Bowfell

Infobox Mountain
Name = Bowfell
Photo = Bowfell.jpg
Caption = Bowfell from Shelter Crags, about a mile south along the ridge
Elevation = 902 m (2,949 ft)
Location = Cumbria, ENG
Range = Lake District, Southern Fells
Prominence = 146 m
Parent peak = Scafell Pike
Coordinates =
Topographic
OS "Landrangers" 89, 90 "Explorer" OL6
Grid_ref_UK = NY245064
Listing = Hewitt, Nuttall, Wainwright
Translation =
Language =

GB summits entry
Name=Bowfell North Top
Gridref=NY244070
Height=866 m (2,840 ft)
Status=Nuttall

Bowfell (named "Bow Fell" on Ordnance Survey maps) is a pyramid-shaped mountain lying at the very heart of the English Lake District, in the Southern Fells area. It is the sixth highest mountain in the lakes and one of the most popular of the Lakeland fells, and there are many different routes to the summit.

Topography

The Southern Fells include the highest ground in England, a horseshoe which begins with Scafell and Scafell Pike in the west and then curves around the north of Upper Eskdale to take in Great End, Esk Pike, Bowfell and Crinkle Crags.

In addition to Eskdale, Bowfell has a footing in two other well known Lakeland valleys. It stands at the head of Great Langdale — its east ridge dividing the two branches of Mickleden and Oxendale — while to the north is the Langstrath branch of Borrowdale. From all of these valleys Bowfell presents a striking profile with a conical top resting upon a wider summit plateau.

To the north west of Bowfell the main ridge drops to the depression of Ore Gap, named for its reddish soil, rich in haematite. Below the col on the northern side is Angle Tarn. This round waterbody occupies a corrie beneath Hanging Knotts, small trout lurking in its 50 ft depths. Its outflow is a tributary of the Langstrath Beck, making for Stonethwaite. Blair, Don: "Exploring Lakeland Tarns": Lakeland Manor Press (2003): ISBN 0-9543-9041-5 ] To the south of Ore Gap runs Yeastyrigg Gill, the main headwater of Lingcove Beck, flowing into the fastness of upper Eskdale. Beyond the Gap the ridge makes the stoney three tiered climb to the white rocked summit of Esk Pike.

Southward of Bowfell the ridge falls steeply to Three Tarns, the col separating it from Crinkle Crags. The depression takes its name from a number of small pools, often two, but sometimes more after rain. Busco Sike flowing to the east is the longest feeder of Oxendale Beck in Great Langdale.

Bowfell sends out two subsidiary ridges to the east. The Band is a descending rigg starting from the southern end of the summit plateau. It is this ridge which divides Oxendale from Mickleden, making straight for Stool End Farm on the valley floor. The Band has a minor top about halfway down named White Stones,Birkett, Bill: "Complete Lakeland Fells": Collins Willow (1994): ISBN 0-0021-8406-0] although most guidebooks do not consider it notable. The second ridge begins at the northern end of the summit plateau and crosses a sharp depression at the head of Rossett Gill to make for Rossett Pike. The continuation of this ridge provides the connection to the Central Fells, forming the northern wall of Great Langdale as it crosses Martcrag Moor, bound for the Langdale Pikes.

Geology

The predominant rocks on Bowfell are the volcaniclastic sandstones of the Seathwaite Fell Formation, with interbeds of andesite outcropping near the summit. The pebbly sandstone and breccias of the Pavey Ark Member also cross the fell.British Geological Survey: 1:50,000 series maps, "England & Wales Sheet 38": BGS (1998)]

ummit and View

The summit area is a ridge running north-south with the final pyramid near the southwest corner and crags on three sides. The southern face is formed by Bowfell Links, an impressive wall of crag scarred by nine vertical gullies and with corresponding tongues of scree at its foot. A climb up these is neither pleasurable nor safe as they are extremely active loose rock channels. The eastern face carries a wealth of features including Flat Crag, Cambridge Crag and the Bowfell Buttress, the latter two providing good climbing. Flat Crag includes the Great Slab, a remarkable tilted sheet of rock which looks exactly how it sounds. Below these faces runs the Climber's Traverse, a narrow path providing an excellent high-level walking route to the summit from the highest point of The Band. This largely horizontal line contours around beneath many of Bowfell's most dramatic crags, finally reaching the summit via a rocky route known as the River of Boulders, running parallel to the Great Slab. Finally on the north east corner of the summit ridge is Hanging Knotts, a complex series of faces and outcrops looking down upon Angle Tarn.

The highest point carries not so much a cairn as a rearrangement of some loose rock at the apex of the pyramid. The panorama is excellent, improved immeasurably by the steep final slope and lack of foreground. Every major group of fells in Lakeland is seen well from this superb vantage point — the Helvellyn range from end-to-end and the Langdale Pikes across Langdale — but the piece of the view is Scafell Pike towering above Eskdale.Alfred Wainwright: "A Pictorial Guide to the Lakeland Fells", Book 4: ISBN 0-7112-2457-9]

Ascents

The Band provides the most popular means of ascent, Bowfell's majestic position at the head of Great Langdale acting as an irresistible magnet to many. Other routes from Langdale climb via Rossett Gill and Three Tarns. Bowfell can be reached from Stonethwaite via Angle Tarn although the way is long. Equally time consuming although perhaps more picturesque is the long march up Eskdale from Brotherikeld, gaining the ridge at either Ore Gap or Three Tarns.Richards, Mark: "Mid-Western Fells": Collins (2004): ISBN 0-00-711368-4] Indirect climbs can also be made via Crinkle Crags, Esk Pike or Rossett Pike.

References