Apito Dourado

The Apito Dourado ("Golden Whistle") affair is a corruption sports scandal in Portuguese football that first arose in 2004. Portuguese Judiciary Police (Polícia Judiciária) investigators named several football personalities as suspects ("arguidos") of corrupting or attempting to corrupt referees, including Jorge Nuno Pinto da Costa, chairman of FC Porto, [ [http://www.abc.net.au/sport/content/200412/s1257302.htm "Police raid HQ of European champions Porto"] , ABC (Source: AFP-Agence France-Presse), December 3, 2004, accessed December 2006] and the former Boavista FC chairman and Portuguese League for Professional Football president Valentim Loureiro [ [http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/3643515.stm "Portugal football bosses arrested"] , BBC News, 20 April, 2004, accessed December 2006] .

In December 2006, Pinto da Costa's former partner Carolina Salgado published the book "Eu, Carolina" ("I, Carolina") where she made serious accusations against him. Pinto da Costa deemed these accusations 'absurd' and said he would adress them in court. [ [http://www.tsf.pt/online/desporto/interior.asp?id_artigo=TSF176083 "Pinto da Costa não comenta acusações"] , TSF Online, 12 December, 2006, accessed June 2007 (in Portuguese)] Carolina Salgado's book caused the two cases in which Pinto da Costa was involved, which had already been dismissed, to be reopened. [ [http://www.correiodamanha.pt/noticia.asp?id=223726&idselect=133&idCanal=133&p=22 "Carolina Salgado Testemunha da Judiciária"] , Correio da Manhã, 12 December, 2006, accessed December 2006 (in Portuguese)]

In March 2008, Porto's Tribunal de Instrução Criminal decided that one of these cases, concerning a match between FC Porto and SC Beira-Mar, would proceed to trial. [ [http://uk.reuters.com/article/UK_WORLDFOOTBALL/idUKL2587848820080325 "Soccer-Porto president to stand trial for alleged bribery"] , Reuters, 25 March 2008, accessed July 2008] The other one, concerning a match between FC Porto and Estrela da Amadora, was dismissed for the second time in June 2008. [ [http://sol.sapo.pt/PaginaInicial/Sociedade/Interior.aspx?content_id=99944 "Pinto da Costa não vai a julgamento e Carolina Salgado acusada de falsas declarações"] Sol, 30 June 2008, accessed July 2008 (in Portuguese)]

In July 2008 Valentim Loureiro was found guilty of abuse of power but not guilty of corruption. He was sentenced to three years, two months of suspended jail time. [ [http://tsf.sapo.pt/paginainicial/Portugal/interior.aspx?content_id=969333 "Valentim condenado a três anos e dois meses de prisão com pena suspensa por abuso de poder"] , TSF Online, 18 July 2008, accessed July 2008 (in Portuguese)]

Apito Final

In 2008 the Portuguese League for Professional Football started an unrelated process calling it "Apito Final" ("Final Whistle"). On May 9, 2008, Boavista FC were relegated to Liga de Honra for bribery and FC Porto were docked six points for attempted bribery. This caused UEFA's Control and Disciplinary Body to ban the team from the UEFA Champions League 2008-09, [ [http://www.uefa.com/uefa/keytopics/kind=512/newsid=705421.html "Porto not admitted to Champions League"] , UEFA.com, 4 June 2008, accessed July 2008] but this decision was later annulled by UEFA's Appeals Body, [ [http://www.uefa.com/uefa/keytopics/kind=512/newsid=719886.html "Porto admission confirmed"] , UEFA.com, 16 June 2008, accessed July 2008] meaning Porto has been admitted to the competition. The Portuguese League has also sentenced Pinto da Costa to a two-year suspension, João Loureiro, former Boavista chairman and Valentim Loureiro's son, to a four-year suspension and João Bartolomeu, União de Leiria chairman, to a one-year suspension. Five referees have also been suspended. [ [http://ultimahora.publico.clix.pt/noticia.aspx?id=1328267&idCanal=56 "Apito Final: Boavista punido com descida de divisão, FC Porto com perda de seis pontos "] , Público, 9 May 2008, accessed July 2008 (in Portuguese)] All the clubs, chairmen and referees punished have filed appeals, except for FC Porto, whose punishment didn't prevent them from comfortably winning the Portuguese League title for the third consecutive time.

=List of suspects [ [http://www.correiomanha.pt/noticia.asp?id=172743&idCanal=181 "Operação Apito Dourado: Há 171 arguidos"] , Correio da Manhã, 2 September 2005 (in Portuguese)] =

Club Presidents

Jorge Nuno Pinto da Costa, F.C. Porto

João Loureiro, Boavista F.C.

João Alberto Bartolomeu, U.D. Leiria

Hernâni da Silva Moreira, F.C. Paços de Ferreira

Rui Alves, C.D. Nacional

Club Directors

Fernando Sousa Melo, Penafiel

Manuel Simão Ribeiro, Penafiel

Agostinho Duarte da Silva, Sousense

Américo Manuel Sousa Neves, Sousense

António Augusto Pinto, Anadia

António Freitas Candelária, U. Desp. Santana

Benjamim Castro, FC Vizela

David Alves Rodrigues, Vilaverdense

Artur Pinheiro Azevedo, Amarante FC

Artur Leite Mesquita, FC Lixa

Aprígio Ferreira dos Santos, Ass. Desp. Naval 1º de Maio

Pedro Miguel Ferreira, Ass. Desp. Naval 1.º Maio

Francisco da Silva Borges, Sport Clube Lusitânia

Joaquim Castro Neves, Dirigente Gondomarense

José Luís Oliveira, Gondomarense

Paulo Rodrigues, Sport Clube Valenciano

Joaquim Barbosa, Rebordosa

Silva Reis, FC Marco

António da Silva Veiga, Estoril Praia

José Manuel Melo, Machico

António Soares de Almeida, Progresso

Jorge Manuel Ferreira, Cinfães

Politicians

Isabel Damasceno, Mayor of Leiria

Ferreira Torres, Mayor of Marco de Canaveses

Agents / Businessmen

Alberto Couto Alves

Sousa Cintra

Joaquim Camilo da Silva

António Araújo

Portuguese Professional Football League

Valentim Loureiro (president)

António Rodrigues da Silva

Fernando Santos Mateus

João Pinto Correia

Júlio Paiva Mouco

Mário Borges Graça

Portuguese Football Federation

António Azevedo Duarte

António Silva Henriques

Carlos Fonseca Esteves

Ezequiel Feijão

Francisco Costa

António Teixeira Bernardo

Carlos Olegário

Carlos Manuel Silva

Carlos Fernandes Pinto

Francisco Lopes Ferreira

João Penicho

Joaquim Almeida Soares

José Miguel Mendonça

João Soares Mesquita

José António Pinto de Sousa

Luís Nunes da Silva

Manuel Nabais

Paulo Pita da Silva

Manuel Barbosa da Cunha

Paulo Porto Gonçalves

Teresa Barroso Faria

Carlos Carvalho

Domingues Narciso, árbitro

Costa Freire, árbitro

Referees

Belarmino Aleixo

Bruno Silva Ribeiro

Bernardino Santos Silva

Amílcar Brito

António Tavares

António Batista da Silva

Bruno Vicente

Carlos Barbosa de Barros

Daniel Soares Santos

Vasco Costa Vilela

José Carreira da Silva

José Emílio Pereira Cardoso

Jorge Filipe Marques

Joaquim Assunção

Aníbal Rodrigues Gonçalves

António Jorge Silva Neiva

Sérgio Teixeira de Jesus

Valter Rufo

Tomás Rodrigues dos Santos

Sérgio Marques da Cunha

Rui Manuel Dias

Serafim Baía Nogueira

José Augusto Pereira

José Carlos Vicente

José Gavinho Fernandes

José Paulo Duarte Esteves

Manuel Candeias Quadrado

Ricardo Mesquita Moreira

Artur Soares Dias

Bruno Ribeiro da Costa

António Pinto Miranda

António Eustáquio

Augusto Duarte

Bruno Monteiro Pereira

Sérgio Pereira

Rui Vieira Mendes

Pedro Santos Moreira Maia

Pedro Sanhudo,

Manuel Martins dos Santos

Leonel da Silva Moreira

Carlos Jorge Amado

Eduardo Pereira da Silva Gaspar

Fábio Pilo

Cunha Machado

Fausto Sousa Marques

Fernando Valente

Francisco Vicente

Lobato Quintino

Francisco Correia Mendes

Gonçalo Carvalho Pires

Hernâni Bastos Duarte

João Andrade Almeida

Hugo Campos Moreira

Ivan Vigário

Hélder Moreira de Carvalho

Vladimiro Teixeira da Silva

João da Silva Macedo

Joaquim Madureira de Freitas

Joaquim Paulo Paraty

Jorge Saramago

Jose António Pereira

João Miguel Henriques

Joaquim Fernandes Correia

José Palma

José Chilrito

Lucílio Baptista

José Manuel Rodrigues

José António Pereira

Ludovico Areias

Marco Bruno Ferreira

José Maria Neto

Licínio Santos

Mário Mendes

Nuno Fraguito

Miguel Santos Coelho

Óscar Coutinho

Paulo Moreira Luis

Paulo Nobre

Rangel Vicente Bernardo

Ricardo Lemos Teixeira

Rui Geraldes Fernandes

Luís Reforço

Rui Guedes Correia

Pedro Viegas Ribeiro

Luís Miguel Lameira

Nuno Simões

Patrik Pinto

Nuno Santos Oliveira

Paulo Pereira da Silva

Nuno Conceição

Nuno Tavares de Almeida

Paulo Barbosa Pereira

Pedro Neca

Paulo Lourenço Batista

Paulo Fernandes Pinheiro

Roberto Castro Oliveira

Rui Dias Russo

Sérgio Sedas

Lícino Tavares

António Perdigão da Silva

Jorge Carvalho e Albuquerque

Carlos Xistra

Manuel Fernando Pinto Mendes

Rogério Santos Silva

João Vilas Boas

Rui Folha Oliveira

Jacinto Paixão

References