Timeline of temperature and pressure measurement technology

Timeline of temperature and pressure measurement technology A history of temperature measurement and pressure measurement technology.

Timeline

800s

* 800s — Differential pressure controls developed by the Banū Mūsā brothers. [citation|title=Ancient Discoveries, Episode 12: Machines of the East|publisher=History Channel|url=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n6gdknoXww8|accessdate=2008-09-06]

1000s

* 1000s — Abū Alī ibn Sīnā (Avicenna) develops an early air thermometer which can measure the level of water controlled by the expansion and contraction of the air. [Robert Briffault (1938). "The Making of Humanity", p. 191] [Fatima Agha Al-Hayani (2005). "Islam and Science: Contradiction or Concordance", "Zygon" 40 (3), p. 565-576.]

1400s

* 1450 — Leone Battista Alberti developed a swinging-plate anemometer.

1500s

* 1592- 1593 — Galileo Galilei builds an early Galileo thermometer, known as the thermoscope using the contraction of air to draw water up a tube. [ Vincenzo Viviani (1780) "Life of Galileo" ]

1600s

* 1612 — Santorio Sanctorius puts thermometer to medical use
* 1617 — Giuseppe Biancani published the first clear diagram of a thermoscope
* 1624 — The word thermometer (in its French form) first appeared in "La Récréation Mathématique" by J. Leurechon, who describes one with a scale of 8 degrees [R. P. Benedict (1984) Fundamentals of Temperature, Pressure, and Flow Measurements, 3rd ed, ISBN 0-471-89383-8 page 4] .
* 1629 — Joseph Solomon Delmedigo describes in a book an accurate sealed-glass thermometer which uses brandy
* 1638 — Robert Fludd the first thermoscope showing a scale and thus constituting a thermometer.
* 1643 — Evangelista Torricelli invents the mercury barometer
* 1654 — Ferdinando II de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany, made sealed tubes part filled with alcohol, with a bulb and stem, the first modern-style thermometer, depending on the expansion of a liquid, and independent of air pressure [R. P. Benedict (1984) Fundamentals of Temperature, Pressure, and Flow Measurements, 3rd ed, ISBN 0-471-89383-8 page 4] .
* 1661 — Christiaan Huygens built the U-tube [ [http://www.rsc.org/ej/CS/1998/a827117z.pdf Liquid–liquid equilibria in polymer solutions at negativepressure Pag.2] ] .
* 1667 — Robert Hooke builds another type of anemometer, called a pressure-plate anemometer. ]
* 1695 — Guillaume Amontons improved the thermometer

1700s

* 1701 — Ole Christensen Røemer made one of the first practical thermometers. As a temperature indicator it used red wine. (Rømer scale), The temperature scale used for his thermometer had 0 representing the temperature of a salt and ice mixture (at about 259 K).
* 1709 — Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit constructed an alcohol thermometer
* 1714 — Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit invents the mercury-in-glass thermometer
* 1731 — René Antoine Ferchault de Réaumur the Réaumur scale, On this scale 0 represented the freezing point of water (273.15 K) and 80 represented the boiling point (373.15 K).
* 1738 — Daniel Bernoulli asserted in Hydrodynamica the principle that as the speed of a moving fluid increases, the pressure within the fluid decreases. (Kinetic theory)
* 1742 — Anders Celsius created an inverted "centigrade" or Celsius temperature scale in which 0 represented the boiling point of water (373.15 K) and 100 represented the freezing point (273.15 K).
* 1744 — Carl Linnaeus suggested reversing the temperature scale of Anders Celsius so that 0 represented the freezing point of water (273.15 K) and 100 represented the boiling point (373.15 K).
* 1782 — James Six invents the Maximum minimum thermometer

1800s

* 1821 — Thomas Johann Seebeck invents the thermocouple
* 1843 — Lucien Vidi invents the Barograph, an aneroid barometer
* 1846 — John Thomas Romney Robinson - Cup anemometer.
* 1848 — Lord Kelvin (William Thomson) - Kelvin scale, in his paper, "On an Absolute Thermometric Scale"
* 1849 — Eugene Bourdon - Bourdon_gauge (manometer)
* 1849 — Henri Victor Regnault - Hypsometer
* 1864 — Henri Becquerel suggests an optical pyrometer
* 1866 — Thomas Clifford Allbutt invented a clinical thermometer that produced a body temperature reading in five minutes as opposed to twenty. [http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9005775 Sir Thomas Clifford Allbutt] , "Encyclopædia Britannica"]
* 1871 — William Siemens describes the Resistance thermometer at the Bakerian Lecture
* 1874 — H. G. McLeod invents the McLeod gauge
* 1885 — Calender-Van Duesen invented the platinum resistance temperature device
* 1887 — Richard Assmann invents the psychrometer
* 1892 — Henri-Louis Le Châtelier builds the first optical pyrometer
* 1896 — Samuel Siegfried Karl Ritter von Basch introduced the Sphygmomanometer

1900s

* 1906 — Marcello Pirani - Pirani gauge
* 1924 — Irving Langmuir - Langmuir probe
* 1930 — Samuel Ruben invented the thermistor

ee also

*History_of_thermodynamic_temperature
*List of timelines

References

Robert P. Benedict (1984) "Fundamentals of Temperature, Pressure and Flow Measurements", 3rd ed ISBN 0-471-89383-8