Aliiolani Hale

Aliokinaiōlani Hale is a building located in downtown Honolulu, Hawaiokinai, currently used as the home of the Hawaiokinai State Supreme Court. It is the former seat of government of the Kingdom of Hawaiokinai and the Republic of Hawaiokinai.

Located in the building's courtyard is the famed gold-leaf statue of Kamehameha the Great.

Establishment and monarchy period

Aliokinaiōlani Hale was originally designed in a Renaissance revival style as the royal palace for King Kamehameha V. In the Hawaiian language, "Aliokinaiōlani Hale" means "House of the heavenly King"; also, the name "Aliokinaiōlani" was one of the given names of Kamehameha V.

Although the building was designed to be a palace, Kamehameha V realized that the Hawaiian government desperately needed a government building. At that time, the several buildings in Honolulu used by the government were very small and cramped, clearly inadequate for the growing Hawaiian government. Thus, when Kamehameha V ordered construction of Aliokinaiōlani Hale, he commissioned it as a government office building instead of a palace.

Kamehameha V laid the cornerstone for the building on February 19, 1872. He died before the building was completed, and it was dedicated in 1874 by one of his successors, King David Kalākaua. At the time, Hawaiian media criticized the building's extravagant design, suggesting that the building be converted into a palace as originally designed.

Until 1893, the building held most of the executive departments of the Hawaiian government as well as the Hawaiian legislature and courts.

Overthrow of the Hawaiian monarchy

It was from Aliokinaiōlani Hale in 1893 that the Committee of Safety, under the leadership of Lorrin A. Thurston, deposed Queen Liliokinauokalani by public proclamation and the United States Marine Corps was ordered to forcibly remove the reigning queen. A 1993 resolution passed by Congress and signed by President of the United States Bill Clinton declared the use of American military force in 1893 illegal.

After the establishment of the Hawaiian provisional government in 1893 and the Republic of Hawaiokinai in 1894, some of the offices in Aliokinaiōlani Hale were moved to okinaIolani Palace, including the Hawaiian legislature. As a result, Aliokinaiolani Hale became primarily a judicial building.

Aliokinaiōlani Hale since 1900

The growing size of Hawaiokinai's government continued to be a problem for the building, however, especially after Hawaiokinai became a United States territory in 1900. In 1911, the building was extensively renovated to help solve these space problems. The entire interior of the building was gutted and rebuilt, giving the building's interior a completely new floorplan. Since the building was originally designed to be a palace, its floorplan was not adequate for its later usage as a judicial building. The new layout of the building fixed this problem.The size of the territorial government continued to grow. In the 1940s, a new wing was added to the building to help alleviate the growing problem of overcrowding. The architects who designed the new wing tried to blend it in with the original building that dated back to the 1870s.

Over the next many decades, most of the state judiciary functions moved out of Aliokinaiōlani Hale to various other buildings around Honolulu (including the state district, family, and circuit courts). Today, the building houses the Hawaiokinai State Supreme Court and is the administrative center of the Hawaiokinai State Judiciary. It also houses the Judiciary History Center, a museum featuring a multimedia presentation of Hawaiokinai's judiciary, a restored historic courtroom, and other exhibits dealing with Hawaiokinai's judicial history. The building also houses Hawaiokinai's largest law library.

In December 2005, the U.S. military's Joint POW/MIA Accounting Command used radar equipment to locate a time capsule buried by Kamehameha V at the building site on February 19, 1872. According to records from the time, the capsule contains photos of the royal family, Hawaiian coins and postage stamps, the constitution of the Hawaiian Kingdom, local newspapers, and books, such as a Hawaiian language dictionary. But despite the radar discovery, the time capsule was not disturbed, in part because digging it up would harm the building's structural integrity.

Aliokinaiōlani Hale is one of many buildings in downtown Honolulu listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Within walking distance are the Cathedral of Our Lady of Peace, Hawaiokinai State Capitol, Hawaiokinai State Library, Honolulu Hale, okinaIolani Palace, Kawaiahaokinao Church, Territorial Building, and Washington Place.

Judiciary History Center

The Judiciary History Center, located in Aliiolani Hale, focuses on Hawaii's legal history and landmark court cases. Admission is free and the public can tour the exhibits from Monday through Friday from 9 AM to 4 PM. Group tours are offered by reservation.

[http://www.JudiciaryHistoryCenter.org Judiciary History Center official site]

ee also

* History of Hawaiokinai

References

External links

* [http://www.cnn.com/2005/US/12/11/hawaii.king.ap/ Hawaiian king's time capsule found, but will stay buried] , a December 2005 Associated Press article (via CNN)
* [http://www.hawaiitravelnewsletter.com/oahu/aliiolani-hale.htm "The Historic Aliiolani Hale" - Hawaii Travel Newsletter]