Green Pond, New Jersey

Infobox lake
lake_name = Green Pond
image_lake = Green Pond Lake.jpg
caption_lake = Summer 2006
image_bathymetry =
caption_bathymetry =
location = Morris County, New Jersey
coords = coord|41|01|02|N|74|28|40|W|type:waterbody_region:US-NJ|display=inline,title
type =
inflow =
outflow =
catchment =
basin_countries = United States
length =
width =
area = convert|465|acre|km2|abbr=on
depth =
max-depth =
volume =
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elevation = convert|1040|ft|m|abbr=on
islands =
cities =

Green Pond is the name of both a lake and of a private lakeside residential community in northern New Jersey. The lakeside community is managed by two corporations, Green Pond Corporation and Lake End Corporation. Despite a name suggestive of a small lily pad and algae-coated pool, Green Pond lake is moderately large (approximately 2 miles long and ½ mile in breadth at its widest point - 465 acres total), and the water clarity is high due to the lake's source (underground cold-water springs).

Green Pond is located in Rockaway Township in Morris County, but has a Newfoundland, New Jersey (Passaic County) mailing address. Newfoundland came to wider attention in 2003 when large portions of the independent film, "The Station Agent", were filmed there. Several scenes of this film took place on Green Pond Road (County Route 513), a public thoroughfare which connects a former New York, Susquehanna and Western Railway depot and Route 23 to Lake End Road and to the private lanes of the Green Pond Village community. Lakeside scenes of "The Station Agent" that were set on Green Pond were actually filmed elsewhere, as the Lake End and Green Pond Corporations denied lake access to the film-makers.

New homeowners in either Green Pond or Lake End Corporations pay a fee to the relevant corporation in addition to the usual real estate closing fees, and become "stockholders" in exchange for an interest in the common lands which surround the community. Only stockholders and their guests may access the lake and the community facilities, which include tennis courts, ballfields, a community center, and a membership-only yacht club that races Comet sailboats. On summer weekends and major holidays, a security guard is stationed at the entrance to Green Pond village to prevent unauthorized access to the beach areas.

Green Pond is spring-fed glacial lake (elevation 1,048 feet) that runs along a roughly northeast-southwest axis, bordered on the longer, lateral sides by rocky terrain. On the eastern side is [http://geonames.usgs.gov/pls/gnispublic/f?p=gnispq:3:::NO::P3_FID:875649 Copperas Mountain] (elevation 1,222 feet), and on the west, [http://geonames.usgs.gov/pls/gnispublic/f?p=gnispq:3:::NO::P3_FID:876789 Green Pond Mountain] (elevation 1,240 feet) rises sharply from the lake with a boulder-strewn shoreline. The lake's outflow at the southwestern end is into tributaries of the Pequannock River, which run through the United States Army's Picatinny Arsenal and through an area of legally-designated wetlands where development is restricted.

The lake has a number of sand bars and other shoaling features, and the average depth is 13 feet. There are deeper areas also: the maximum depth was measured at 80 feet during soundings taken in the 1950s. The lake is stocked seasonally with trout and bass; other aquatic species include sunfish, bluegills, pickerel, and snapping turtles.

Geology and Mining History

The geology of the Green Pond region is peculiar. [ [http://3dparks.wr.usgs.gov/nyc/valleyandridge/greenpond.htm United States Geological Survey primer on New York City Geology] ] The lake is situated in the center of the precambrian New York-New Jersey Highlands, a northeast-southwest system of folded and faulted igneous and metamorphic rocks that form numerous ridges and valleys. The "Green Pond Outlier", named for the lake, is a thin belt of Paleozoic sedimentary rocks that bisects the precambrian crystalline rocks and extends for more than 60 miles between Interstate 80 in New Jersey and the New York Thruway in New York. In some places, the ground cover is glacial till from the terminal moraine of the Wisconsin glaciation.

From the American Revolutionary War period onwards, the area around Green Pond was a site of extensive mining activity - especially iron mining, which peaked in the 19th century. Currently, there is no active mining in New Jersey. The name "Copperas" (an older term for ferrous sulfate) attests to this history, and the ruins of at least 3 mines are reportedly visible nearby: [W.S. Bayley, The Iron Mines of New Jersey (1910), New Jersey Geological Survey, Final Report Series of the State geologist, volume VII, 512p.]

* Canfield Mine at the base of Copperas Mountain, where the mined ore was magnetite hosted in Pochuck gneiss.
* Winter Mine, iron in magnetite ore, located east of Green Pond, which opened in 1882 and reopened in the spring of 1885, but closed before 1886. The ore vein was 4 meters wide.
* Pardee Mine, another iron mine in magnetite ore hosted in Poichuck gneiss. Located east of Green Pond at the base of Copperas Mountain, Pardee started about 1870 and closed in 1872, then reopened about 1882 and closed permanently in 1884. This mine reportedly produced 2,500 tons of ore.

ettlement history

Before Dutch settlement of northern New Jersey began in the late 17th century, the region was home to the Lenape Native American tribes. However, despite the 18th- and 19th-century mining activity in nearby areas, the Green Pond lakeshore and immediate environs were sparsely populated by permanent residents until the 20th century. Green Pond village, at the north end of the Lake, was a Methodist church summer camp from the 1920s into the 1940s, and many of the village houses that date to this period remain unheated bungalows of the American Craftsman style that are used primarily during the summertime. However, due to pressure from rising real estate costs in the New York City suburbs, these holiday cottages are gradually giving way to year-round dwellings with central heating. Along the eastern and southern shores of the lake - areas controlled by the Lake End Corporation - almost all of the houses are now inhabited year-round. A few houses are accessible only by boat, most notably the Seven Sisters, an isolated cluster of summer houses on the west side of the lake.

Notable residents

Notable current and former residents of Green Pond include:
*Lou Benfatti (1971-), former defensive tackle for the New York Jets (1994-1996). [Lange, Randy. [http://infoweb.newsbank.com/iw-search/we/InfoWeb?p_action=doc&p_docid=0EAF928F8C4EF40A&p_docnum=1&p_queryname=NaN&p_product=NewsBank&p_theme=aggregated4&p_nbid=I53N59FQMTE4NTg0NzQ0OS4yODY4NjU6MTo3OnJhLTE4ODg "CRUSHING HALT TO JETS CAREER: BROKEN NECK KOS BENFATTI"] , "The Record (Bergen County)", April 8, 1997. Accessed August 2, 2007. "Benfatti hides his turmoil well behind a calm demeanor that has been his trademark at Morris Knolls High School, at Penn State, and as a third-round draft pick of the Jets in 1994."] [ [http://www.mhrd.k12.nj.us/mk/mkathletics/athletes/benfatti/ Lou Benfatti] , Morris Knolls High School. Accessed August 2, 2007.]
*Robin Cook (1940-), a medical doctor and prolific author of "medical thrillers" is most known for his fiction novel, "Coma" (1977). Cook's other works include "Outbreak" (1987), "Vital Signs" (1991), and "Toxin" (1998).Fact|date=May 2008

References

*gnis|876785|Green Pond (lake)
*gnis|876786|Green Pond (populated place)