Sami drum

Copper carving (1767) by O.H. von Lode showing a Sami shaman with his rune drum (meavrresgárri)

Saami drum (goavddis) with the Beaivi Sun symbol that resembles a sun cross.

Copy of the rune drum belonging to the 100 year old Sami Anders Paulsen. Cultural Department of the Museum in Oslo, Norway. The rune drum was confiscated by the authorities of Vadsø in 1691. In 1694 it was transferred to the Royal Art Cabinet in Copenhagen, Since 1979, it has been kept in the Saami Museum in Karasjok, county of Finnmark, Norway.

The membrane-covered oval or circular rune drum played an important role in Sami ceremonies. It is generally used for the shamanistic Sami ceremonial drum. The term magic drum is an old judicial term for a rune drum in use from the 16th to the 19th century. In that period the use of a "rune drum" was considered to be a serious crime and the accused was often sentenced to death.^{[citation needed]}

Missionaries give this picture of usage:

A ring or some other accoutrement, probably symbolizing a frog, was during rituals moved around on the drum membrane, which contained some hundreds of runes (elks, sun, thunder, etc.). From its spontaneous selection of a given rune, predictions and conclusions were made from the matched rune itself and the path that the ring would take in selecting it.^{[citation needed]}

Only about 70 drums have been preserved until today. Probably the most well known is the Linné drum – a drum that was given to Carolus Linnaeus during his visits in the northern Sweden. He later gave it to a museum in France, and recently it was brought back to the Swedish National Museum.

Today there are Sami drums on sale with the runic alphabet, although the old drums have symbols such as the Beivve solar symbol with a rhombus that reminds of a sun cross.^[1]

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  Saami drum (goavddis) with the Runic letter berkanan and Runic letter othalan.

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  Saami drum (goavddis) with the Runic letter sowilo.

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  The Runic character berkanan, meaning "birch".

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  The Runic character ôþalan, meaning "estate, inheritance".

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  The Runic runic character sôwilô, meaning "Sun".

See also

• Goavddis
• Sami shamanism

Notes

1. ^ Terry Keepers. "SHAMANIC ARTS STUDIO - Shaman Drums, Rattles, Jewelry, Talismans, Sacred Objects, Shamanism, Educational Resources - Boulder, CO". Terry Keepers. http://www.shamanicartsstudio.com/Galleries.htm. Retrieved 4 June 2011. 

External links

• Sámi Drums – Then and Now, University of Texas

This article contains content from the Owl Edition of Nordisk familjebok, a Swedish encyclopedia published between 1904 and 1926, now in the public domain.