- Karol Podczaszyński
Karol Podczaszyński ( _lt. Karolis Podčasinskis;
November 7 ,1790 –April 19 ,1860 ) was a Polish-Lithuania narchitect , a representative of theneoclassical architecture and a professor of the Imperial University of Vilna, as well as one of the pioneers ofindustrial design .He was born
November 7 , 1790, in a Belarusian-Lithuanian village [ [http://viduramziu.lietuvos.net/etno/etno19a.htm Ethnographic map or Vilnius region in the 19th century] ] ofŻyrmuny nearLida , in what is now theHrodna Voblast ofBelarus . He graduated from the prestigious PolishLiceum Krzemienieckie and the Imperial University of Vilna. Between 1814 and 1816 he continued his studies on architecture inSt. Petersburg , where he became the first Pole on theImperial Academy of Arts . Between 1817 and 1819 he also travelled to Western European countries, visitingKönigsberg , Danzig,Berlin ,Paris ,Naples ,Venice andVienna before returning to Cracow. Upon his return to Vilnius he was offered a chair of architecture, which he accepted.Among his most notable architectural works are the refurbishment of the interior of the Vilna University (1802-1804), including the Aula's interior, Evangelical Reformers' Church (1829-1835) and the neoclassical
Jan Śniadecki 's manor in Jašiūnai (reconstructed between 1824 and 1828). Yet another of his major works was the neo-PalladianFact|date=March 2007 "Tusculanum manor" (in modernŽirmūnai ,Vilnius ), completed in 1825. The entire Žirmūnai microdistrict in Vilnius was named after his native village, a part of thePolish-Lithuanian Commonwealth at the time of his birth.As a noted architect, Podczaszyński also supervised a number of other projects, among them the reconstruction of the Palace of Governors in Vilnius, carried out by
Vasily Stasov . In modern times the palace serves as the seat of thePresident of Lithuania . Podczaszyński has also reconstructed the Orthodox Cathedral of the Theotokos into the Anatomicum of his "alma mater " (1822). Finally, between 1836 and 1838 he designed the interior design of three chapels of the St. Władysław and Stanisław Cathedral of Vilna. In 1839, Karol Podczaszyński took a first knowndaguerreotype in present-day Lithuania. [lt icon [http://www.archiforma.lt/index.php/pageid/145/articlepage/0/articleid/313 Several photographs of Vilnius' constructions of the 1860s] ]As a theoretician, Podczaszyński authored works on architecture and
industrial design . Karol Podczaszyński diedApril 19 in Vilnius and was interred inRossa Cemetery .Publications
Among the best-known of his publications are monographs on industrial design:
*"On the beauty of works of industry" ( _pl. O piękności w robotach przemysłu; 1821)
*"Application of general principles of excellence of industrial designs in paintings, sculptures and garden design" ( _pl. Zastosowanie ogólnych zasad doskonałosci w tworach przemysłu do obrazów i posągów, tudzież do urządzenia ogrodów rozkosznych, czyli ogrojców; 1838)He also prepared dictionary of Polish
carpentry terms ( _pl. Nomenklatura architektoniczna, czyli słowomiennik cieśliczych polskich wyrazów 1843). Karol Podczaszyński was also the author of two handbooks of architecture for universities: one for professors (1822) and one for the students (published in three volumes between 1828 and 1856).References
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