Nikolsk, Vologda Oblast

Nikolsk, Vologda Oblast
Nikolsk (English)
Никольск (Russian)
-  Town[1]  -
Map of Russia - Vologda Oblast (2008-03).svg
Location of Vologda Oblast in Russia
Nikolsk is located in Vologda Oblast
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Nikolsk
Coordinates: 59°32′N 45°27′E / 59.533°N 45.45°E / 59.533; 45.45Coordinates: 59°32′N 45°27′E / 59.533°N 45.45°E / 59.533; 45.45
Coat of Arms of Nikolsk (Vologda oblast).png
Coat of arms
Administrative status (as of June 2011)
Country Russia
Federal subject Vologda Oblast
Administrative district Nikolsky District[1]
Administrative center of Nikolsky District[1]
Municipal status (as of July 2010)
Municipal district Nikolsky Municipal District[2]
Urban settlement Nikolskoye Urban Settlement[2]
Administrative center of Nikolsky Municipal District, Nikolskoye Urban Settlement[2]
Statistics
Population (2010 Census,
preliminary)
8,515 inhabitants[3]
Population (2002 Census) 8,649 inhabitants[4]
Time zone MSD (UTC+04:00)[5]
Founded 1780[6]

Nikolsk (Russian: Нико́льск) is a town and the administrative center of Nikolsky District of Vologda Oblast, Russia,[1], located on the right bank of the Yug River close to the point where it flows into the White Sea. Municipally, it is incorporated as Nikolskoye Urban Settlement in Nikolsky Municipal District.[2] Population: 8,515 (2010 Census preliminary results);[3] 8,649 (2002 Census);[4] 8,574 (1989 Census).[7]

It is served by Nikolsk Airport.

Contents

History

The area was originally populated by the Finno-Ugric peoples. In 14th-15th century, during the colonization, it was a disputed territory between Grand Duchy of Moscow and Novgorod Republic.[6] Novgorod controlled the major part of Russian North, and, in particular, all areas along the Sukhona north-east of Nikolsky District. Moscow controlled Veliky Ustyug, which it inherited from Vladimir-Suzdal Principality, and the Yug was the waterway it used to get to Veliky Ustyug. It is known that in 1452 Nikolsk and surrounding areas paid tribute to Novgorod.[6] In the end of 15th century, Novgorod was appended to Grand Duchy of Moscow, and Nikolsk became one of the key points on the way from Moscow to the White Sea, which until 1703 was the main route for the foreign trade in Russia. In particular, the harbor in Nikolsk was used to transport cargo.

In the course of the administrative reform carried out in 1708 by Peter the Great the area was included into Archangelgorod Governorate. In 1780, the governorate was abolished and transformed into Vologda Viceroyalty. Simultaneously, Nikolsk became the center of the uyezd and got the town rights. The viceroyalty was abolished in 1796, and Nikolsky Uyezd moved to Vologda Governorate. In 1918, the area was transferred to the newly established Northern Dvina Governorate with the administrative center located in Veliky Ustyug. In 1924 the uyezds were abolished in favor of the new divisions, the districts (raions). On June 10, 1924 Nikolsky District was established.[8]

Economy

Industry

In Nikolsk, timber industry and food industry, including meat, milk, and bread production, are present. There is also linum textile production.[9]

Transport

Paved roads connect Nikolsk with Pyshchug and Manturovo in the south, crossing the border with Kostroma Oblast, with Totma in the west, and with Veliky Ustyug via Kichmengsky Gorodok in the north. There is regular bus service on these roads, as well as local bus traffic.

The Yug is navigable downstream from Nikolsk, however, there is no passenger navigation.

There are no railroads around Nikolsk, and the closest railway stations with regular passenger service are Kotlas in Arkhangelsk Oblast and Sharya in Kostroma Oblast. There were plans to extend the Monza Railroad, a railroad built for timber transport, which runs along the border of Vologda and Kostroma Oblasts, to Nikolsk, however, these plans were never realized.[10]

Culture and recreation

The Presentation Cathedral (1780-1833) in Nikolsk after the 2005 fire

Nikolsk hosts sixty objects designated as cultural and historical heritage of local importance.[11] These are remains of the pre-1917 Nikolsk.

Author Alexander Yashin, associated with the Village Prose movement in Russian Literature, was born in 1913 in what is now Nikolsky District, got his education in Nikolsk, and lived in Nikolsk until mid-1930s. The only state museum in Nikolsk is the Memorial Museum of Alexander Yashin.[12] The museum occupies the house which belonged to Yashin's parents, as well as the former house of Yashin.

References

  1. ^ a b c d Государственный комитет Российской Федерации по статистике. Комитет Российской Федерации по стандартизации, метрологии и сертификации. №ОК 019-95 1 января 1997 г «Общероссийский классификатор объектов административно-территориального деления. Код 19 243 501 7», в ред. изменения №168/2011 от 1 октября 2011 г. (State Statistics Committee of the Russian Federation. Committee of the Russian Federation on Standardization, Metrology, and Certification. #OK 019-95 January 1, 1997 Russian Classification of Objects of Administrative Division . Code 19 243 501 7, as amended by the Amendment #168/2010 of October 1, 2011. ).
  2. ^ a b c d Law #1119-OZ
  3. ^ a b Федеральная служба государственной статистики (Federal State Statistics Service) (2011). "Предварительные итоги Всероссийской переписи населения 2010 года (Preliminary results of the 2010 All-Russian Population Census)" (in Russian). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года (All-Russia Population Census of 2010). Federal State Statistics Service. http://www.perepis-2010.ru/results_of_the_census/results-inform.php. Retrieved 2011-04-25. 
  4. ^ a b Федеральная служба государственной статистики (Federal State Statistics Service) (2004-05-21). "Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек (Population of Russia, its federal districts, federal subjects, districts, urban localities, rural localities—administrative centers, and rural localities with population of over 3,000)" (in Russian). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года (All-Russia Population Census of 2002). Federal State Statistics Service. http://www.perepis2002.ru/ct/doc/1_TOM_01_04.xls. Retrieved 2010-03-23. 
  5. ^ Правительство Российской Федерации. Постановление №725 от 31 августа 2011 г. «О составе территорий, образующих каждую часовую зону, и порядке исчисления времени в часовых зонах, а также о признании утратившими силу отдельных Постановлений Правительства Российской Федерации». Вступил в силу по истечении 7 дней после дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Российская Газета", №197, 6 сентября 2011 г. (Government of the Russian Federation. Resolution #725 of August 31, 2011 On the Composition of the Territories Included into Each Time Zone and on the Procedures of Timekeeping in the Time Zones, as Well as on Abrogation of Several Resolutions of the Government of the Russian Federation. Effective as of after 7 days following the day of the official publication).
  6. ^ a b c "г.Никольск" (in Russian). Правительство Вологодской области. http://vologda-oblast.ru/main.asp?V=227. Retrieved 20 September 2011. 
  7. ^ "Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров. (All Union Population Census of 1989. Present population of union and autonomous republics, autonomous oblasts and okrugs, krais, oblasts, districts, urban settlements, and villages serving as district administrative centers.)" (in Russian). Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года (All-Union Population Census of 1989). Demoscope Weekly (website of the Institute of Demographics of the State University—Higher School of Economics. 1989. http://demoscope.ru/weekly/ssp/rus89_reg.php. Retrieved 2010-03-23. 
  8. ^ "Справка об изменениях административно-территориального устройства и сети партийных и комсомольских органов на территории Вологодской области (1917-1991)" (in Russian). Архивы России. http://www.rusarchives.ru/guide/voanpi/126sia.shtml. Retrieved 20 September 2011. 
  9. ^ "Промышленность" (in Russian). Правительство Вологодской области. http://vologda-oblast.ru/main.asp?V=714. Retrieved 22 September 2011. 
  10. ^ Белихов, А. Б. (2009). А.М. Белов, А.В. Новиков. ed. Развитие железных дорог Костромского края в ХХ веке. II Романовские чтения. Центр и провинция в системе российской государственности: материалы конференции.. Кострома: КГУ им. Н.А. Некрасова.. http://www.hrono.ru/proekty/romanov/2rc17.php. Retrieved September 23, 2011. 
  11. ^ "Памятники истории и культуры народов Российской Федерации" (in Russian). Russian Ministry of Culture. http://kulturnoe-nasledie.ru/. Retrieved 23 September 2011. 
  12. ^ "Никольский историко-мемориальный музей А.Я.Яшина" (in Russian). Российская сеть культурного наследия. http://www.museum.ru/M779. Retrieved 22 September 2011. 

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