Deacon process

The Deacon process was a secondary process used during the manufacture of alkalis (the initial end product was sodium carbonate) by the Leblanc process. Hydrogen chloride gas was converted to chlorine gas which was then used to manufacture a commercially valuable bleaching powder, and at the same time the emission of waste hydrochloric acid was curtailed. To some extent this technically sophisticated process superseded the earlier manganese dioxide process.

Invented by Henry Deacon in 1874. The process was based on this reaction:

4HCl + O₂ → 2Cl₂ + 2H₂O

The reaction takes place at about 400 to 450 °C in the presence of a copper chloride (CuCl₂) catalyst. Three companies developed commercial processes for producing chlorine based on the Deacon reaction:

• The Kel-Chlor process developed by the M.W. Kellogg Company in the United States.
• The Shell-Chlor process developed by the Shell Oil Company in the Netherlands.
• The MT-Chlor process developed by the Mitsui Toatsu Company in Japan.

The Deacon process is now outdated technology. Most chlorine today is produced by using electrolytic processes.

However, recent developments with new catalysts based on Ruthenium(IV) oxide were developed by Sumitomo and the first detailed mechanistic study can be found in J. Catal. 255, 29 (2008).

Leblanc-Deacon process

The Leblanc-Deacon process is a modification of the Leblanc process. The Leblanc process was notoriously environmentally unfriendly, and resulted in some of the first Air and Water pollution acts. In 1874, Henry Deacon had devised a process to reduce HCl emissions as mandated by the Alkali Act. In this process, hydrogen chloride is oxidized by oxygen over a copper chloride catalyst, resulting in the production of chlorine. This was widely used in the paper and textile industries as a bleaching agent, and as a result sodium carbonate was no longer the primary product of these plants, and henceforth sold at a loss.

See also

• Chlorine#Other methods

External links

• http://www.che.lsu.edu/COURSES/4205/2000/Lim/paper.htm
• http://www.electrochem.org/dl/interface/fal/fal98/IF8-98-Pages32-36.pdf

This chemical reaction article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.v · Categories: Chemical processes Inorganic reactions Chlorine Chemical reaction stubs Wikimedia Foundation. 2010. Игры ⚽ Нужно сделать НИР? John Beaumont, 4th Baron Beaumont Dodge Ram Look at other dictionaries: deacon process — ˈdēkən noun Usage: usually capitalized D Etymology: after Henry Deacon, 19th century English chemist : a method of obtaining chlorine gas by passing air and hydrogen chloride over a heated catalyst (as copper chloride) …   Useful english dictionary Deacon's process — Process Proc ess, n. [F. proc[ e]s, L. processus. See {Proceed}.] [1913 Webster] 1. The act of proceeding; continued forward movement; procedure; progress; advance. Long process of time. Milton. [1913 Webster] The thoughts of men are widened with …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English Process — Proc ess, n. [F. proc[ e]s, L. processus. See {Proceed}.] [1913 Webster] 1. The act of proceeding; continued forward movement; procedure; progress; advance. Long process of time. Milton. [1913 Webster] The thoughts of men are widened with the… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English Process milling — Process Proc ess, n. [F. proc[ e]s, L. processus. See {Proceed}.] [1913 Webster] 1. The act of proceeding; continued forward movement; procedure; progress; advance. Long process of time. Milton. [1913 Webster] The thoughts of men are widened with …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English Deacon White — For other people named James White, see James White (disambiguation). Deacon White Catcher, Third baseman Born: December 7, 1847 …   Wikipedia Deacon-Verfahren — Als Deacon Verfahren wird die Herstellung von Chlor durch Oxidation von Chlorwasserstoff mit Sauerstoff bezeichnet. Das Verfahren wurde vom englischen Chemiker Henry Deacon (1822–1876) im Jahre 1868 zum Patent angemeldet. Inhaltsverzeichnis 1… …   Deutsch Wikipedia Industrial process — Industrial processes are procedures involving chemical or mechanical steps to aid in the manufacture of an item or items, usually carried out on a very large scale.Industrial processes are the key components of heavy industry.Most processes make… …   Wikipedia Final process — Process Proc ess, n. [F. proc[ e]s, L. processus. See {Proceed}.] [1913 Webster] 1. The act of proceeding; continued forward movement; procedure; progress; advance. Long process of time. Milton. [1913 Webster] The thoughts of men are widened with …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English In process — Process Proc ess, n. [F. proc[ e]s, L. processus. See {Proceed}.] [1913 Webster] 1. The act of proceeding; continued forward movement; procedure; progress; advance. Long process of time. Milton. [1913 Webster] The thoughts of men are widened with …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English Jury process — Process Proc ess, n. [F. proc[ e]s, L. processus. See {Proceed}.] [1913 Webster] 1. The act of proceeding; continued forward movement; procedure; progress; advance. Long process of time. Milton. [1913 Webster] The thoughts of men are widened with …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English 18+ © Academic, 2000-2024 Contact us: Technical Support, Advertising Dictionaries export, created on PHP, Joomla, Drupal, WordPress, MODx. Mark and share Search through all dictionaries Translate… Search Internet Share the article and excerpts Direct link … Do a right-click on the link above and select “Copy Link”