Ruggero Santilli

Ruggero Santilli
Born	September 8, 1935 (1935-09-08) (age 76) Capracotta, Molise, Italy
Nationality	American
Fields	Theoretical physics
Institutions	MIT, Harvard, Boston University
Alma mater	University of Naples, University of Turin
Known for	Hadronic Physics, Hadronic Chemistry, Magnecules, Controlled Intermediate Nuclear Fusion

Ruggero Maria Santilli (born September 8, 1935) is an Italian-American physicist and a proponent of ideas, some of which have been called fringe scientific theories.^[1]

Biography

Ruggero Maria Santilli was born in Capracotta, in the Italian region of Molise. Santilli studied physics at the University of Naples and went on to attend the Graduate School in Physics of the University of Turin, graduating in 1966. While studying for his Phd Santilli was granted the Chair in Nuclear Physics at the Avogardo Technical Institute in Turin, Italy.^{[citation needed]} In 1967 he was invited by the University of Miami to conduct research under NASA financial support. Starting in 1968, Santilli was an Associate Professor of Physics at Boston University, teaching physics and mathematics and conducted research for the United States Air Force. During this time, he became a naturalized American citizen. In August 1974 to August 1977 Santilli was a visiting scholar at the Center for Theoretical Physics of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. From September 1977 to August 1981 was a visiting scholar at the Department of Mathematics Harvard University under Department of Energy funding jointly with Shlomo Sternberg.^[2] In September 1981 Santilli established and became the President of the Institute for Basic Research.^[3] Santilli is now Chariman of the Board, CEO, and Chief Scientist of MagneGas Corporation.^[4]

Work

Hadronic mechanics and hadronic chemistry

Although Santilli has published papers in the mainstream scientific literature, a large amount of his work has dealt with his so-called hadronic mechanics, a novel fundamental theory of the universe named after the composite particle hadron, which is not generally accepted by the physics community. Santilli, a voluminous writer, has published hundreds of papers and a number of books on this and related subjects, including applications to chemistry, superconductivity, biology, and cosmology.^[3][5][6]

Most of his work on this theory has been published in Hadronic Journal, a journal of which Santilli himself is the founder and chief editor. Santilli has also established the journals Hadronic Journal Supplement and Algebras, Groups and Geometries, in which he publishes papers by himself and others. These journals are published by Hadronic Press, a firm of which Santilli's spouse Carla Santilli is the sole officer/director.^[7]

Magnecule theory

Santilli claims to have developed novel fuels, named "MagneGas" and "MagneHydrogen".^[8][9][10] They are produced by plasma arc gasification of liquid waste.^[11] Santilli claims that these fuels are composed of magnecules.^[12][13][14] These hypothetical magnecules are a type of theoretical chemical species proposed by Santilli, distinguished from better-known species by containing a novel type of bond called a "magnecular bond", which he claims consists of atoms held together by magnetic fields which arise from toroidal polarization of their electron orbitals.^[14][15] Neither these claims nor the existence of magnecules have been accepted by the scientific community.

This paper^[16] by Santilli claims (e.g. on its p. 21) that many types of magnecules have been identified.

HHO gas

Magnecules have also been invoked as an explanation for a purported "HHO gas", which Santilli claims is "a new form of water" produced by electrolysis.^[14][17] The name comes from the supposed chemical structure (H × H)–O, where “×” represents a "magnecular bond" and “−” a conventional molecular bond. This has subsequently been adopted by water-fueled car scams and pseudoscience involving electrolysis machines and water torches.^[18] It is claimed that these devices produce HHO gas, with a number of unique properties, instead of the usual oxyhydrogen gas, which is simply a mixture of diatomic hydrogen and oxygen gases.

In 2006, J.M. Calo, an engineer at Brown, wrote in the International Journal of Hydrogen Energy that Santilli's article had "many serious misinterpretations, and misunderstandings of the 'data' presented," and that Santilli had not provided scientific evidence to support HHO gas's existence.^[17] Two scientists, Martin Cloonan^[19] and J. V. Kadeisvili^[20] have published replies to Calo's article, in support of Santilli's "HHO Gas" theory.

Scientific paradigms and conspiracies

In his book Il Grande Grido: Ethical Probe on Einstein's Followers in the U.S.A, an Insiders View, Santilli claims that in many institutions there is an effective conspiracy to suppress or not investigate novel theories which may conflict with established scientific theories, such as Einstein's theory of relativity. Institutions receive funding and have established entire departments dedicated to long established theories, and so he argues that these same institutions are ill equipped to challenge their own scientific paradigms with new theories. Santilli claimed that a number of scientists, including Nobel Laureates Sheldon Glashow and Steven Weinberg conspired, while he was at Harvard, to stop him from conducting research which might have led to the inapplicability of part of Einstein's theory of relativity.^[21][22]

Lawsuits

Santilli has filed a number of lawsuits related to his scientific ideas^[23]. These include suing several journals, including Infinite Energy, to force them to cite his work, and suing the arXiv preprint server^[24].

Selected publications

• Santilli, Ruggero (1978). The inverse problem in Newtonian mechanics. New York: Springer-Verlag. OCLC 9020170. 
• Santilli, Ruggero (1978). Foundations of Theoretical Mechanics. Berlin: Springer-Verlag. ISBN 0387088741. 
• Santilli, Ruggero (1983). Birkhoffian Generalization of Hamiltonian Mechanics. Berlin: Springer-Verlag. ISBN 0387094822. 
• Santilli, Ruggero (1984). Il Grande Grido. Louisville: Alpha Pub. ISBN 0931753007. 
• Santilli, Ruggero (1984). Direct universality of the Lie-admissible algebras. Nonantum, Mass.: Hadronic Press. ISBN 0911767088. 
• Relativistic hadronic mechanics: Nonunitary, axiom-preserving completion of relativistic quantum mechanics, Ruggero Maria Santilli, Foundations of Physics, 27, #5 (May 1997), pp. 625–729. DOI 10.1007/BF02550172.
• Santilli, Ruggero (2001). Foundations of Hadronic Chemistry: with Applications to New Clean Energies and Fuels. Berlin: Springer. ISBN 1402000871. 
• Structure and Combustion of Magnegases, R. M. Santilli and A. K. Aringazin, arXiv:physics/0112066v1.
• Santilli, Ruggero (2006). Isodual theory of antimatter with applications to antigravity, grand unification and cosmology. Dordrecht: Springer. ISBN 1402045182. 

References

1. ^ Weimar, Carrie (May 7, 2007). "Snubbed By Mainstream, Scientist Sues". St. Petersburg Times. http://news.google.com/newspapers?id=BYtIAAAAIBAJ&sjid=e3QDAAAAIBAJ&pg=1570,2000590&dq=ruggero-santilli+fringe&hl=en. Retrieved 3 February 2011. 
2. ^ Integrability conditions for the existence of a Lagrangian in Newtonian mechanics and field theory, S. Sternberg and R. M. Santilli, Annual Progress Report, 1 March 1978–31 May 1979, Harvard University.
3. ^ ^{a b} CV on Institute for Basic Research
4. ^ "MagneGas Company". MagneGas Corporation. http://www.magnegas.com/company_corp.html. Retrieved 3 June 2011. 
5. ^ Conceptual, theoretical, and experimental foundations of hadronic mechanics, superconductivity and chemistry, IBR staff. Accessed 2007-03-08.
6. ^ Erik Trell (February 2003). "Book review: Foundations of hadronic chemistry with applications to new clean energies and fuels: R.M. Santilli; Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston, Dordrecht, London, December 2001, ISBN 1-4020-0087-1". International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 28 (2): 251–353. doi:10.1016/S0360-3199(02)00031-9. 
7. ^ "Earthfirst Technologies Inc · 10QSB · For 3/31/02". SEC Info. http://www.secinfo.com/dSm4r.312y.htm. Retrieved 2007-03-02. 
8. ^ "From trash to gas". CNN. http://money.cnn.com/video/fortune/2010/09/22/f_bsg_magnegas_natural_gas.fortune/. 
9. ^ "Recycling Liquid Wastes and Crude Oil into MagneGas and MagneHydrogen". August 30, 2003. Archived from the original on 2007-02-04. http://web.archive.org/web/20070204141253/http://www.magnegas.com/technology/index.htm. Retrieved 2007-03-02. 
10. ^ Sterling D. Allan (August 25, 2006). "Interview with Dr. Santilli of MagneGas". http://pesn.com/Radio/Free_Energy_Now/shows/060826.htm. Retrieved 2007-03-02. 
11. ^ Application of hadronic mechanics, superconductivity and chemistry to new clean fuels and energies, IBR staff. Accessed on line October 25, 2007.
12. ^ Application of hadronic mechanics, superconductivity and chemistry to new clean fuels and energies (continued), IBR staff. Accessed on line October 25, 2007.
13. ^ [1], accessed 2007-03-08.^{[dead link]}
14. ^ ^{a b c} Ruggero Maria Santilli. "A new gaseous and combustible form of water" (courtesy copy). International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 31: 1113–1128. doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2005.11.006. http://blog.everydayscientist.com/wp-content/uploads/2006_Santilli_IntJofHydrogenEnergy31_1113_CombustibleFormWater3.pdf. 
15. ^ R. M. Santilli, A. K. Aringazin (December 20, 2001). "Structure and Combustion of Magnegases". Hadronic Journal (27): p. 299–330. arXiv:physics/0112066. Bibcode 2001physics..12066S. 
16. ^ Santilli, Ruggero Maria (2006-02-17). The Novel 'Controlled Intermediate Nuclear Fusion' and its Possible Industrial Realization as Predicted by Hadronic Mechanics and Chemistry. arXiv:physics/0602125. Bibcode 2007JApSc...7.1679S. 
17. ^ ^{a b} J. M. Calo (November 3, 2006). "Comments on "A new gaseous and combustible form of water" by R.M. Santilli (Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 2006: 31(9), 1113–1128)" (courtesy copy). International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 32: 1309–1312. doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2006.11.004. http://www.scientificethics.org/Calo.pdf. 
18. ^ Popularmechanics.com
19. ^ Martin O. Cloonan. "A chemist's view of J.M. Calo's comments on: "A new gaseous and combustible form of water" by R.M. Santilli (Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 2006:31(9), 1113–1128)" (courtesy copy). International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 33: 922–926. doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2007.11.009. http://www.scientificethics.org/Cloonan.pdf. 
20. ^ J.V. Kadeisvili. "Rebuttal of J.M. Calo's comments on R.M. Santilli's HHO paper" (courtesy copy). International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 33: 918–921. doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2007.10.030. http://www.scientificethics.org/Kadeisvili.pdf. 
21. ^ "The Politics of Science: II Grande Grido Ethical Probe on Einstein's Followers in the U.S.A.-An Insider's View By Ruggcro Maria Santilli Alpha Publishing: 354 pp, $19.50.". The Harvard Crimson. March 20, 1985. http://www.thecrimson.com/article/1985/3/20/the-politics-of-science-pbmbost-ameficans/. 
22. ^ Farrell, John (6 July 2000). "Did Einstein cheat?". Salon.com. http://www.salon.com/people/feature/2000/07/06/einstein/. Retrieved 30 August 2010. 
23. ^ Weimar, Carrie (May 9, 2007). "Snubbed by mainstream, scrappy scientist sues". St. Petersburg Times. http://www.sptimes.com/2007/05/09/Hillsborough/Snubbed_by_mainstream.shtml. Retrieved 29 June 2011. 
24. ^ "International Committee on Scientific Ethics and Accountability". http://www.scientificethics.org/. Retrieved 29 June 2011. 

External links

• Santilli's World Lecture Series
• MagneGas Corporate Website

Persondata
Name	Santilli, Ruggero Maria
Alternative names
Short description
Date of birth	September 8, 1935
Place of birth	Capracotta, Molise, Italy
Date of death
Place of death