Japanese mathematics

Japanese mathematics

In the history of mathematics, Japanese mathematics or wasan ( _ja. 和算), denotes a genuinely distinct kind of mathematics developed in Japan during the Edo Period (1603-1867) when the country was isolated from European influences. For instance, Kowa Seki found calculus at a similar time to his European counterparts. At the beginning of the Meiji era (1868-1912) the country opened up to the West and adopted Western mathematics which led to a decline of the ideas used in the wasan.

Its achievements included some very refined results in integral calculus.Fact|date=March 2008

Important wasan mathematicians

* Kambei Mori - developed arithmetical methods for the soroban (Japanese abacus)
* Yoshida Koyu (1598-1672)
* Seki Kowa (1642-1708) - circle principle (enri) which represents a crude form of integral calculus
* Takebe Kenko (1664-1739)
* Matsunaga Ryohitsu (fl. 1718-1749)
* Kurushima Yoshita (d. 1757)
* Arima Raido (1714-1783)
* Ajima Chokuyen (1739-1783)
* Aida Ammei (1747-1817)
* Sakabe Kohan (1759-1824)
* Hasegawa Ken (c. 1783-1838)
* Wada Nei (1787-1840)
* Shiraishi Chochu (1796-1862)
* Koide Shuki (1797-1865)
* Omura Isshu (1824-1871)

References

* Endo, Tadashi. "History of Japanese Mathematics".
* Fukagawa, Hidetoshi, and D. Pedoe. "Japanese temple geometry problems = Sangaku". Charles Babbage Research Centre, Winnipeg, 1989.
* Horiuchi, Annick. "Les Mathematiques Japonaises a L'Epoque d'Edo (1600-1868): Une Etude des Travaux de Seki Takakazu (?-1708) et de Takebe Katahiro (1664-1739)". J. Vrin, 1994. ISBN 978-2-7116-1213-0.
* Kobayashi, Tatsuhiko. (2002) "What kind of mathematics and terminology was transmitted into 18th-century Japan from China?", "Historia Scientiarum", Vol.12, No.1.
* Kobayashi, Tatsuhiko. [http://www.mi.sanu.ac.yu/vismath/visbook/kobayashi/index.html Trigonometry and Its Acceptance in the 18th-19th Centuries Japan] .
* Morimoto, Mitsuo. "Infinite series in Japanese Mathematics of the 18th Century".
* Morimoto, Mitsuo. " [http://science.icu.ac.jp/srr/Rep/GS-0305.ps A Chinese Root of Japanese Traditional Mathematics – Wasan] "
* Ogawa, Tsukane. "A Review of the History of Japanese Mathematics". "Revue d'histoire des mathématiques" 7, fascicule 1 (2001), 137-155.
* Smith, David E., and Yoshio Mikami. "A History of Japanese Mathematics". Dover. ISBN 0-486-43482-6.
*Fukagawa, Hidetoshi and Tony Rothman. (2008). "Sacred Mathematics: Japanese Temple Geometry." Princeton: Princeton University Press. ISBN13: 978-0-691-12745-3.

ee also

* Idai, the custom of adding very hard problems at the end of wasan books
* Sangaku, the custom of presenting mathematical problems, carved in wood tablets, to the public in shinto shrines
* Soroban, a Japanese abacus
* Enri (a Japanese analogon to the western calculus)

External links

* East Asia Institute, University of Cambridge: [http://www.oriental.cam.ac.uk/jbib/edoint11.html Further reading/bibliography]
* [http://www.wasan.jp/english/index.html Sangaku]


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