King Hu

Infobox Chinese-language singer and actor
name = King Hu
tradchinesename = 胡金銓
simpchinesename = 胡金铨
birthdate = birth date|1931|4|29
birthplace = Beijing, China
deathdate = death date and age|1997|1|14|1931|4|29
deathplace = Taipei, Taiwan
yearsactive = 1956 - 1993
goldenhorseawards = Life Achievement Award
1997 Lifetime Achievement

King Hu (zh-tsp|t=胡金銓|s=胡金铨|p=Hú Jīnquán, April 29, 1931 - January 14, 1997) was a Hong Kong and Taiwan-based Chinese film director whose "Wuxia" films brought Chinese cinema to new technical and artistic heights. It was his films "Come Drink With Me" (大醉侠, 1966) and "Dragon Gate Inn" (龍門客棧, 1967) which inaugurated a new generation of "wuxia" films in the late 1960s. He is also a noted scriptwriter and set designer.

Birth and Early Life

Hu was born in Beijing to a line of well-established Mandarin family originated from Da Ming, Hebei. His grandfather was the governor of Henan in late Qing Dynasty. He emigrated to Hong Kong in 1949.

Career

After moving to Hong Kong, Hu worked in a variety of occupations, such as advertising consultant, artistic designer and producer for a number of media companies, as well as a part-time English tutor. In 1958 he joined the Shaw Brothers Studio as set decorator, actor, scriptwriter and assistant director. Under the influence of Taiwanese director Li Han-Hsiang, Hu embarked on a directorial career, helping him helm the phenomenally successful "The Love Eterne" (1963). Hu's first film as a full-fledged director was "Sons of the Good Earth" (1965), a film set during the War of Resistance against Japan, but he is better remembered for his next film, "Come Drink With Me" (1966). "Come Drink With Me" is his first success and remains a classic of the "wuxia" genre, catapulting the then 20-year-old starlet Cheng Pei-pei to fame. Blending Japanese samurai film traditions with Western editing techniques and Chinese aesthetic philosophy borrowed from Chinese music and operatics, Hu began the trend of a new school of "wuxia" swordplay films and his perpetual use of a female heroine as the central protagonist.

Leaving Shaw in 1966, Hu travelled to Taiwan, where he made another "wuxia" movie, "Dragon Gate Inn". "Dragon Gate Inn" broke all box office and became a phenomenal hit and cult classic, especially in the Southeast Asia. This tense tale of highly skilled martial artists hidden in an inn in part resembles "Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon" and was said to be the inspiration behind it; Zhang Yimou's "House of Flying Daggers" was also said to be dedicated to this film.

Chief amongst the films which exemplify Hu's blend of Chan Buddhism and unique Chinese aesthetics is his trilogy "A Touch of Zen" (which won the Technical Prize in 1975 Cannes Film Festival and which many regard as his masterpiece), "Raining in the Mountains" and "Legend of the Mountains" (both dating from 1979, and shot in Korea), all of which were loosely based on Pu Songling's "Strange Stories from a Chinese Studio". After releasing "A Touch of Zen", Hu started his own production company and shot "The Fate of Lee Khan" (1973) and "The Valiant Ones" (1975) back to back on tight finances. The action choreography in both these films was the work of Sammo Hung.

Though critically hailed, Hu's later films were ostensibly less successful than his first two films. Late in his life, he made a brief return from semi-retirement in "Swordsman" (1990) and "Painted Skin" (1993), but the latter never achieved the renown of those two, financially successful "wuxia" films. King Hu spent the last decade of his life in Los Angeles, he died in Los Angeles from a stroke while preparing for another film project, and a 23 years girl friend beside him.

elected filmography

*"Come Drink with Me" (大醉侠, 1966)
*"Dragon Gate Inn" (龙门客栈, 1967)
*"A Touch of Zen" (侠女, 1971)
*"The Fate of Lee Khan" (迎春阁之风波, 1973)
*"The Valiant Ones" (忠烈图, 1975)
*"Raining in the Mountain" (空山灵雨, 1979)
*"Legend of the Mountains" (山中传奇, 1979)
*"The Swordsman" (笑傲江湖 in part, 1990)
*"Painted Skin" (画皮之阴阳法王, 1993)

External links

* [http://www.sensesofcinema.com/contents/directors/02/hu.html Senses of Cinema - King Hu]
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* [http://www.hkcinemagic.com/en/people.asp?id=54 HK cinemagic entry]