Granulosa cell tumour

Granulosa cell tumo(u)rs (or granulosa-theca cell tumo(u)rs) are tumors of the granulosa cell. They are part of the sex cord-stromal tumour group of ovarian neoplasms.

The peak age at which they occur is 50-55 years, but they may occur at any age.

Clinical presentation

Estrogens are produced by "functioning" tumours, and the clinical presentation depends on the patient's age.
* If the patient is postmenopausal, she usually presents with abnormal uterine bleeding.
* If the patient is of reproductive age, she would present with menometrorrhagia. However, in some cases she may stop ovulating altogether.
* If the patient has not undergone puberty, isosexual-pseudo-precocity may be seen.

Histology

The most characteristic gross appearance is a smooth surfaced solid and cystic lesion with the cysts filled with blood.Hemoperitoneum is an infrequent but classical presentation.A large variety of histological presentations exists, but they have two key features:
#Call-Exner bodies (granulosa cells arranged haphazardly around a space containing eosinophilic fluid); "and"
#Pale uniform nuclei, often with grooves

There have been cases where the tumor presented as a single, cyst-like, space, with no internal bleeding.

External links

*
* [http://www-medlib.med.utah.edu/WebPath/FEMHTML/FEM057.html Photo of tumor]
* [http://www.bioscience.org/atlases/tumpath/freprod/ovary/9/micro.htm Slides]
* [http://www.indiandoctors.com/OBGYN/Malignancy/Malignancy_02.htm indiandoctors.com]