Otto Gessler

Otto Gessler
Otto Karl Gessler

Otto Karl Gessler (or Geßler) (February 6, 1875 – March 24, 1955) was a German politician during the Weimar Republic. From 1910 until 1914, he was mayor of Regensburg and from 1913 to 1919 mayor of Nuremberg. He served in Weimar cabinets from 1919 until 1928, usually as Minister of Defence.

Biography

Gessler was born in Ludwigsburg in the Kingdom of Württemberg. He studied law in Erlangen, Tübingen and Leipzig and received his doctorate there in 1900. Later he became mayor of Regensburg and lord mayor of Nuremberg. Because of a disease he was not actively involved in World War I.

Gessler was one of the founders of the DDP in 1919. After the Kapp Putsch he assumed the office of the Reichswehrministerium from Gustav Noske, of which he was in charge of for different chancellors. As Reichswehrminister he worked closely with the head of the Heeresleitung Hans von Seeckt. Because of the accusation of financial anomalies in his ministry associated with the secret armament of the Reichswehr (the Phoebus scandal)Gessler had to resign in January 1928. From 1928 to 1933 he was president of the Volksbund Deutsche Kriegsgräberfürsorge (German War Graves Commission) and of the Bund zur Erneuerung des Reiches. After the Machtergreifung of the Nazis, he retired from politics in 1933. He was initiated in the plans of the resistance and was arrested after the assassination attempt on Adolf Hitler on 20 July 1944. He was detained in a concentration camp until the end of the war.

After the end of World War II, Gessler became involved in the German Red Cross, of which he was chairman from 1950 to 1952.

From 1950 to 1955 Gessler was member of the Bavarian senate.

The hospital in Lindenberg im Allgäu is named for Gessler.

Political offices
Preceded by
Gustav Noske		 Defence Minister of Germany
1920–1928		 Succeeded by
Wilhelm Groener
Preceded by
Martin Schiele		 Interior Minister of Germany
1925-1926		 Succeeded by
Wilhelm Külz
v · d · eInterior Ministers of Germany
Imperial Interior Secretaries
(1871–1918) German Empire
Weimar Republic
(1918–1933) Weimar Republic
Nazi Germany
(1933–1945) Nazi Germany
German Democratic Republic
(1949–1990) East Germany
  • Karl Steinhoff
  • Karl Maron
  • Friedrich Dickel
  • Lothar Ahrendt
  • Peter Michael Diestel
Federal Republic of Germany
(1949–) Germany
v · d · eDefence Ministers of Germany
Weimar Republic
(1918-1933) Germany
Third Reich
(1933-1945) Nazi Germany

Werner von Blomberg (1933-1938)
East Germany
(1949-1990) East Germany

Willi Stoph · Heinz Hoffmann · Heinz Kessler · Theodor Hoffmann · Rainer Eppelmann
Federal Republic of Germany
(1949-) Germany
v · Hermann Müller (Chancellor, SPD) | Erich Koch-Weser (DDP) | Adolf Köster (SPD) | Andreas Blunck (DDP) | Joseph Wirth (Z) | Robert Schmidt (SPD) | Andreas Hermes (Z) | Alexander Schlicke (SPD) | Otto Gessler (DDP) | Johannes Bell (Z) | Gustav Bauer (SPD) | Johannes Giesberts (Z) | Eduard David (SPD)
Coat of Arms of the Weimar Republic
v · Konstantin Fehrenbach (Chancellor, Z) | Rudolf Heinze (DVP) | Walter Simons (independent) | Erich Koch-Weser (DDP) | Joseph Wirth (Z) | Ernst Scholz (DVP) | Andreas Hermes (Z) | Heinrich Brauns (Z) | Otto Gessler (DDP) | Wilhelm Groener (independent) | Johannes Giesberts (Z) | Hans von Raumer (DVP)
Coat of Arms of the Weimar Republic

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