Angiotensin-converting enzyme

Angiotensin-converting enzyme

Angiotensin I converting enzyme (ACE, EC number|3.4.15.1) is an exopeptidase.

Functions

It has two primary functions:
* it catalyses the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, a potent vasoconstrictor. [GeorgiaPhysiology|7/7ch09/7ch09p16]
* it is involved in the inactivation of bradykinin, a potent vasodilator.

These two actions of ACE make it an ideal target in the treatment of conditions such as high blood pressure, heart failure, diabetic nephropathy and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Inhibition of ACE (by ACE inhibitors) results in decreased formation of Angiotensin II (a far more potent vasoconstrictor than Angiotensin I) and decreased inactivation of bradykinin.

ynonyms

ACE is also known as:
* "peptidyl dipeptidase A"
* "carboxycathepsin"
* kininase II (kinin-kallikrein system)
* CD 143
* ACE1

Genetics

The ACE gene, "ACE", encodes 2 isozymes. The somatic isozyme is expressed in many tissues, mainly in the lung, including vascular endothelial cells, epithelial kidney cells, and testicular Leydig cells, whereas the germinal is expressed only in sperm.

ee also

* Renin-angiotensin system
* ACE inhibitors

References

Further reading

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citations =
*cite journal | author=Niu T, Chen X, Xu X |title=Angiotensin converting enzyme gene insertion/deletion polymorphism and cardiovascular disease: therapeutic implications |journal=Drugs |volume=62 |issue= 7 |pages= 977–93 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11985486| doi=10.2165/00003495-200262070-00001
*cite journal | author=Roĭtberg GE, Tikhonravov AV, Dorosh ZhV |title= [Role of angiotensin-converting enzyme gene polymorphism in the development of metabolic syndrome] |journal=Ter. Arkh. |volume=75 |issue= 12 |pages= 72–7 |year= 2004 |pmid= 14959477 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Vynohradova SV |title= [The role of angiotensin-converting enzyme gene I/D polymorphism in development of metabolic disorders in patients with cardiovascular pathology] |journal=Tsitol. Genet. |volume=39 |issue= 1 |pages= 63–70 |year= 2005 |pmid= 16018179 |doi=
*cite journal | author=König S, Luger TA, Scholzen TE |title=Monitoring neuropeptide-specific proteases: processing of the proopiomelanocortin peptides adrenocorticotropin and alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone in the skin |journal=Exp. Dermatol. |volume=15 |issue= 10 |pages= 751–61 |year= 2006 |pmid= 16984256 |doi= 10.1111/j.1600-0625.2006.00472.x
*cite journal | author=Sabbagh AS, Otrock ZK, Mahfoud ZR, "et al." |title=Angiotensin-converting enzyme gene polymorphism and allele frequencies in the Lebanese population: prevalence and review of the literature |journal=Mol. Biol. Rep. |volume=34 |issue= 1 |pages= 47–52 |year= 2007 |pmid= 17103020 |doi= 10.1007/s11033-006-9013-y
*cite journal | author=Castellon R, Hamdi HK |title=Demystifying the ACE polymorphism: from genetics to biology |journal=Curr. Pharm. Des. |volume=13 |issue= 12 |pages= 1191–8 |year= 2007 |pmid= 17504229| doi=10.2174/138161207780618902
*cite journal | author=Lazartigues E, Feng Y, Lavoie JL |title=The two fACEs of the tissue renin-angiotensin systems: implication in cardiovascular diseases |journal=Curr. Pharm. Des. |volume=13 |issue= 12 |pages= 1231–45 |year= 2007 |pmid= 17504232| doi=10.2174/138161207780618911

External links

*

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