Jack Hawkins

Infobox actor
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name = Jack Hawkins


imagesize = 250px
caption = from the trailer for the film "Ben-Hur" (1959).
birthname = John Edward Hawkins
birthdate = 14 September 1910
birthplace = Wood Green, London, England
deathdate = 18 July 1973 ( age 62 )
deathplace = Chelsea, London, England
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occupation = Actor
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spouse = Jessica Tandy, Doreen Lawrence
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John Edward "Jack" Hawkins (14 September 1910 – 18 July 1973) was an English film actor of the 1950s, 1960s and early 1970s.

Hawkins was born at Lyndhurst Road, Wood Green, Middlesex, the son of master builder Thomas George Hawkins and his wife, Phoebe "née" Goodman. The youngest of four children in a close-knit family, Jack was educated at Trinity County School, Middlesex, where he joined his school choir at the age of eight; two years later he sang in the local operatic society's "Patience" by Gilbert and Sullivan.

Hawkins attended stage school in London, the Italia Conti Academy, which led to his London stage debut in "Where the Rainbow Ends" at the Holborn Empire on 26 December 1923, a production that also included the young Noël Coward. Hawkins made his New York stage debut on Broadway by 22 March 1929 as Second Lieutenant Hibbert in R. C. Sherriff's "Journey's End", by the age of 18.

As early as 1933, the drama critic of the Evening News called him ‘the most indubitable of matinée idols’ [Hawkins, 71] and predicted that he might outstrip talented contemporaries such as Ralph Richardson and John Gielgud, and in the pre-war years Hawkins often worked with the latter. The high point of this collaboration was Gielgud's staging, in the period of the Phoney War, of Oscar Wilde's "The Importance of Being Earnest" in which Hawkins scintillated in the role of Algernon Moncrieff.

After the fall of France in 1940, Hawkins volunteered for service with the Royal Welch Fusiliers. He was posted to India where he was put in charge of troop entertainment and, by July 1944, he was a colonel commanding the administration of the Entertainments National Service Association (ENSA) for India and Southeast Asia.

Although he had appeared in several films during the 1930s, it was only after World War II that he began to build a successful career in the cinema; he signed a three-year film contract with Alexander Korda and later switched to Rank, ceasing to appear on the stage after 1951. He often playing stern but sympathetic authority figures in films like "Angels One Five" (1952), "The Cruel Sea" (1953), the film that made him a star, and "The Long Arm" (1956).

From the late 1950s, he mostly appeared in character roles, often in epic films like "The Bridge on the River Kwai" (1957), "Lawrence of Arabia" (1962) (playing General Edmund Allenby) and "Oh! What a Lovely War" (1969). For "Kwai", he had to persuade his good friend, Alec Guinness, to take the lead role, which would ultimately win Guinness an Oscar. Some of his more unusual roles included an Egyptian Pharaoh in "Land of the Pharaohs" (1955), Ben Hur's adoptive Roman father Quintus Arrius in "Ben-Hur" (1955), and "Zulu" (1964), where he played against type as the fanatical Reverend Otto Witt.

Ironically, Hawkins was politically liberal and an emotional man, in sharp contrast to his conservative screen image. Indeed, one of his favourite films, "The League of Gentlemen" (1960), was considered quite groundbreaking for its time in its references to sex, and he also actively sought the role of a gay barrister in "Victim" (1961), which was eventually played by Dirk Bogarde.

Jack Hawkins was married twice: from 22 October 1932 until 1942 to the actress Jessica Tandy (1909–1994), with whom he had a daughter, and from 31 October 1947 until his death to actress Doreen Lawrence (whose real name was Doreen Mary Atkinson, née Beadle), with whom he had a daughter, Caroline and two sons, Nick and Andrew. Hawkins began experiencing voice problems in the late 1950s; unknown to the public he had undergone "cobalt treatment" in 1959 for what was then described as a secondary condition of the larynx, but which was probably cancer. In private, he used a mechanical larynx to aid his speech.cite book | first=Jack | last=Hawkins | title=Anything for a Quiet Life | publisher=Coronet | location=London | year=1975 | id=ISBN 0340198664] In December 1965, he was diagnosed with throat cancer and his entire larynx was removed in January of the following year; thereafter his performances were dubbed, often (with Hawkins's approval) by actor Charles Gray.

Following an unsuccessful operation to fit him with an artificial voice box, he died at St Stephen's Hospital, Fulham Road, London, on 18 July 1973 [GRO Register of Deaths: SEP 1973 5a 1339 CHELSEA - John Edward Hawkins, DoB = 14 Sep 1910] : he was 62. His final appearance was in the television miniseries "QB VII". His autobiography, "Anything For a Quiet Life", was published after his death. He was cremated and interred at the Golders Green Crematorium.

elected filmography

*"Birds of Prey" (1930)
*"The Lodger" (1932)
*"The Good Companions" (1933)
*"Peg of Old Drury" (1935)
*"The Next of Kin" (1942)
*"The Fallen Idol" (1948)
*"Bonnie Prince Charlie" (1948)
*"The Small Back Room" (1949)
*"The Elusive Pimpernel" (1950)
*"State Secret" (1950)
*"The Black Rose" (1950)
*"No Highway in the Sky" (1951)
*"Angels One Five" (1952)
*"Mandy" (1952)
*"The Planter's Wife" (1952)
*"The Cruel Sea" (1953)
*"Malta Story" (1953)
*"Twice Upon a Time" (1953)
*"The Intruder" (1953)
*"The Seekers" (1954)
*"Front Page Story" (1954)
*"Land of the Pharaohs" (1955)
*"The Prisoner" (1955)
*"The Long Arm" (1956)
*"Fortune is a Woman" (1957)
*"The Man in the Sky" (1957)
*"The Bridge on the River Kwai" (1957)
*"The Two-Headed Spy" (1958)
*"Gideon's Day" (USA title: "Gideon of Scotland Yard") (1958)
*"The League of Gentlemen" (1959)
*"Ben-Hur" (1959)
*"Five Finger Exercise" (1962)
*"Lawrence of Arabia" (1962)
*"Zulu" (1964)
*"Guns at Batasi" (1964)
*"Lord Jim" (1965)
*"Judith" (1966)
*"Shalako" (1968)
*"Oh! What a Lovely War" (1969)
*"Monte Carlo or Bust" (1969)
*"Waterloo" (1970)
*"Jane Eyre" (1970)
*"When Eight Bells Toll" (1971)
*"Nicholas and Alexandra" (1971)
*"Kidnapped" (1971)
*"Young Winston" (1972)
*"Theatre of Blood" (1973)
*"Tales That Witness Madness" (1973)

References and sources

External links

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* [http://www.britishcinemagreats.com/Actors_page/jack_hawkins/jack_hawkins_page_1.htm British Cinema Greats Page]