentota"
*Garganey "Anas querquedula"
*Cape Shoveler "Anas smithii"
*Northern Shoveler "Anas clypeata"
*Southern Pochard "Netta erythrophthalma"
*Tufted Duck "Aythya fuligula"
*Maccoa Duck "Oxyura maccoa"

Osprey

Order: FalconiformesFamily: Pandionidae

The Pandionidae family contains only one species, the Osprey. The Osprey is a medium large raptor which is a specialist fish-eater with a worldwide distribution.

*Osprey "Pandion haliaetus"

Hawks, Kites and Eagles

Order: FalconiformesFamily: Accipitridae

Accipitridae is a family of birds of prey and include hawks, eagles, kites, harriers and Old World vultures. These birds have powerful hooked beaks for tearing flesh from their prey, strong legs, powerful talons, and keen eyesight. There are 233 species worldwide and 57 species which occur in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

*African Cuckoo-Hawk "Aviceda cuculoides"
*European Honey-buzzard "Pernis apivorus"
*Bat Hawk "Macheiramphus alcinus"
*Black-shouldered Kite "Elanus caeruleus"
*Black Kite "Milvus migrans"
*African Fish-Eagle "Haliaeetus vocifer"
*Palm-nut Vulture "Gypohierax angolensis"
*Hooded Vulture "Necrosyrtes monachus"
*Lammergeier "Gypaetus barbatus"
*Egyptian Vulture "Neophron percnopterus"
*White-backed Vulture "Gyps africanus"
*Rueppell's Griffon "Gyps rueppellii"
*Cape Griffon "Gyps coprotheres"
*Lappet-faced Vulture "Torgos tracheliotus"
*White-headed Vulture "Trigonoceps occipitalis"
*Beaudouin's Snake-Eagle "Circaetus beaudouini"
*Black-breasted Snake-Eagle "Circaetus pectoralis"
*Brown Snake-Eagle "Circaetus cinereus"
*Banded Snake-Eagle "Circaetus cinerascens"
*Bateleur "Terathopius ecaudatus"
*Congo Serpent-Eagle "Dryotriorchis spectabilis"
*Western Marsh-Harrier "Circus aeruginosus"
*African Marsh-Harrier "Circus ranivorus"
*Pallid Harrier "Circus macrourus"
*Montagu's Harrier "Circus pygargus"
*African Harrier-Hawk "Polyboroides typus"
*Lizard Buzzard "Kaupifalco monogrammicus"
*Dark Chanting-Goshawk "Melierax metabates"
*Gabar Goshawk "Micronisus gabar"
*Red-chested Goshawk "Accipiter toussenelii"
*African Goshawk "Accipiter tachiro"
*Chestnut-flanked Sparrowhawk "Accipiter castanilius"
*Shikra "Accipiter badius"
*Levant Sparrowhawk "Accipiter brevipes"
*Red-thighed Sparrowhawk "Accipiter erythropus"
*Little Sparrowhawk "Accipiter minullus"
*Ovampo Sparrowhawk "Accipiter ovampensis"
*Rufous-chested Sparrowhawk "Accipiter rufiventris"
*Black Goshawk "Accipiter melanoleucus"
*Long-tailed Hawk "Urotriorchis macrourus"
*Grasshopper Buzzard "Butastur rufipennis"
*Eurasian Buzzard "Buteo buteo"
*Mountain Buzzard "Buteo oreophilus"
*Red-necked Buzzard "Buteo auguralis"
*Augur Buzzard "Buteo augur"
*Lesser Spotted Eagle "Aquila pomarina"
*Tawny Eagle "Aquila rapax"
*Steppe Eagle "Aquila nipalensis"
*Wahlberg's Eagle "Aquila wahlbergi"
*Verreaux's Eagle "Aquila verreauxii"
*African Hawk-Eagle "Aquila spilogaster"
*Booted Eagle "Aquila pennatus"
*Ayres's Hawk-Eagle "Aquila ayresii"
*Martial Eagle "Polemaetus bellicosus"
*Long-crested Eagle "Lophaetus occipitalis"
*Cassin's Hawk-Eagle "Spizaetus africanus"
*Crowned Hawk-Eagle "Stephanoaetus coronatus"

ecretary-bird

Order: FalconiformesFamily: Sagittariidae

The Secretary-bird is a bird of prey in the order Falconiformes but is easily distinguished from other raptors by it long crane-like legs.

*Secretary-bird "Sagittarius serpentarius"

Caracaras and Falcons

Order: FalconiformesFamily: Falconidae

Falconidae is a family of diurnal birds of prey. They differ from hawks, eagles, and kites in that they kill with their beaks instead of their feet. There are 62 species worldwide and 13 species which occur in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

*Pygmy Falcon "Polihierax semitorquatus"
*Lesser Kestrel "Falco naumanni"
*Eurasian Kestrel "Falco tinnunculus"
*Fox Kestrel "Falco alopex"
*Gray Kestrel "Falco ardosiaceus"
*Dickinson's Kestrel "Falco dickinsoni"
*Red-necked Falcon "Falco chicquera"
*Red-footed Falcon "Falco vespertinus"
*Amur Falcon "Falco amurensis"
*Eurasian Hobby "Falco subbuteo"
*African Hobby "Falco cuvierii"
*Lanner Falcon "Falco biarmicus"
*Peregrine Falcon "Falco peregrinus"

Pheasants and Partridges

Order: GalliformesFamily: Phasianidae

The Phasianidae are a family of terrestrial birds which consists of quails, partridges, snowcocks, francolins, spurfowls, tragopans, monals, pheasants, peafowls and jungle fowls. In general, they are plump (although they may vary in size) and have broad, relatively short wings. There are 156 species worldwide and 18 species which occur in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

*Coqui Francolin "Francolinus coqui"
*White-throated Francolin "Francolinus albogularis"
*Forest Francolin "Francolinus lathami"
*Crested Francolin "Francolinus sephaena"
*Finsch's Francolin "Francolinus finschi"
*Red-winged Francolin "Francolinus levaillantii"
*Shelley's Francolin "Francolinus shelleyi"
*Scaly Francolin "Francolinus squamatus"
*Nahan's Francolin "Francolinus nahani"
*Heuglin's Francolin "Francolinus icterorhynchus"
*Hildebrandt's Francolin "Francolinus hildebrandti"
*Red-necked Francolin "Francolinus afer"
*Handsome Francolin "Francolinus nobilis"
*Common Quail "Coturnix coturnix"
*Harlequin Quail "Coturnix delegorguei"
*Blue Quail "Coturnix adansonii"
*Stone Partridge "Ptilopachus petrosus"
*Congo Peacock "Afropavo congensis" (E)

Guineafowl

Order: GalliformesFamily: Numididae

Guineafowl are a group of African, seed-eating, ground-nesting birds that resemble partridges, but with featherless heads and spangled grey plumage. There are 6 species worldwide and 4 species which occur in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

*Black Guineafowl "Agelastes niger"
*Helmeted Guineafowl "Numida meleagris"
*Plumed Guineafowl "Guttera plumifera"
*Crested Guineafowl "Guttera pucherani"

Buttonquails

Order: GruiformesFamily: Turnicidae

The buttonquails are small, drab, running birds which resemble the true quails. The female is the brighter of the sexes, and initiates courtship. The male incubates the eggs and tends the young. There are 16 species worldwide and 2 species which occur in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

*Small Buttonquail "Turnix sylvatica"
*Hottentot Buttonquail "Turnix hottentotta"

Cranes

Order: GruiformesFamily: Gruidae

Cranes are large, long-legged and long-necked birds. Unlike the similar-looking but unrelated herons, cranes fly with necks outstretched, not pulled back. Most have elaborate and noisy courting displays or "dances". There are 15 species worldwide and 3 species which occur in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

*Gray Crowned-Crane "Balearica regulorum"
*Black Crowned-Crane "Balearica pavonina"
*Wattled Crane "Bugeranus carunculatus"

Rails, Crakes, Gallinules, and Coots

Order: GruiformesFamily: Rallidae

Rallidae is a large family of small to medium-sized birds which includes the rails, crakes, coots, and gallinules. Typically they inhabit dense vegetation in damp environments near lakes, swamps, or rivers. In general they are shy and secretive birds, difficult to observe. Most species have strong legs, and have long toes which are well adapted to soft, uneven surfaces. They tend to have short, rounded wings and be weak fliers. There are 143 species worldwide and 20 species which occur in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

*White-spotted Flufftail "Sarothrura pulchra"
*Buff-spotted Flufftail "Sarothrura elegans"
*Red-chested Flufftail "Sarothrura rufa"
*Chestnut-headed Flufftail "Sarothrura lugens"
*Streaky-breasted Flufftail "Sarothrura boehmi"
*Nkulengu Rail "Himantornis haematopus"
*Gray-throated Rail "Canirallus oculeus"
*African Rail "Rallus caerulescens"
*African Crake "Crecopsis egregia"
*Corn Crake "Crex crex"
*Black Crake "Amaurornis flavirostris"
*Little Crake "Porzana parva"
*Baillon's Crake "Porzana pusilla"
*Spotted Crake "Porzana porzana"
*Striped Crake "Aenigmatolimnas marginalis"
*Purple Swamphen "Porphyrio porphyrio"
*Allen's Gallinule "Porphyrio alleni"
*Common Moorhen "Gallinula chloropus"
*Lesser Moorhen "Gallinula angulata"
*Red-knobbed Coot "Fulica cristata"

ungrebe and Finfoots

Order: GruiformesFamily: Heliornithidae

The Heliornithidae are small family of tropical birds with webbed lobes on their feet similar to those of grebes and coots. There are 3 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

*African Finfoot "Podica senegalensis"

Bustards

Order: GruiformesFamily: Otididae

Bustards are large terrestrial birds mainly associated with dry open country and steppes in the Old World. They are omnivorous and nest on the ground. They walk steadily on strong legs and big toes, pecking for food as they go. They have long broad wings with "fingered" wingtips, and striking patterns in flight. Many have interesting mating displays. There are 26 species worldwide and 3 species which occur in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

*Stanley Bustard "Neotis denhami"
*White-bellied Bustard "Eupodotis senegalensis"
*Black-bellied Bustard "Lissotis melanogaster"

Jacanas

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Jacanidae

The jacanas are a group of tropical waders in the family Jacanidae. They are found worldwide in the Tropics. They are identifiable by their huge feet and claws which enable them to walk on floating vegetation in the shallow lakes that are their preferred habitat. There 8 species worldwide and 2 species which occur in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

*Lesser Jacana "Microparra capensis"
*African Jacana "Actophilornis africanus"

Painted snipe

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Rostratulidae

Painted snipe are short-legged, long-billed birds similar in shape to the true snipes, but more brightly coloured. There are 2 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

*Greater Painted-snipe "Rostratula benghalensis"

Oystercatchers

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Haematopodidae

The oystercatchers are large and noisy plover-like birds, with strong bills used for smashing or prising open molluscs. There are 11 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

*Eurasian Oystercatcher "Haematopus ostralegus"

Avocets and Stilts

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Recurvirostridae

Recurvirostridae is a family of large wading birds, which includes the avocets and the stilts. The avocets have long legs and long up-curved bills. The stilts have extremely long legs and long, thin, straight bills. There are 9 species worldwide and 2 species which occur in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

*Black-winged Stilt "Himantopus himantopus"
*Pied Avocet "Recurvirostra avosetta"

Thick-knees

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Burhinidae

The thick-knees are a group of largely tropical waders in the family Burhinidae. They are found worldwide within the tropical zone, with some species also breeding in temperate Europe and Australia. They are medium to large waders with strong black or yellow black bills, large yellow eyes and cryptic plumage. Despite being classed as waders, most species have a preference for arid or semi-arid habitats. There are 9 species worldwide and 4 species which occur in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

*Water Thick-knee "Burhinus vermiculatus"
*Eurasian Thick-knee "Burhinus oedicnemus"
*Senegal Thick-knee "Burhinus senegalensis"
*Spotted Thick-knee "Burhinus capensis"

Pratincoles and Coursers

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Glareolidae

Glareolidae is a family of wading birds comprising the pratincoles, which have short legs, long pointed wings and long forked tails, and the coursers, which have long legs, short wings and long pointed bills which curve downwards. There are 17 species worldwide and 7 species which occur in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

*Egyptian Plover "Pluvianus aegyptius"
*Temminck's Courser "Cursorius temminckii"
*Bronze-winged Courser "Rhinoptilus chalcopterus"
*Collared Pratincole "Glareola pratincola"
*Black-winged Pratincole "Glareola nordmanni"
*Rock Pratincole "Glareola nuchalis"
*Gray Pratincole "Glareola cinerea"

Plovers and Lapwings

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Charadriidae

The family Charadriidae includes the plovers, dotterels, and lapwings. They are small to medium-sized birds with compact bodies, short, thick necks and long, usually pointed, wings. They are found in open country worldwide, mostly in habitats near water, although there are some exceptions. There are 66 species worldwide and 19 species which occur in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

*Long-toed Lapwing "Vanellus crassirostris"
*Blacksmith Plover "Vanellus armatus"
*Spur-winged Plover "Vanellus spinosus"
*White-headed Lapwing "Vanellus albiceps"
*Senegal Lapwing "Vanellus lugubris"
*Crowned Lapwing "Vanellus coronatus"
*Wattled Lapwing "Vanellus senegallus"
*Brown-chested Lapwing "Vanellus superciliosus"
*Pacific Golden-Plover "Pluvialis fulva"
*Black-bellied Plover "Pluvialis squatarola"
*Common Ringed Plover "Charadrius hiaticula"
*Little Ringed Plover "Charadrius dubius"
*Kittlitz's Plover "Charadrius pecuarius"
*Three-banded Plover "Charadrius tricollaris"
*Forbes's Plover "Charadrius forbesi"
*White-fronted Plover "Charadrius marginatus"
*Snowy Plover "Charadrius alexandrinus"
*Lesser Sandplover "Charadrius mongolus"
*Caspian Plover "Charadrius asiaticus"

andpipers and allies

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Scolopacidae

The Scolopacidae are a large diverse family of small to medium sized shorebirds including the sandpipers, curlews, godwits, shanks, tattlers, woodcocks, snipes, dowitchers and phalaropes. The majority of species eat small invertebrates picked out of the mud or soil. Variation in length of legs and bills enable different species to feed in the same habitat, particularly on the coast, without direct competition for food. There are 89 species worldwide and 24 species which occur in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

*Jack Snipe "Lymnocryptes minimus"
*African Snipe "Gallinago nigripennis"
*Great Snipe "Gallinago media"
*Common Snipe "Gallinago gallinago"
*Black-tailed Godwit "Limosa limosa"
*Bar-tailed Godwit "Limosa lapponica"
*Whimbrel "Numenius phaeopus"
*Eurasian Curlew "Numenius arquata"
*Spotted Redshank "Tringa erythropus"
*Common Redshank "Tringa totanus"
*Marsh Sandpiper "Tringa stagnatilis"
*Common Greenshank "Tringa nebularia"
*Green Sandpiper "Tringa ochropus"
*Wood Sandpiper "Tringa glareola"
*Terek Sandpiper "Xenus cinereus"
*Common Sandpiper "Actitis hypoleucos"
*Ruddy Turnstone "Arenaria interpres"
*Sanderling "Calidris alba"
*Little Stint "Calidris minuta"
*Temminck's Stint "Calidris temminckii"
*Curlew Sandpiper "Calidris ferruginea"
*Dunlin "Calidris alpina"
*Ruff "Philomachus pugnax"
*Red-necked Phalarope "Phalaropus lobatus"

kuas and Jaegers

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Stercorariidae

The family Stercorariidae are, in general, medium to large birds, typically with grey or brown plumage, often with white markings on the wings. They nest on the ground in temperate and arctic regions and are long-distance migrants. There are 7 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

*Parasitic Jaeger "Stercorarius parasiticus"

Gulls

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Laridae

Laridae is a family of medium to large birds seabirds and includes gulls and kittiwakes. They are typically grey or white, often with black markings on the head or wings. They have stout, longish bills and webbed feet. There are 55 species worldwide and 4 species which occur in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

*Herring Gull "Larus argentatus"
*Lesser Black-backed Gull "Larus fuscus"
*Gray-headed Gull "Larus cirrocephalus"
*Black-headed Gull "Larus ridibundus"

Terns

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Sternidae

Terns are a group of generally general medium to large sea-birds typically with grey or white plumage, often with black markings on the head. Most terns hunt fish by diving but some pick insects off the surface of fresh water. Terns are generally long-lived birds, with several species now known to live in excess of 25 to 30 years. There are 44 species worldwide and 12 species which occur in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

*Gull-billed Tern "Sterna nilotica"
*Caspian Tern "Sterna caspia"
*Sandwich Tern "Sterna sandvicensis"
*Royal Tern "Sterna maxima"
*Common Tern "Sterna hirundo"
*Arctic Tern "Sterna paradisaea"
*Little Tern "Sterna albifrons"
*Damara Tern "Sterna balaenarum"
*Whiskered Tern "Chlidonias hybridus"
*White-winged Tern "Chlidonias leucopterus"
*Black Tern "Chlidonias niger"
*Brown Noddy "Anous stolidus"

kimmers

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Rynchopidae

Skimmers are a small family of tropical tern-like birds. They have an elongated lower mandible which they use to feed by flying low over the water surface and skimming the water for small fish. There are 3 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

*African Skimmer "Rynchops flavirostris"

Pigeons and Doves

Order: ColumbiformesFamily: Columbidae

Pigeons and doves are stout-bodied birds with short necks and short slender bills with a fleshy cere. There are 308 species worldwide and 22 species which occur in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

*Rock Pigeon "Columba livia"
*Speckled Pigeon "Columba guinea"
*Afep Pigeon "Columba unicincta"
*Rameron Pigeon "Columba arquatrix"
*White-naped Pigeon "Columba albinucha"
*Bronze-naped Pigeon "Columba iriditorques"
*Lemon Dove "Columba larvata"
*Eurasian Turtle Dove "Streptopelia turtur"
*Dusky Turtle Dove "Streptopelia lugens"
*African Mourning Dove "Streptopelia decipiens"
*Red-eyed Dove "Streptopelia semitorquata"
*Ring-necked Dove "Streptopelia capicola"
*Vinaceous Dove "Streptopelia vinacea"
*Laughing Dove "Streptopelia senegalensis"
*Emerald-spotted Wood Dove "Turtur chalcospilos"
*Black-billed Wood Dove "Turtur abyssinicus"
*Blue-spotted Wood Dove "Turtur afer"
*Tambourine Dove "Turtur tympanistria"
*Blue-headed Wood Dove "Turtur brehmeri"
*Namaqua Dove "Oena capensis"
*Bruce's Green Pigeon "Treron waalia"
*African Green Pigeon "Treron calva"

Parrots, Macaws and allies

Order: PsittaciformesFamily: Psittacidae

Parrots are small to large birds with a characteristic curved beak shape. Their upper mandibles have slight mobility in the joint with the skull and the have a generally erect stance. All parrots are zygodactyl, having the four toes on each foot placed two at the front and two back. There are 335 species worldwide and 8 species which occur in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

*Rose-ringed Parakeet "Psittacula krameri"
*Red-headed Lovebird "Agapornis pullarius"
*Black-collared Lovebird "Agapornis swinderniana"
*Gray Parrot "Psittacus erithacus"
*Brown-necked Parrot "Poicephalus robustus"
*Red-fronted Parrot "Poicephalus gulielmi"
*Meyer's Parrot "Poicephalus meyeri"
*Niam-Niam Parrot "Poicephalus crassus"

Turacos

Order: CuculiformesFamily: Musophagidae

The turacos, plantain eaters and go-away birds make up the bird family Musophagidae. They are medium-sized arboreal birds. The turacos and plantain eaters are brightly coloured birds, usually blue, green or purple. The go-away birds are mostly grey and white. There are 23 species worldwide and 12 species which occur in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

*Great Blue Turaco "Corythaeola cristata"
*Guinea Turaco "Tauraco persa"
*Schalow's Turaco "Tauraco schalowi"
*Black-billed Turaco "Tauraco schuettii"
*White-crested Turaco "Tauraco leucolophus"
*Yellow-billed Turaco "Tauraco macrorhynchus"
*Ruwenzori Turaco "Ruwenzorornis johnstoni"
*Ross's Turaco "Musophaga rossae"
*Bare-faced Go-away-bird "Corythaixoides personatus"
*Gray Go-away-bird "Corythaixoides concolor"
*Western Plantain-eater "Crinifer piscator"
*Eastern Plantain-eater "Crinifer zonurus"

Cuckoos and Anis

Order: CuculiformesFamily: Cuculidae

The family Cuculidae includes cuckoos, roadrunners and anis. These birds are of variable size with slender bodies, long tails and strong legs. Unlike the cuckoo species of the Old World, North American cuckoos are not brood parasites. There are 138 species worldwide and 25 species which occur in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

*Pied Cuckoo "Clamator jacobinus"
*Levaillant's Cuckoo "Clamator levaillantii"
*Great Spotted Cuckoo "Clamator glandarius"
*Thick-billed Cuckoo "Pachycoccyx audeberti"
*Red-chested Cuckoo "Cuculus solitarius"
*Black Cuckoo "Cuculus clamosus"
*Common Cuckoo "Cuculus canorus"
*African Cuckoo "Cuculus gularis"
*Lesser Cuckoo "Cuculus poliocephalus"
*Madagascar Cuckoo "Cuculus rochii"
*Dusky Long-tailed Cuckoo "Cercococcyx mechowi"
*Olive Long-tailed Cuckoo "Cercococcyx olivinus"
*Barred Long-tailed Cuckoo "Cercococcyx montanus"
*Yellow-throated Cuckoo "Chrysococcyx flavigularis"
*Klaas's Cuckoo "Chrysococcyx klaas"
*African Emerald Cuckoo "Chrysococcyx cupreus"
*Dideric Cuckoo "Chrysococcyx caprius"
*Yellowbill "Ceuthmochares aereus"
*Black Coucal "Centropus grillii"
*Black-throated Coucal "Centropus leucogaster"
*Gabon Coucal "Centropus anselli"
*Blue-headed Coucal "Centropus monachus"
*Coppery-tailed Coucal "Centropus cupreicaudus"
*Senegal Coucal "Centropus senegalensis"
*White-browed Coucal "Centropus superciliosus"

Barn owls

Order: StrigiformesFamily: Tytonidae

Barn owls are medium to large sized owls with large heads and characteristic heart-shaped faces. They have long strong legs with powerful talons. There are 16 species worldwide and 3 species which occur in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

*African Grass-Owl "Tyto capensis"
*Barn Owl "Tyto alba"
*Congo Bay-Owl "Phodilus prigoginei" (E)

Typical owls

Order: StrigiformesFamily: Strigidae

Typical owls are small to large solitary nocturnal birds of prey. They have large forward-facing eyes and ears, a hawk-like beak, and a conspicuous circle of feathers around each eye called a facial disk. There are 195 species worldwide and 22 species which occur in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

*Sandy Scops-Owl "Otus icterorhynchus"
*African Scops-Owl "Otus senegalensis"
*European Scops-Owl "Otus scops"
*Southern White-faced Owl "Ptilopsis granti"
*Spotted Eagle-Owl "Bubo africanus"
*Grayish Eagle-Owl "Bubo cinerascens"
*Fraser's Eagle-Owl "Bubo poensis"
*Shelley's Eagle-Owl "Bubo shelleyi"
*Verreaux's Eagle-Owl "Bubo lacteus"
*Akun Eagle-Owl "Bubo leucostictus"
*Pel's Fishing-Owl "Scotopelia peli"
*Vermiculated Fishing-Owl "Scotopelia bouvieri"
*African Wood-Owl "Strix woodfordii"
*Maned Owl "Jubula lettii"
*Pearl-spotted Owlet "Glaucidium perlatum"
*Red-chested Owlet "Glaucidium tephronotum"
*Sjostedt's Owlet "Glaucidium sjostedti"
*African Barred Owlet "Glaucidium capense"
*Chestnut Owlet "Glaucidium castaneum"
*Albertine Owlet "Glaucidium albertinum"
*African Long-eared Owl "Asio abyssinicus"
*Marsh Owl "Asio capensis"

Nightjars

Order: CaprimulgiformesFamily: Caprimulgidae

Nightjars are medium-sized nocturnal birds with long wings, short legs and very short bills that usually nest on the ground. Most have small feet, of little use for walking, and long pointed wings. Their soft plumage is camouflaged to resemble bark or leaves. There are 86 species worldwide and 18 species which occur in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

*Brown Nightjar "Caprimulgus binotatus"
*Eurasian Nightjar "Caprimulgus europaeus"
*Sombre Nightjar "Caprimulgus fraenatus"
*Rufous-cheeked Nightjar "Caprimulgus rufigena"
*Black-shouldered Nightjar "Caprimulgus nigriscapularis"
*Fiery-necked Nightjar "Caprimulgus pectoralis"
*Abyssinian Nightjar "Caprimulgus poliocephalus"
*Montane Nightjar "Caprimulgus ruwenzorii"
*Swamp Nightjar "Caprimulgus natalensis"
*Plain Nightjar "Caprimulgus inornatus"
*Freckled Nightjar "Caprimulgus tristigma"
*Itombwe Nightjar "Caprimulgus prigoginei" (E)
*Bates's Nightjar "Caprimulgus batesi"
*Long-tailed Nightjar "Caprimulgus climacurus"
*Slender-tailed Nightjar "Caprimulgus clarus"
*Square-tailed Nightjar "Caprimulgus fossii"
*Pennant-winged Nightjar "Macrodipteryx vexillarius"
*Standard-winged Nightjar "Macrodipteryx longipennis"

wifts

Order: ApodiformesFamily: Apodidae

Swifts are small aerial birds, spending the majority of their lives flying. These birds have very short legs and never settle voluntarily on the ground, perching instead only on vertical surfaces. Many swifts have long swept-back wings that resemble a crescent or a boomerang. There are 98 species worldwide and 17 species which occur in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

*Scarce Swift "Schoutedenapus myoptilus"
*Schouteden's Swift "Schoutedenapus schoutedeni" (E)
*Mottled Spinetail "Telacanthura ussheri"
*Black Spinetail "Telacanthura melanopygia"
*Sabine's Spinetail "Rhaphidura sabini"
*Cassin's Spinetail "Neafrapus cassini"
*Bat-like Spinetail "Neafrapus boehmi"
*African Palm-Swift "Cypsiurus parvus"
*Alpine Swift "Tachymarptis melba"
*Mottled Swift "Tachymarptis aequatorialis"
*Common Swift "Apus apus"
*Nyanza Swift "Apus niansae"
*African Swift "Apus barbatus"
*Little Swift "Apus affinis"
*Horus Swift "Apus horus"
*White-rumped Swift "Apus caffer"
*Bates's Swift "Apus batesi"

Mousebirds

Order: ColiiformesFamily: Coliidae

The mousebirds are slender greyish or brown birds with soft, hairlike body feathers and very long thin tails. They are arboreal and scurry through the leaves like rodents in search of berries, fruit and buds. They are acrobatic, and can feed upside down. All species have strong claws and reversible outer toes. They also have crests and stubby bills. There are 6 species worldwide and 4 species which occur in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

*Speckled Mousebird "Colius striatus"
*Red-backed Mousebird "Colius castanotus"
*Blue-naped Mousebird "Urocolius macrourus"
*Red-faced Mousebird "Urocolius indicus"

Trogons and Quetzals

Order: TrogoniformesFamily: Trogonidae

The family Trogonidae includes trogons and quetzals. Found in tropical woodlands worldwide, they feed on insects and fruit, and their broad bills and weak legs reflect their diet and arboreal habits. Although their flight is fast, they are reluctant to fly any distance. Trogons have soft, often colourful, feathers with distinctive male and female plumage. There are 33 species worldwide and 3 species which occur in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

*Narina Trogon "Apaloderma narina"
*Bare-cheeked Trogon "Apaloderma aequatoriale"
*Bar-tailed Trogon "Apaloderma vittatum"

Kingfishers

Order: CoraciiformesFamily: Alcedinidae

Kingfishers are medium-sized birds with large heads, long pointed bills, short legs, and stubby tails. There are 93 species worldwide and 14 species which occur in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

*Half-collared Kingfisher "Alcedo semitorquata"
*Shining-blue Kingfisher "Alcedo quadribrachys"
*Malachite Kingfisher "Alcedo cristata"
*White-bellied Kingfisher "Alcedo leucogaster"
*African Pygmy-Kingfisher "Ispidina picta"
*Dwarf Kingfisher "Ispidina lecontei"
*Chocolate-backed Kingfisher "Halcyon badia"
*Gray-headed Kingfisher "Halcyon leucocephala"
*Woodland Kingfisher "Halcyon senegalensis"
*Blue-breasted Kingfisher "Halcyon malimbica"
*Brown-hooded Kingfisher "Halcyon albiventris"
*Striped Kingfisher "Halcyon chelicuti"
*Giant Kingfisher "Megaceryle maximus"
*Pied Kingfisher "Ceryle rudis"

Bee-eaters

Order: CoraciiformesFamily: Meropidae

The bee-eaters are a group of near passerine birds in the family Meropidae. Most species are found in Africa but others occur in southern Europe, Madagascar, Australia and New Guinea. They are characterised by richly coloured plumage, slender bodies and usually elongated central tail feathers. All are colorful and have long downturned bills and pointed wings, which give them a swallow-like appearance when seen from afar. There are 26 species worldwide and 17 species which occur in the Democratic Republic of Congo. The Democratic Republic of Congo contains the largest number of bee-eaters of any country.

*Black Bee-eater "Merops gularis"
*Blue-headed Bee-eater "Merops muelleri"
*Red-throated Bee-eater "Merops bulocki"
*White-fronted Bee-eater "Merops bullockoides"
*Little Bee-eater "Merops pusillus"
*Blue-breasted Bee-eater "Merops variegatus"
*Cinnamon-chested Bee-eater "Merops oreobates"
*Swallow-tailed Bee-eater "Merops hirundineus"
*Black-headed Bee-eater "Merops breweri"
*White-throated Bee-eater "Merops albicollis"
*Boehm's Bee-eater "Merops boehmi"
*Blue-cheeked Bee-eater "Merops persicus"
*Madagascar Bee-eater "Merops superciliosus"
*European Bee-eater "Merops apiaster"
*Rosy Bee-eater "Merops malimbicus"
*Northern Carmine Bee-eater "Merops nubicus"
*Southern Carmine Bee-eater "Merops nubicoides"

Typical Rollers

Order: CoraciiformesFamily: Coraciidae

Rollers resemble crows in size and build, but are more closely related to the kingfishers and bee-eaters. They share the colourful appearance of those groups with blues and browns predominating. The two inner front toes are connected, but the outer toe is not. There are 12 species worldwide and 8 species which occur in the Democratic Republic of Congo. The Democratic Republic of Congo contains the largest number of rollers of any country.

*European Roller "Coracias garrulus"
*Abyssinian Roller "Coracias abyssinica"
*Lilac-breasted Roller "Coracias caudata"
*Racket-tailed Roller "Coracias spatulata"
*Rufous-crowned Roller "Coracias naevia"
*Blue-bellied Roller "Coracias cyanogaster"
*Broad-billed Roller "Eurystomus glaucurus"
*Blue-throated Roller "Eurystomus gularis"

Hoopoes

Order: CoraciiformesFamily: Upupidae

Hoopoes have black, white and orangey-pink colouring with a large erectile crest on their head. There are 2 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

*Hoopoe "Upupa epops"

Woodhoopoes

Order: CoraciiformesFamily: Phoeniculidae

The woodhoopoes are related to the kingfishers, rollers and hoopoe. They most resemble the last species with their long curved bills, used for probing for insects, and short rounded wings. However, they differ in that they have metallic plumage, often blue, green or purple, and lack an erectile crest. There are 8 species worldwide and 5 species which occur in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

*Green Woodhoopoe "Phoeniculus purpureus"
*White-headed Woodhoopoe "Phoeniculus bollei"
*Forest Woodhoopoe "Phoeniculus castaneiceps"
*Black Scimitar-bill "Rhinopomastus aterrimus"
*Common Scimitar-bill "Rhinopomastus cyanomelas"

Hornbills

Order: CoraciiformesFamily: Bucerotidae

Hornbills are a group of birds whose bill is shaped like a cow's horn, but without a twist, sometimes with a casque on the upper mandible. Frequently, the bill is brightly coloured. There are 57 species worldwide and 14 species which occur in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

*White-crested Hornbill "Tockus albocristatus"
*Black Dwarf Hornbill "Tockus hartlaubi"
*Red-billed Dwarf Hornbill "Tockus camurus"
*Crowned Hornbill "Tockus alboterminatus"
*African Pied Hornbill "Tockus fasciatus"
*African Gray Hornbill "Tockus nasutus"
*Pale-billed Hornbill "Tockus pallidirostris"
*Trumpeter Hornbill "Ceratogymna bucinator"
*Piping Hornbill "Ceratogymna fistulator"
*Black-and-white-casqued Hornbill "Ceratogymna subcylindricus"
*White-thighed Hornbill "Ceratogymna albotibialis"
*Black-casqued Hornbill "Ceratogymna atrata"
*Abyssinian Ground-Hornbill "Bucorvus abyssinicus"
*Southern Ground-Hornbill "Bucorvus leadbeateri"

Barbets

Order: PiciformesFamily: Capitonidae

The barbets are plump birds, with short necks and large heads. They get their name from the bristles which fringe their heavy bills. Most species are brightly coloured. There are 84 species worldwide and 26 species which occur in the Democratic Republic of Congo. The Democratic Republic of Congo contains the largest number of barbets of any country.

*Naked-faced Barbet "Gymnobucco calvus"
*Bristle-nosed Barbet "Gymnobucco peli"
*Sladen's Barbet "Gymnobucco sladeni"
*Gray-throated Barbet "Gymnobucco bonapartei"
*Anchieta's Barbet "Stactolaema anchietae"
*Whyte's Barbet "Stactolaema whytii"
*Speckled Tinkerbird "Pogoniulus scolopaceus"
*Western Tinkerbird "Pogoniulus coryphaeus"
*Red-rumped Tinkerbird "Pogoniulus atroflavus"
*Yellow-throated Tinkerbird "Pogoniulus subsulphureus"
*Yellow-rumped Tinkerbird "Pogoniulus bilineatus"
*Yellow-fronted Tinkerbird "Pogoniulus chrysoconus"
*Yellow-spotted Barbet "Buccanodon duchaillui"
*Hairy-breasted Barbet "Tricholaema hirsuta"
*Miombo Barbet "Tricholaema frontata"
*Spot-flanked Barbet "Tricholaema lachrymosa"
*Vieillot's Barbet "Lybius vieilloti"
*White-headed Barbet "Lybius leucocephalus"
*Black-billed Barbet "Lybius guifsobalito"
*Black-collared Barbet "Lybius torquatus"
*Black-backed Barbet "Lybius minor"
*Double-toothed Barbet "Lybius bidentatus"
*Black-breasted Barbet "Lybius rolleti"
*Yellow-billed Barbet "Trachyphonus purpuratus"
*Crested Barbet "Trachyphonus vaillantii"
*Yellow-breasted Barbet "Trachyphonus margaritatus"

Honeyguides

Order: PiciformesFamily: Indicatoridae

Honeyguides are among the few birds that feed on wax. They are named for the behaviour of the Greater Honeyguide which leads large animals to bees' nests and then feeds on the wax once the animal has broken the nest open to get at the honey. There are 17 species worldwide and 14 species which occur in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

*Spotted Honeyguide "Indicator maculatus"
*Scaly-throated Honeyguide "Indicator variegatus"
*Greater Honeyguide "Indicator indicator"
*Lesser Honeyguide "Indicator minor"
*Thick-billed Honeyguide "Indicator conirostris"
*Willcock's Honeyguide "Indicator willcocksi"
*Least Honeyguide "Indicator exilis"
*Dwarf Honeyguide "Indicator pumilio"
*Pallid Honeyguide "Indicator meliphilus"
*Lyre-tailed Honeyguide "Melichneutes robustus"
*Zenker's Honeyguide "Melignomon zenkeri"
*Cassin's Honeyguide "Prodotiscus insignis"
*Green-backed Honeyguide "Prodotiscus zambesiae"
*Wahlberg's Honeyguide "Prodotiscus regulus"

Woodpeckers and allies

Order: PiciformesFamily: Picidae

Woodpeckers are small to medium sized birds with chisel like beaks, short legs, stiff tails and long tongues used for capturing insects. Some species have feet with two toes pointing forward, and two backward, while several species have only three toes. Many woodpeckers have the habit of tapping noisily on tree trunks with their beaks. There are 218 species worldwide and 20 species which occur in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

*Eurasian Wryneck "Jynx torquilla"
*Rufous-necked Wryneck "Jynx ruficollis"
*African Piculet "Sasia africana"
*Fine-spotted Woodpecker "Campethera punctuligera"
*Nubian Woodpecker "Campethera nubica"
*Bennett's Woodpecker "Campethera bennettii"
*Golden-tailed Woodpecker "Campethera abingoni"
*Green-backed Woodpecker "Campethera cailliautii"
*Tullberg's Woodpecker "Campethera tullbergi"
*Buff-spotted Woodpecker "Campethera nivosa"
*Brown-eared Woodpecker "Campethera caroli"
*Speckle-breasted Woodpecker "Dendropicos poecilolaemus"
*Cardinal Woodpecker "Dendropicos fuscescens"
*Gabon Woodpecker "Dendropicos gabonensis"
*Bearded Woodpecker "Dendropicos namaquus"
*Golden-crowned Woodpecker "Dendropicos xantholophus"
*Elliot's Woodpecker "Dendropicos elliotii"
*Gray Woodpecker "Dendropicos goertae"
*Olive Woodpecker "Dendropicos griseocephalus"
*Brown-backed Woodpecker "Dendropicos obsoletus"

Broadbills

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Eurylaimidae

The broadbills are small, brightly coloured birds that feed on fruit and also take insects in flycatcher fashion, snapping their broad bills. Their habitat is canopies of wet forests. There are 15 species worldwide and 4 species which occur in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

*African Broadbill "Smithornis capensis"
*Gray-headed Broadbill "Smithornis sharpei"
*Rufous-sided Broadbill "Smithornis rufolateralis"
*Grauer's Broadbill "Pseudocalyptomena graueri"

Pittas

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Pittidae

Pittas are medium-sized by passerine standards, and stocky, with fairly long, strong legs, short tails and stout bills. Many, but not all, are brightly coloured. They are spend the majority of their time on wet forest floors, eating snails, insects and similar invertebrate prey which they find there. There are 32 species worldwide and 2 species which occur in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

*African Pitta "Pitta angolensis"
*Green-breasted Pitta "Pitta reichenowi"

Larks

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Alaudidae

Larks are small terrestrial birds with often extravagant songs and display flights. Most larks are fairly dull in appearance. Their food is insects and seeds. There are 91 species worldwide and 12 species which occur in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

*White-tailed Lark "Mirafra albicauda"
*Angola Lark "Mirafra angolensis"
*Rufous-naped Lark "Mirafra africana"
*Flappet Lark "Mirafra rufocinnamomea"
*Rufous-rumped Lark "Pinarocorys erythropygia"
*Dusky Lark "Pinarocorys nigricans"
*Spike-heeled Lark "Chersomanes albofasciata"
*Gray-backed Sparrow-Lark "Eremopterix verticalis" (A)
*Fischer's Sparrow-Lark "Eremopterix leucopareia"
*Greater Short-toed Lark "Calandrella brachydactyla"
*Red-capped Lark "Calandrella cinerea"
*Sun Lark "Galerida modesta"

wallows and Martins

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Hirundinidae

The Hirundinidae family is a group of passerines characterized by their adaptation to aerial feeding. Their adaptations include a slender streamlined body, long pointed wings and short bills with wide gape. The feet are designed for perching rather than walking, and the front toes are partially joined at the base. There are 75 species worldwide and 30 species which occur in the Democratic Republic of Congo. The Democratic Republic of Congo contains the largest number of swallows of any country on earth.

*African River Martin "Pseudochelidon eurystomina"
*Bank Swallow "Riparia riparia"
*Plain Martin "Riparia paludicola"
*Congo Sand Martin "Riparia congica" (E)
*Banded Martin "Riparia cincta"
*Brazza's Martin "Phedina brazzae"
*Gray-rumped Swallow "Pseudhirundo griseopyga"
*Rock Martin "Ptyonoprogne fuligula"
*Barn Swallow "Hirundo rustica"
*Red-chested Swallow "Hirundo lucida"
*Ethiopian Swallow "Hirundo aethiopica"
*Angola Swallow "Hirundo angolensis"
*White-throated Swallow "Hirundo albigularis"
*Wire-tailed Swallow "Hirundo smithii"
*White-throated Blue Swallow "Hirundo nigrita"
*Black-and-rufous Swallow "Hirundo nigrorufa"
*Blue Swallow "Hirundo atrocaerulea"
*Pearl-breasted Swallow "Hirundo dimidiata"
*Greater Striped-Swallow "Cecropis cucullata"
*Lesser Striped-Swallow "Cecropis abyssinica"
*Rufous-chested Swallow "Cecropis semirufa"
*Mosque Swallow "Cecropis senegalensis"
*Red-rumped Swallow "Cecropis daurica"
*Preuss's Swallow "Petrochelidon preussi"
*Red-throated Swallow "Petrochelidon rufigula"
*South African Swallow "Petrochelidon spilodera"
*Common House-Martin "Delichon urbica"
*Square-tailed Sawwing "Psalidoprocne nitens"
*White-headed Sawwing "Psalidoprocne albiceps"
*Blue Sawwing "Psalidoprocne pristoptera"

Wagtails and Pipits

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Motacillidae

The Motacillidae are a family of small passerine birds with medium to long tails. They include the wagtails, longclaws and pipits. They are slender, ground feeding insectivores of open country. There are 54 species worldwide and 22 species which occur in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

*White Wagtail "Motacilla alba"
*African Pied Wagtail "Motacilla aguimp"
*Cape Wagtail "Motacilla capensis"
*Yellow Wagtail "Motacilla flava"
*Gray Wagtail "Motacilla cinerea"
*Mountain Wagtail "Motacilla clara"
*Yellow-throated Longclaw "Macronyx croceus"
*Fuelleborn's Longclaw "Macronyx fuellebornii"
*Rosy-throated Longclaw "Macronyx ameliae"
*Grimwood's Longclaw "Macronyx grimwoodi"
*Striped Pipit "Anthus lineiventris"
*Mountain Pipit "Anthus hoeschi"
*Woodland Pipit "Anthus nyassae"
*Plain-backed Pipit "Anthus leucophrys"
*Buffy Pipit "Anthus vaalensis"
*African Pipit "Anthus cinnamomeus"
*Long-legged Pipit "Anthus pallidiventris"
*Long-billed Pipit "Anthus similis"
*Short-tailed Pipit "Anthus brachyurus"
*Bush Pipit "Anthus caffer"
*Tree Pipit "Anthus trivialis"
*Red-throated Pipit "Anthus cervinus"

Cuckoo-shrikes

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Campephagidae

The cuckoo-shrikes are small to medium-sized passerine birds. They are predominantly greyish with white and black, although some species are brightly coloured. There are 82 species worldwide and 9 species which occur in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

*White-breasted Cuckoo-shrike "Coracina pectoralis"
*Blue Cuckoo-shrike "Coracina azurea"
*Gray Cuckoo-shrike "Coracina caesia"
*Grauer's Cuckoo-shrike "Coracina graueri" (E)
*Petit's Cuckoo-shrike "Campephaga petiti"
*Black Cuckoo-shrike "Campephaga flava"
*Red-shouldered Cuckoo-shrike "Campephaga phoenicea"
*Purple-throated Cuckoo-shrike "Campephaga quiscalina"
*Oriole Cuckoo-shrike "Campephaga oriolina"

Bulbuls

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Pycnonotidae

Bulbuls are medium-sized songbirds. Some are colourful with yellow, red or orange vents, cheeks, throat or supercilia, but most are drab, with uniform olive brown to black plumage. Some species have distinct crests. There are 130 species worldwide and 43 species which occur in the Democratic Republic of Congo. The Democratic Republic of Congo contains the largest number of bulbuls of any country on earth.

*Common Bulbul "Pycnonotus barbatus"
*Shelley's Greenbul "Andropadus masukuensis"
*Little Greenbul "Andropadus virens"
*Gray Greenbul "Andropadus gracilis"
*Ansorge's Greenbul "Andropadus ansorgei"
*Plain Greenbul "Andropadus curvirostris"
*Slender-billed Greenbul "Andropadus gracilirostris"
*Yellow-whiskered Bulbul "Andropadus latirostris"
*Eastern Mountain-Greenbul "Andropadus nigriceps"
*Golden Greenbul "Calyptocichla serina"
*Honeyguide Greenbul "Baeopogon indicator"
*Sjostedt's Greenbul "Baeopogon clamans"
*Spotted Greenbul "Ixonotus guttatus"
*Simple Greenbul "Chlorocichla simplex"
*Yellow-throated Greenbul "Chlorocichla flavicollis"
*Yellow-necked Greenbul "Chlorocichla falkensteini"
*Yellow-bellied Greenbul "Chlorocichla flaviventris"
*Joyful Greenbul "Chlorocichla laetissima"
*Prigogine's Greenbul "Chlorocichla prigoginei" (E)
*Swamp Greenbul "Thescelocichla leucopleura"
*Leaf-love "Phyllastrephus scandens"
*Cabanis's Greenbul "Phyllastrephus cabanisi"
*Fischer's Greenbul "Phyllastrephus fischeri"
*Terrestrial Brownbul "Phyllastrephus terrestris"
*Pale-olive Greenbul "Phyllastrephus fulviventris"
*Gray-olive Greenbul "Phyllastrephus cerviniventris"
*Baumann's Greenbul "Phyllastrephus baumanni"
*Toro Olive-Greenbul "Phyllastrephus hypochloris"
*Sassi's Greenbul "Phyllastrephus lorenzi" (E)
*Yellow-streaked Bulbul "Phyllastrephus flavostriatus"
*White-throated Greenbul "Phyllastrephus albigularis"
*Icterine Greenbul "Phyllastrephus icterinus"
*Xavier's Greenbul "Phyllastrephus xavieri"
*Common Bristlebill "Bleda syndactyla"
*Green-tailed Bristlebill "Bleda eximia"
*Yellow-spotted Nicator "Nicator chloris"
*Eastern Nicator "Nicator gularis"
*Yellow-throated Nicator "Nicator vireo"
*Red-tailed Greenbul "Criniger calurus"
*Eastern Bearded-Greenbul "Criniger chloronotus"
*Yellow-bearded Greenbul "Criniger olivaceus"
*White-bearded Greenbul "Criniger ndussumensis"
*Black-collared Bulbul "Neolestes torquatus"

Thrushes and allies

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Turdidae

The thrushes are a group of passerine birds that occur mainly in the Old World. They are plump, soft plumaged, small to medium-sized insectivores or sometimes omnivores, often feeding on the ground. Many have attractive songs. There are 335 species worldwide and 20 species which occur in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

*Rufous Flycatcher-Thrush "Neocossyphus fraseri"
*Red-tailed Ant-Thrush "Neocossyphus rufus"
*White-tailed Ant-Thrush "Neocossyphus poensis"
*Miombo Rock-Thrush "Monticola angolensis"
*Rufous-tailed Rock-Thrush "Monticola saxatilis"
*Abyssinian Ground-Thrush "Zoothera piaggiae"
*Kivu Ground-Thrush "Zoothera tanganjicae"
*Crossley's Ground-Thrush "Zoothera crossleyi"
*Orange Ground-Thrush "Zoothera gurneyi"
*Black-eared Ground-Thrush "Zoothera cameronensis"
*Gray Ground-Thrush "Zoothera princei"
*Oberlaender's Ground-Thrush "Zoothera oberlaenderi"
*Spotted Ground-Thrush "Zoothera guttata"
*Groundscraper Thrush "Psophocichla litsipsirupa"
*Olive Thrush "Turdus olivaceus"
*Kurrichane Thrush "Turdus libonyanus"
*African Thrush "Turdus pelios"
*Brown-chested Alethe "Alethe poliocephala"
*Red-throated Alethe "Alethe poliophrys"
*Fire-crested Alethe "Alethe diademata"

Cisticolas and allies

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Cisticolidae

The Cisticolidae are warblers found mainly in warmer southern regions of the Old World. They are generally very small birds of drab brown or grey appearance found in open country such as grassland or scrub. There are 111 species worldwide and 53 species which occur in the Democratic Republic of Congo. The Democractic Republic of the Congo has the greatest diversity of cisticolas of any country.

*Red-faced Cisticola "Cisticola erythrops"
*Singing Cisticola "Cisticola cantans"
*Whistling Cisticola "Cisticola lateralis"
*Chattering Cisticola "Cisticola anonymus"
*Trilling Cisticola "Cisticola woosnami"
*Bubbling Cisticola "Cisticola bulliens"
*Chubb's Cisticola "Cisticola chubbi"
*Rock-loving Cisticola "Cisticola aberrans"
*Rattling Cisticola "Cisticola chiniana"
*Gray Cisticola "Cisticola rufilatus"
*Winding Cisticola "Cisticola galactotes"
*Chirping Cisticola "Cisticola pipiens"
*Carruthers's Cisticola "Cisticola carruthersi"
*Tinkling Cisticola "Cisticola tinniens"
*Stout Cisticola "Cisticola robustus"
*Croaking Cisticola "Cisticola natalensis"
*Piping Cisticola "Cisticola fulvicapillus"
*Tabora Cisticola "Cisticola angusticaudus"
*Slender-tailed Cisticola "Cisticola melanurus"
*Siffling Cisticola "Cisticola brachypterus"
*Foxy Cisticola "Cisticola troglodytes"
*Zitting Cisticola "Cisticola juncidis"
*Desert Cisticola "Cisticola aridulus"
*Cloud Cisticola "Cisticola textrix"
*Black-necked Cisticola "Cisticola eximius"
*Cloud-scraping Cisticola "Cisticola dambo"
*Pectoral-patch Cisticola "Cisticola brunnescens"
*Pale-crowned Cisticola "Cisticola cinnamomeus"
*Wing-snapping Cisticola "Cisticola ayresii"
*Tawny-flanked Prinia "Prinia subflava"
*White-chinned Prinia "Prinia leucopogon"
*Banded Prinia "Prinia bairdii"
*Red-winged Prinia "Prinia erythroptera"
*Red-winged Gray Warbler "Drymocichla incana"
*Black-collared Apalis "Apalis pulchra"
*Ruwenzori Apalis "Apalis ruwenzori"
*Black-capped Apalis "Apalis nigriceps"
*Black-throated Apalis "Apalis jacksoni"
*Masked Apalis "Apalis binotata"
*Black-faced Apalis "Apalis personata"
*Yellow-breasted Apalis "Apalis flavida"
*Buff-throated Apalis "Apalis rufogularis"
*Gosling's Apalis "Apalis goslingi"
*Chestnut-throated Apalis "Apalis porphyrolaema"
*Gray Apalis "Apalis cinerea"
*Brown-headed Apalis "Apalis alticola"
*Oriole Warbler "Hypergerus atriceps" (A)
*Gray-capped Warbler "Eminia lepida"
*Green-backed Camaroptera "Camaroptera brachyura"
*Yellow-browed Camaroptera "Camaroptera superciliaris"
*Olive-green Camaroptera "Camaroptera chloronota"
*Miombo Camaroptera "Calamonastes undosus"
*Gray Wren-Warbler "Calamonastes simplex"

Old World warblers

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Sylviidae

The family Sylviidae is a group of small insectivorous passerine birds. The Sylviidae mainly occur as breeding species, as the common name implies, in Europe, Asia and, to a lesser extent Africa. Most are of generally undistinguished appearance, but many have distinctive songs. There are 291 species worldwide and 58 species which occur in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

*African Bush-Warbler "Bradypterus baboecala"
*White-winged Scrub-Warbler "Bradypterus carpalis"
*Grauer's Scrub-Warbler "Bradypterus graueri"
*Bamboo Scrub-Warbler "Bradypterus alfredi"
*Cameroon Scrub-Warbler "Bradypterus lopezi"
*Cinnamon Bracken-Warbler "Bradypterus cinnamomeus"
*Black-faced Rufous-Warbler "Bathmocercus rufus"
*Moustached Grass-Warbler "Melocichla mentalis"
*Eurasian River Warbler "Locustella fluviatilis"
*Sedge Warbler "Acrocephalus schoenobaenus"
*Eurasian Reed-Warbler "Acrocephalus scirpaceus"
*African Reed-Warbler "Acrocephalus baeticatus"
*Marsh Warbler "Acrocephalus palustris"
*Great Reed-Warbler "Acrocephalus arundinaceus"
*Greater Swamp-Warbler "Acrocephalus rufescens"
*Lesser Swamp-Warbler "Acrocephalus gracilirostris"
*Eastern Olivaceous Warbler "Hippolais pallida"
*Olive-tree Warbler "Hippolais olivetorum"
*Icterine Warbler "Hippolais icterina"
*African Yellow Warbler "Chloropeta natalensis"
*Mountain Yellow Warbler "Chloropeta similis"
*Papyrus Yellow Warbler "Chloropeta gracilirostris"
*Buff-bellied Warbler "Phyllolais pulchella"
*Grauer's Warbler "Graueria vittata"
*Salvadori's Eremomela "Eremomela salvadorii"
*Yellow-bellied Eremomela "Eremomela icteropygialis"
*Senegal Eremomela "Eremomela pusilla"
*Green-backed Eremomela "Eremomela canescens"
*Greencap Eremomela "Eremomela scotops"
*Rufous-crowned Eremomela "Eremomela badiceps"
*Turner's Eremomela "Eremomela turneri"
*Black-necked Eremomela "Eremomela atricollis"
*Green Crombec "Sylvietta virens"
*Lemon-bellied Crombec "Sylvietta denti"
*White-browed Crombec "Sylvietta leucophrys"
*Northern Crombec "Sylvietta brachyura"
*Red-capped Crombec "Sylvietta ruficapilla"
*Cape Crombec "Sylvietta rufescens"
*Neumann's Warbler "Hemitesia neumanni"
*Yellow Longbill "Macrosphenus flavicans"
*Gray Longbill "Macrosphenus concolor"
*Green Hylia "Hylia prasina"
*Red-faced Woodland-Warbler "Phylloscopus laetus"
*Laura's Wood-Warbler "Phylloscopus laurae"
*Uganda Wood-Warbler "Phylloscopus budongoensis"
*Brown Woodland-Warbler "Phylloscopus umbrovirens"
*Willow Warbler "Phylloscopus trochilus"
*Common Chiffchaff "Phylloscopus collybita"
*Wood Warbler "Phylloscopus sibilatrix"
*Yellow-bellied Hyliota "Hyliota flavigaster"
*Southern Hyliota "Hyliota australis"
*Violet-backed Hyliota "Hyliota violacea"
*Fan-tailed Grassbird "Schoenicola brevirostris"
*Blackcap "Sylvia atricapilla"
*Garden Warbler "Sylvia borin"
*Greater Whitethroat "Sylvia communis"
*Barred Warbler "Sylvia nisoria"
*Brown Warbler "Parisoma lugens"

Old World flycatchers

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Muscicapidae

Old World flycatchers are a large group of small passerine birds native to the Old World. They are mainly small arboreal insectivores. The appearance of these birds is very varied, but they mostly have weak songs and harsh calls. There 274 species worldwide and 62 species which occur in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

*Pale Flycatcher "Bradornis pallidus"
*White-eyed Slaty-Flycatcher "Melaenornis fischeri"
*Northern Black-Flycatcher "Melaenornis edolioides"
*Southern Black-Flycatcher "Melaenornis pammelaina"
*Yellow-eyed Black-Flycatcher "Melaenornis ardesiacus" (E)
*African Forest-Flycatcher "Fraseria ocreata"
*White-browed Forest-Flycatcher "Fraseria cinerascens"
*Spotted Flycatcher "Muscicapa striata"
*Gambaga Flycatcher "Muscicapa gambagae"
*Sooty Flycatcher "Muscicapa infuscata"
*Boehm's Flycatcher "Muscicapa boehmi"
*Swamp Flycatcher "Muscicapa aquatica"
*Olivaceous Flycatcher "Muscicapa olivascens"
*Chapin's Flycatcher "Muscicapa lendu"
*African Dusky Flycatcher "Muscicapa adusta"
*Little Gray Flycatcher "Muscicapa epulata"
*Yellow-footed Flycatcher "Muscicapa sethsmithi"
*Dusky-blue Flycatcher "Muscicapa comitata"
*Tessmann's Flycatcher "Muscicapa tessmanni"
*Cassin's Flycatcher "Muscicapa cassini"
*Ashy Flycatcher "Muscicapa caerulescens"
*Gray-throated Tit-Flycatcher "Myioparus griseigularis"
*Gray Tit-Flycatcher "Myioparus plumbeus"
*European Pied Flycatcher "Ficedula hypoleuca"
*Collared Flycatcher "Ficedula albicollis"
*Semicollared Flycatcher "Ficedula semitorquata"
*White-starred Robin "Pogonocichla stellata"
*Forest Robin "Stiphrornis erythrothorax"
*Bocage's Akalat "Sheppardia bocagei"
*Lowland Akalat "Sheppardia cyornithopsis"
*Equatorial Akalat "Sheppardia aequatorialis"
*Thrush Nightingale "Luscinia luscinia"
*Common Nightingale "Luscinia megarhynchos"
*White-bellied Robin-Chat "Cossyphicula roberti"
*Archer's Robin-Chat "Cossypha archeri"
*Cape Robin-Chat "Cossypha caffra"
*Blue-shouldered Robin-Chat "Cossypha cyanocampter"
*Gray-winged Robin-Chat "Cossypha polioptera"
*White-browed Robin-Chat "Cossypha heuglini"
*Red-capped Robin-Chat "Cossypha natalensis"
*White-headed Robin-Chat "Cossypha heinrichi"
*Snowy-crowned Robin-Chat "Cossypha niveicapilla"
*Collared Palm-Thrush "Cichladusa arquata"
*Rufous-tailed Palm-Thrush "Cichladusa ruficauda"
*Spotted Morning-Thrush "Cichladusa guttata"
*Forest Scrub-Robin "Cercotrichas leucosticta"
*Miombo Scrub-Robin "Cercotrichas barbata"
*Brown-backed Scrub-Robin "Cercotrichas hartlaubi"
*Red-backed Scrub-Robin "Cercotrichas leucophrys"
*Rufous-tailed Scrub-Robin "Cercotrichas galactotes"
*Common Redstart "Phoenicurus phoenicurus"
*Whinchat "Saxicola rubetra"
*African Stonechat "Saxicola torquata"
*Northern Wheatear "Oenanthe oenanthe"
*Capped Wheatear "Oenanthe pileata"
*Isabelline Wheatear "Oenanthe isabellina"
*Familiar Chat "Cercomela familiaris"
*Congo Moorchat "Myrmecocichla tholloni"
*Sooty Chat "Myrmecocichla nigra"
*White-fronted Black-Chat "Myrmecocichla albifrons"
*White-headed Black-Chat "Myrmecocichla arnotti"
*Mocking Cliff-Chat "Thamnolaea cinnamomeiventris"

Wattle-eyes

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Platysteiridae

The wattle-eyes or puffback flycatchers are small stout passerine birds of the African tropics. They get their name from the brightly coloured fleshy eye decorations found in most species in this group. There are 31 species worldwide and 15 species which occur in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

*African Shrike-flycatcher "Megabyas flammulatus"
*Black-and-white Shrike-flycatcher "Bias musicus"
*Brown-throated Wattle-eye "Platysteira cyanea"
*White-fronted Wattle-eye "Platysteira albifrons"
*Black-throated Wattle-eye "Platysteira peltata"
*Chestnut Wattle-eye "Platysteira castanea"
*White-spotted Wattle-eye "Platysteira tonsa"
*Jameson's Wattle-eye "Platysteira jamesoni"
*Yellow-bellied Wattle-eye "Platysteira concreta"
*Boulton's Batis "Batis margaritae"
*Ruwenzori Batis "Batis diops"
*Chinspot Batis "Batis molitor"
*Black-headed Batis "Batis minor"
*Ituri Batis "Batis ituriensis"
*Angola Batis "Batis minulla"

Monarch flycatchers

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Monarchidae

The monarch flycatchers are small to medium-sized insectivorous passerines, which hunt by flycatching. There are 99 species worldwide and 13 species which occur in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

*Chestnut-capped Flycatcher "Erythrocercus mccallii"
*African Blue-Flycatcher "Elminia longicauda"
*White-tailed Blue-Flycatcher "Elminia albicauda"
*Dusky Crested-Flycatcher "Elminia nigromitrata"
*White-bellied Crested-Flycatcher "Elminia albiventris"
*White-tailed Crested-Flycatcher "Elminia albonotata"
*Blue-headed Crested-Flycatcher "Trochocercus nitens"
*African Crested-Flycatcher "Trochocercus cyanomelas"
*Black-headed Paradise-Flycatcher "Terpsiphone rufiventer"
*Bedford's Paradise-Flycatcher "Terpsiphone bedfordi" (E)
*Rufous-vented Paradise-Flycatcher "Terpsiphone rufocinerea"
*Bates's Paradise-Flycatcher "Terpsiphone batesi"
*African Paradise-Flycatcher "Terpsiphone viridis"

Babblers

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Timaliidae

The babblers or timaliids are somewhat diverse in size and coloration, but are characterised by soft fluffy plumage. There are 270 species worldwide and 18 species which occur in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

*Blackcap Illadopsis "Illadopsis cleaveri"
*Scaly-breasted Illadopsis "Illadopsis albipectus"
*Puvel's Illadopsis "Illadopsis puveli"
*Pale-breasted Illadopsis "Illadopsis rufipennis"
*Brown Illadopsis "Illadopsis fulvescens"
*Mountain Illadopsis "Illadopsis pyrrhoptera"
*African Hill Babbler "Illadopsis abyssinica"
*Gray-chested Illadopsis "Kakamega poliothorax"
*Thrush Babbler "Ptyrticus turdinus"
*Blackcap Babbler "Turdoides reinwardtii"
*Dusky Babbler "Turdoides tenebrosus"
*Black-lored Babbler "Turdoides sharpei"
*Hartlaub's Babbler "Turdoides hartlaubii"
*Brown Babbler "Turdoides plebejus"
*Arrow-marked Babbler "Turdoides jardineii"
*Red-collared Mountain-Babbler "Kupeornis rufocinctus" (E)
*Chapin's Mountain-Babbler "Kupeornis chapini" (E)
*Capuchin Babbler "Phyllanthus atripennis"

Chickadees and Titmice

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Paridae

The Paridae are mainly small stocky woodland species with short stout bills. Some have crests. They are adaptable birds, with a mixed diet including seeds and insects. There are species 59 worldwide and 8 species which occur in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

*White-winged Black-Tit "Melaniparus leucomelas"
*White-shouldered Black-Tit "Melaniparus guineensis"
*Southern Black-Tit "Melaniparus niger"
*Rufous-bellied Tit "Melaniparus rufiventris"
*Dusky Tit "Melaniparus funereus"
*Stripe-breasted Tit "Melaniparus fasciiventer"
*Miombo Tit "Melaniparus griseiventris"
*Gray Tit "Melaniparus afer"

Treecreepers

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Certhiidae

Treecreepers are small woodland birds, brown above and white below. They have thin pointed down-curved bills, which they use to extricate insects from bark. They have stiff tail feathers, like woodpeckers, which they use to support themselves on vertical trees. There are 6 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

*Spotted Creeper "Salpornis spilonotus"

Penduline tits

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Remizidae

The penduline tits are a group of small passerine birds, related to the true tits. They are insectivores. There are 13 species worldwide and 4 species which occur in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

*Yellow Penduline-Tit "Anthoscopus parvulus"
*Forest Penduline-Tit "Anthoscopus flavifrons"
*African Penduline-Tit "Anthoscopus caroli"
*Tit-hylia "Pholidornis rushiae"

unbirds and Spiderhunters

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Nectariniidae

The sunbirds and spiderhunters are very small passerine birds which feed largely on nectar, although they will also take insects, especially when feeding young. Flight is fast and direct on their short wings. Most species can take nectar by hovering like a hummingbird, but usually perch to feed. There are 131 species worldwide and 52 species which occur in the Democratic Republic of Congo. The Democratic Republic of Congo contains the largest number of sunbirds of any country on earth.

*Scarlet-tufted Sunbird "Deleornis fraseri"
*Gray-headed Sunbird "Deleornis axillaris"
*Anchieta's Sunbird "Anthreptes anchietae"
*Mouse-brown Sunbird "Anthreptes gabonicus"
*Western Violet-backed Sunbird "Anthreptes longuemarei"
*Violet-tailed Sunbird "Anthreptes aurantium"
*Little Green Sunbird "Anthreptes seimundi"
*Green Sunbird "Anthreptes rectirostris"
*Collared Sunbird "Hedydipna collaris"
*Pygmy Sunbird "Hedydipna platura"
*Reichenbach's Sunbird "Anabathmis reichenbachii"
*Green-headed Sunbird "Cyanomitra verticalis"
*Blue-throated Brown Sunbird "Cyanomitra cyanolaema"
*Blue-headed Sunbird "Cyanomitra alinae"
*Bannerman's Sunbird "Cyanomitra bannermani"
*Eastern Olive-Sunbird "Cyanomitra olivacea"
*Western Olive-Sunbird "Cyanomitra obscura"
*Carmelite Sunbird "Chalcomitra fuliginosa"
*Green-throated Sunbird "Chalcomitra rubescens"
*Amethyst Sunbird "Chalcomitra amethystina"
*Scarlet-chested Sunbird "Chalcomitra senegalensis"
*Bocage's Sunbird "Nectarinia bocagii"
*Purple-breasted Sunbird "Nectarinia purpureiventris"
*Bronze Sunbird "Nectarinia kilimensis"
*Golden-winged Sunbird "Drepanorhynchus reichenowi"
*Red-tufted Sunbird "Nectarinia johnstoni"
*Malachite Sunbird "Nectarinia famosa"
*Olive-bellied Sunbird "Cinnyris chloropygius"
*Tiny Sunbird "Cinnyris minullus"
*Miombo Sunbird "Cinnyris manoensis"
*Stuhlmann's Sunbird "Cinnyris stuhlmanni" (E)
*Prigogine's Sunbird "Cinnyris prigoginei" (E)
*Northern Double-collared Sunbird "Cinnyris preussi"
*Greater Double-collared Sunbird "Cinnyris afer"
*Regal Sunbird "Cinnyris regius"
*Rockefeller's Sunbird "Cinnyris rockefelleri" (E)
*Eastern Double-collared Sunbird "Cinnyris mediocris"
*Beautiful Sunbird "Cinnyris pulchellus"
*Mariqua Sunbird "Cinnyris mariquensis"
*Shelley's Sunbird "Cinnyris shelleyi"
*Congo Sunbird "Cinnyris congensis" (E)
*Red-chested Sunbird "Cinnyris erythrocerca"
*Purple-banded Sunbird "Cinnyris bifasciatus"
*Orange-tufted Sunbird "Cinnyris bouvieri"
*Palestine Sunbird "Cinnyris oseus"
*Splendid Sunbird "Cinnyris coccinigaster"
*Johanna's Sunbird "Cinnyris johannae"
*Superb Sunbird "Cinnyris superbus"
*White-breasted Sunbird "Cinnyris talatala"
*Variable Sunbird "Cinnyris venustus"
*Bates's Sunbird "Cinnyris batesi"
*Copper Sunbird "Cinnyris cupreus"

White-eyes

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Zosteropidae

The white-eyes are small and are mostly of undistinguished appearance, the plumage above being generally either some dull color like greenish olive, but some species have a white or bright yellow throat, breast or lower parts, and several have buff flanks. As their name suggests many species have a white ring around the eyes. There are 96 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

*African Yellow White-eye "Zosterops senegalensis"

Old World Orioles

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Oriolidae

The Old World Orioles are colourful passerine birds. They are not related to the New World orioles. There are 29 species worldwide and 6 species which occur in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

*Eurasian Golden Oriole "Oriolus oriolus"
*African Golden Oriole "Oriolus auratus"
*Western Black-headed Oriole "Oriolus brachyrhynchus"
*African Black-headed Oriole "Oriolus larvatus"
*Black-tailed Oriole "Oriolus percivali"
*Black-winged Oriole "Oriolus nigripennis"

hrikes

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Laniidae

Shrikes are passerine birds known for their habit of catching other birds and small animals and impaling the uneaten portions of their bodies on thorns. A typical shrike's beak is hooked, like a bird of prey. There are 31 species worldwide and 11 species which occur in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

*Red-backed Shrike "Lanius collurio"
*Rufous-tailed Shrike "Lanius isabellinus"
*Emin's Shrike "Lanius gubernator"
*Souza's Shrike "Lanius souzae"
*Lesser Gray Shrike "Lanius minor"
*Gray-backed Fiscal "Lanius excubitoroides"
*Mackinnon's Shrike "Lanius mackinnoni"
*Common Fiscal "Lanius collaris"
*Masked Shrike "Lanius nubicus"
*Woodchat Shrike "Lanius senator"
*Yellow-billed Shrike "Corvinella corvina"

Bushshrikes and allies

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Malaconotidae

Bushshrikes are similar in habits to shrikes, hunting insects and other small prey from a perch on a bush. Although similar in build to the shrikes, these tend to be either colourful species or largely black; some species are quite secretive. There are 46 species worldwide and 29 species which occur in the Democratic Republic of Congo. The Democratic Republic of Congo contains the largest number of bushshrikes of any country.

*Brubru "Nilaus afer"
*Northern Puffback "Dryoscopus gambensis"
*Black-backed Puffback "Dryoscopus cubla"
*Red-eyed Puffback "Dryoscopus senegalensis"
*Pink-footed Puffback "Dryoscopus angolensis"
*Large-billed Puffback "Dryoscopus sabini"
*Marsh Tchagra "Tchagra minuta"
*Black-crowned Tchagra "Tchagra senegala"
*Brown-crowned Tchagra "Tchagra australis"
*Luehder's Bushshrike "Laniarius luehderi"
*Braun's Bushshrike "Laniarius brauni"
*Tropical Boubou "Laniarius aethiopicus"
*Gabon Boubou "Laniarius bicolor"
*Southern Boubou "Laniarius ferrugineus"
*Black-headed Gonolek "Laniarius erythrogaster"
*Papyrus Gonolek "Laniarius mufumbiri"
*Slate-colored Boubou "Laniarius funebris"
*Sooty Boubou "Laniarius leucorhynchus"
*Fuelleborn's Boubou "Laniarius fuelleborni"
*Mountain Sooty Boubou "Laniarius poensis"
*Gray-green Bushshrike "Telophorus bocagei"
*Sulphur-breasted Bushshrike "Telophorus sulfureopectus"
*Many-colored Bushshrike "Telophorus multicolor"
*Black-fronted Bushshrike "Telophorus nigrifrons"
*Four-colored Bushshrike "Telophorus viridis"
*Doherty's Bushshrike "Telophorus dohertyi"
*Fiery-breasted Bushshrike "Malaconotus cruentus"
*Lagden's Bushshrike "Malaconotus lagdeni"
*Gray-headed Bushshrike "Malaconotus blanchoti"

Helmetshrikes

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Prionopidae

The helmetshrikes are similar in build to the shrikes, but tend to be colourful species with distinctive crests or other head ornaments, such as wattles, from which they get their name. There are 12 species worldwide and 4 species which occur in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

*White Helmetshrike "Prionops plumatus"
*Yellow-crested Helmetshrike "Prionops alberti" (E)
*Rufous-bellied Helmetshrike "Prionops rufiventris"
*Retz's Helmetshrike "Prionops retzii"

Drongos

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Dicruridae

The drongos are mostly are black or dark grey in colour, sometimes with metallic tints. They have long forked tails, and some Asian species have elaborate tail decorations. They have short legs and sit very upright whilst perched, like a shrike. They flycatch or take prey from the ground. There are 24 species worldwide and 4 species which occur in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

*Square-tailed Drongo "Dicrurus ludwigii"
*Shining Drongo "Dicrurus atripennis"
*Fork-tailed Drongo "Dicrurus adsimilis"
*Velvet-mantled Drongo "Dicrurus modestus"

Crows, Jays, Ravens and Magpies

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Corvidae

The Corvidae family includes crows, ravens, jays, choughs, magpies, treepies, nutcrackers, and ground jays. Corvids are above average in size for the bird order Passeriformes. Some of the larger species show high levels of learning behavior. There are 120 species worldwide and 4 species which occur in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

*Piapiac "Ptilostomus afer"
*Cape Crow "Corvus capensis"
*Pied Crow "Corvus albus"
*White-necked Raven "Corvus albicollis"

tarlings

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Sturnidae

Starlings are small to medium-sized passerine birds. Their flight is strong and direct, and they are very gregarious. Their preferred habitat is fairly open country. They eat insects and fruit. Plumage is typically dark with a metallic sheen. There are 125 species worldwide and 21 species which occur in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

*Wattled Starling "Creatophora cinerea"
*Cape Glossy-Starling "Lamprotornis nitens"
*Greater Blue-eared Glossy-Starling "Lamprotornis chalybaeus"
*Lesser Blue-eared Glossy-Starling "Lamprotornis chloropterus"
*Bronze-tailed Glossy-Starling "Lamprotornis chalcurus"
*Splendid Glossy-Starling "Lamprotornis splendidus"
*Purple Glossy-Starling "Lamprotornis purpureus"
*Rueppell's Glossy-Starling "Lamprotornis purpuropterus"
*Sharp-tailed Glossy-Starling "Lamprotornis acuticaudus"
*Purple-headed Glossy-Starling "Lamprotornis purpureiceps"
*Violet-backed Starling "Cinnyricinclus leucogaster"
*Slender-billed Starling "Onychognathus tenuirostris"
*Chestnut-winged Starling "Onychognathus fulgidus"
*Waller's Starling "Onychognathus walleri"
*Neumann's Starling "Onychognathus neumanni"
*Narrow-tailed Starling "Poeoptera lugubris"
*Stuhlmann's Starling "Poeoptera stuhlmanni"
*Sharpe's Starling "Pholia sharpii"
*White-collared Starling "Grafisia torquata"
*Red-billed Oxpecker "Buphagus erythrorhynchus"
*Yellow-billed Oxpecker "Buphagus africanus"

Weavers and allies

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Ploceidae

The weavers are small passerine birds related to the finches. They are seed-eating birds with rounded conical bills. The males of many species are brightly coloured, usually in red or yellow and black, some species show variation in colour only in the breeding season. There are 116 species worldwide and 64 species which occur in the Democratic Republic of Congo. The Democractic Republic of the Congo has the greatest diversity of weavers of any country.

*White-headed Buffalo-Weaver "Dinemellia dinemelli"
*Chestnut-crowned Sparrow-Weaver "Plocepasser superciliosus"
*Chestnut-backed Sparrow-Weaver "Plocepasser rufoscapulatus"
*Black-chinned Weaver "Ploceus nigrimentum"
*Baglafecht Weaver "Ploceus baglafecht"
*Slender-billed Weaver "Ploceus pelzelni"
*Loango Weaver "Ploceus subpersonatus"
*Little Weaver "Ploceus luteolus"
*Lesser Masked-Weaver "Ploceus intermedius"
*Spectacled Weaver "Ploceus ocularis"
*Black-necked Weaver "Ploceus nigricollis"
*Black-billed Weaver "Ploceus melanogaster"
*Strange Weaver "Ploceus alienus"
*Bocage's Weaver "Ploceus temporalis"
*Holub's Golden-Weaver "Ploceus xanthops"
*Orange Weaver "Ploceus aurantius"
*Southern Brown-throated Weaver "Ploceus xanthopterus"
*Northern Brown-throated Weaver "Ploceus castanops"
*Heuglin's Masked-Weaver "Ploceus heuglini"
*Northern Masked-Weaver "Ploceus taeniopterus"
*Southern Masked-Weaver "Ploceus velatus"
*Vitelline Masked-Weaver "Ploceus vitellinus"
*Lake Lufira Weaver "Ploceus ruweti" (E)
*Katanga Masked-Weaver "Ploceus katangae"
*Village Weaver "Ploceus cucullatus"
*Vieillot's Weaver "Ploceus nigerrimus"
*Weyns's Weaver "Ploceus weynsi"
*Black-headed Weaver "Ploceus melanocephalus"
*Golden-backed Weaver "Ploceus jacksoni"
*Golden-naped Weaver "Ploceus aureonucha" (E)
*Yellow-mantled Weaver "Ploceus tricolor"
*Maxwell's Black Weaver "Ploceus albinucha"
*Forest Weaver "Ploceus bicolor"
*Preuss's Weaver "Ploceus preussi"
*Yellow-capped Weaver "Ploceus dorsomaculatus"
*Brown-capped Weaver "Ploceus insignis"
*Bar-winged Weaver "Ploceus angolensis"
*Compact Weaver "Pachyphantes superciliosus"
*Yellow-legged Weaver "Ploceus flavipes" (E)
*Red-crowned Malimbe "Malimbus coronatus"
*Black-throated Malimbe "Malimbus cassini"
*Red-bellied Malimbe "Malimbus erythrogaster"
*Gray's Malimbe "Malimbus nitens"
*Crested Malimbe "Malimbus malimbicus"
*Red-headed Malimbe "Malimbus rubricollis"
*Red-headed Weaver "Anaplectes rubriceps"
*Bob-tailed Weaver "Brachycope anomala"
*Cardinal Quelea "Quelea cardinalis"
*Red-headed Quelea "Quelea erythrops"
*Red-billed Quelea "Quelea quelea"
*Yellow-crowned Bishop "Euplectes afer"
*Black Bishop "Euplectes gierowii"
*Black-winged Bishop "Euplectes hordeaceus"
*Orange Bishop "Euplectes franciscanus"
*Red Bishop "Euplectes orix"
*Yellow Bishop "Euplectes capensis"
*Fan-tailed Widowbird "Euplectes axillaris"
*Yellow-shouldered Widowbird "Euplectes macrourus"
*White-winged Widowbird "Euplectes albonotatus"
*Red-collared Widowbird "Euplectes ardens"
*Marsh Widowbird "Euplectes hartlaubi"
*Buff-shouldered Widowbird "Euplectes psammocromius"
*Long-tailed Widowbird "Euplectes progne"
*Grosbeak Weaver "Amblyospiza albifrons"

Waxbills and allies

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Estrildidae

The estrildid finches are small passerine birds of the Old World tropics and Australasia. They are gregarious and often colonial seed-eaters with short thick but pointed bills. They are all similar in structure and habits, but have a wide variation in plumage colours and pattern. There are 141 species worldwide and 53 species which occur in the Democratic Republic of Congo. The Democractic Republic of the Congo has the greatest diversity of estrildid finches of any country.

*Jameson's Antpecker "Parmoptila jamesoni"
*Woodhouse's Antpecker "Parmoptila woodhousei"
*White-breasted Negrofinch "Nigrita fusconota"
*Chestnut-breasted Negrofinch "Nigrita bicolor"
*Pale-fronted Negrofinch "Nigrita luteifrons"
*Gray-headed Negrofinch "Nigrita canicapilla"
*White-collared Oliveback "Nesocharis ansorgei"
*Gray-headed Oliveback "Nesocharis capistrata"
*Orange-winged Pytilia "Pytilia afra"
*Red-winged Pytilia "Pytilia phoenicoptera"
*Green-winged Pytilia "Pytilia melba"
*Red-faced Pytilia "Pytilia hypogrammica"
*Green-backed Twinspot "Mandingoa nitidula"
*Red-faced Crimson-wing "Cryptospiza reichenovii"
*Abyssinian Crimson-wing "Cryptospiza salvadorii"
*Dusky Crimson-wing "Cryptospiza jacksoni"
*Shelley's Crimson-wing "Cryptospiza shelleyi"
*Black-bellied Seedcracker "Pyrenestes ostrinus"
*Grant's Bluebill "Spermophaga poliogenys"
*Western Bluebill "Spermophaga haematina"
*Red-headed Bluebill "Spermophaga ruficapilla"
*Brown Twinspot "Clytospiza monteiri"
*Peters's Twinspot "Hypargos niveoguttatus"
*Dybowski's Twinspot "Euschistospiza dybowskii"
*Dusky Twinspot "Euschistospiza cinereovinacea"
*Bar-breasted Firefinch "Lagonosticta rufopicta"
*Brown Firefinch "Lagonosticta nitidula"
*Red-billed Firefinch "Lagonosticta senegala"
*Black-bellied Firefinch "Lagonosticta rara"
*African Firefinch "Lagonosticta rubricata"
*Pale-billed Firefinch "Lagonosticta landanae"
*Jameson's Firefinch "Lagonosticta rhodopareia"
*Black-faced Firefinch "Lagonosticta larvata"
*Blue-breasted Cordonbleu "Uraeginthus angolensis"
*Red-cheeked Cordonbleu "Uraeginthus bengalus"
*Black-tailed Waxbill "Estrilda perreini"
*Yellow-bellied Waxbill "Estrilda quartinia"
*Fawn-breasted Waxbill "Estrilda paludicola"
*Orange-cheeked Waxbill "Estrilda melpoda"
*Crimson-rumped Waxbill "Estrilda rhodopyga"
*Black-rumped Waxbill "Estrilda troglodytes"
*Common Waxbill "Estrilda astrild"
*Black-faced Waxbill "Estrilda nigriloris" (E)
*Black-crowned Waxbill "Estrilda nonnula"
*Black-headed Waxbill "Estrilda atricapilla"
*Kandt's Waxbill "Estrilda kandti"
*Zebra Waxbill "Sporaeginthus subflavus"
*Red-billed Quailfinch "Ortygospiza gabonensis"
*Black-faced Quailfinch "Ortygospiza atricollis"
*Locustfinch "Paludipasser locustella"
*Bronze Mannikin "Spermestes cucullatus"
*Black-and-white Mannikin "Spermestes bicolor"
*Magpie Mannikin "Spermestes fringilloides"

Indigobirds

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Viduidae

The indigobirds are finch-like species which usually have black or indigo predominating in their plumage. All are brood parasites, which lay their eggs in the nests of estrildid finch species. There are 20 species worldwide and 11 species which occur in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

*Village Indigobird "Vidua chalybeata"
*Jambandu Indigobird "Vidua raricola"
*Baka Indigobird "Vidua larvaticola"
*Variable Indigobird "Vidua funerea"
*Purple Indigobird "Vidua purpurascens"
*Pale-winged Indigobird "Vidua wilsoni"
*Cameroon Indigobird "Vidua camerunensis"
*Pin-tailed Whydah "Vidua macroura"
*Long-tailed Paradise-Whydah "Vidua interjecta"
*Eastern Paradise-Whydah "Vidua paradisaea"
*Broad-tailed Paradise-Whydah "Vidua obtusa"

Weavers and allies

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Ploceidae

The weavers are small passerine birds related to the finches. They are seed-eating birds with rounded conical bills. The males of many species are brightly coloured, usually in red or yellow and black, some species show variation in colour only in the breeding season. There are 116 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

*Parasitic Weaver "Anomalospiza imberbis"

Buntings, Sparrows, Seedeaters and allies

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Emberizidae

The emberizids are a large family of passerine birds. They are seed-eating birds with a distinctively shaped bill. In Europe, most species are named as buntings. In North America, most of the species in this family are known as Sparrows, but these birds are not closely related to the Old World sparrows which are in the family Passeridae. Many emberizid species have distinctive head patterns. There are species 275 worldwide and 5 species which occur in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

*Lark-like Bunting "Emberiza impetuani"
*Cinnamon-breasted Bunting "Emberiza tahapisi"
*Golden-breasted Bunting "Emberiza flaviventris"
*Brown-rumped Bunting "Emberiza affinis"
*Cabanis's Bunting "Emberiza cabanisi"

iskins, Crossbills and allies

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Fringillidae

Finches are seed-eating passerine birds, that are small to moderately large and have a strong beak, usually conical and in some species very large. All have 12 tail feathers and 9 primaries. These birds have a bouncing flight with alternating bouts of flapping and gliding on closed wings, and most sing well. There are 137 species worldwide and 15 species which occur in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

*Oriole Finch "Linurgus olivaceus"
*Cape Canary "Serinus canicollis"
*Yellow-crowned Canary "Serinus flavivertex"
*Western Citril "Serinus frontalis"
*Black-faced Canary "Serinus capistratus"
*Papyrus Canary "Serinus koliensis"
*White-rumped Seedeater "Serinus leucopygius"
*Black-throated Canary "Serinus atrogularis"
*Yellow-fronted Canary "Serinus mozambicus"
*Brimstone Canary "Serinus sulphuratus"
*Reichard's Seedeater "Serinus reichardi"
*Streaky-headed Seedeater "Serinus gularis"
*Black-eared Seedeater "Serinus mennelli"
*Streaky Seedeater "Serinus striolatus"
*Thick-billed Seedeater "Serinus burtoni"

parrows

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Passeridae

Sparrows are small passerine birds. In general, sparrows tend to be small, plump, brown or grey birds with short tails and short powerful beaks. Sparrows are seed-eaters, and they also consume small insects. There are 35 species worldwide and 3 species which occur in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

*House Sparrow "Passer domesticus" (I)
*Gray-headed Sparrow "Passer griseus"
*Yellow-throated Petronia "Petronia superciliaris"

ee also

*List of birds
*Lists of birds by region

References

*cite web
last = Lepage
first = Denis
authorlink =
coauthors =
year =
url = http://www.bsc-eoc.org/avibase/avibase.jsp?region=zr&pg=checklist&list=clements
title = Checklist of birds of the Democratic Republic of Congo
format =
work = Bird Checklists of the World
publisher = Avibase
accessdate = 27 April
accessyear = 2007
*cite book
title=Birds of the World: a Checklist
first= James F.
last = Clements
publisher = Cornell University Press
date = 2000
id = ISBN 0934797161
pages = 880