- List of Caribbean folk music traditions
This is a list of folk music traditions, with styles, dances, instruments and other related topics. The term "
folk music " can not be easily defined in a precise manner; it is used with widely-varying definitions depending on the author, intended audience and context within a work. Similarly, the term "traditions" in this context does not connote any strictly-defined criteria. Music scholars, journalists, audiences, record industry individuals, politicians, nationalists and demagogues may often have occasion to address which fields of folk music are distinct traditions based along racial, geographic, linguistic, religious, tribal or ethnic lines, and all such peoples will likely use different criteria to decide what constitutes a "folk music tradition". This list uses the same general categories used by mainstream, primarily English-language, scholarly sources, as determined by relevant statements of fact and the internal structure of works.These traditions may coincide entirely, partially or not at all with geographic, political, linguistic or cultural boundaries. Very few, if any, music scholars would claim that there are any folk music traditions that can be considered specific to a distinct group of people and with characteristics undiluted by contact with the music of other peoples; thus, the folk music traditions described herein overlap in varying degrees with each other.
The
Caribbean music area includes all the islands of theCaribbean , includingCuba ,Antigua and Barbuda ,Montserrat ,Saint Lucia ,Virgin Islands ,Puerto Rico ,Dominican Republic ,Haiti ,Saint Kitts and Nevis ,Saint Vincent and the Grenadines ,Anguilla ,Martinique ,Dominica ,Grenada ,Guadeloupe andTrinidad and Tobago . In addition, the mainland South American countries ofGuyana ,Suriname andFrench Guiana are generally grouped with the Caribbean countries, as is the non-Caribbean island nation of theBahamas . The island ofBermuda is not Caribbean, and its folk music is little studied; for convenience, it is included herein though it may or may not be typical of the Caribbean music area.User:TUF-KAT/folkcountry
Tradition = Antiguan and Barbudan [McDaniel, Lorna, "Antigua and Barbuda" in the "Garland Encyclopedia of World Music", pp 798 - 800] [cite web|url=http://www.antiguamuseums.org/cultural.htm#Calypso|title=Calypso|work=Antigua and Barbuda's Cultural Heritage|accessdate=December 3|accessyear=2005]
Styles = benna -iron band
Dance =Highland fling -quadrille
Instrumentation = banjar -bass drum -boompipe -kettle drum -toombah - triangle
Other =Old Time Christmas Festival User:TUF-KAT/folkcountrysee
Tradition = Aruban
See = Dutch AntilleanUser:TUF-KAT/folkcountry
Tradition = Bahamian [Kaliss, "Junkanoo and Sloop John B.", in the "Rough Guide to World Music", pgs. 317 - 324]
Styles =ant'em -goombay -junkanoo -rake-and-scrape -rhyming spiritual -ring-play -shape-note
Dance =quadrille -ring-dance
Instrumentation =goombay -guitar -maraca -saw
Peoples =
Geography =
Other =Obeah User:TUF-KAT/folkcountry
Tradition = Barbadian [Janice Millington, "Barbados", in the "Garland Encyclopedia of World Music, Volume 2", pp 813 - 821]
Styles =tuk band
Dance =hornpipe -Jean and Johnnie -jig - march
Instrumentation =banjo - bones -bow-fiddle -calabash -cymbal -guitar - pump -rook jaw -shak-shak -shukster -snare drum - triangle -tum tum
Other =crop over - Landship -tea meeting User:TUF-KAT/folkcountry
Tradition = Bermuda
Styles =ballad
Dance = gombey (goombay)
Instrumentation =bagpipe - fife - gombey (goombay) -guitar -kettle drum -snare drum
Other =User:TUF-KAT/folkcountrysee
Tradition = Bonaire
See = Dutch AntilleanUser:TUF-KAT/folkcountrysee
Tradition = Carriacou
See = GrenadaUser:TUF-KAT/folkcountry
Tradition = Cayman Islander [cite web|url=http://www.caymannetnews.com/Archive/Archive%20Articles/December%202002/Issue%20305%20Tue/Christmas%20Traditions.html|title=Christmas Traditions in the Cayman Islands|work=Caymannet News|accessdate=July 20|accessyear=2006]
Styles =Christmas carol -serenade
Dance =
Instrumentation =accordion -drum -fiddle - grater -mouth organ
Other =Batabano -Pirate's Week User:TUF-KAT/folkcountry
Tradition = Cuban Manuel, "Popular Musics"] Manuel, "Caribbean Currents"] Turino, "Sub-Saharan Africa" in "Excursions in World Music"] [Fairley, Jan, "¡Que Rico Bailo Yo! How Well I Dance" and "Troubadours Old and New", in the "Rough Guide to World Music", pgs. 386 - 407 and 408 - 413] [Leymarie, pgs. 9 - 43] [http://www.worldmusiccentral.org/staticpages/index.php/glossary World Music Central] ]
Styles = afro -bachata -bembé -bolero -bunga -canción -chambelona -changüí -cierre -cinquillo -cocoyé - criolla -décima - diana -fragaya -guaracha -guajira - habanera -kiribá -lloraos -martillo -montuno -nengones -pregón -punto guajiro - repique - rumba -salamaleco - son -sucu-sucu -tonada - toque -tumbao
Dance =areito -bembé -chuchumbé - columbia -contradanza -danón -guaguancó -guaracha -makúa -makuta -maní -mañunga -masón -quadrille - rumba -sucu-sucu -tango congo -yambú -yuba -yuka -zapateo
Instrumentation =aberikula -agogós -bandora -bandurria -batá -biankomé -bocú - bongo -bongó del monte -bonkoenchemiyá -botija -bulá -cajón -catá - cencerro -chachá -chaworó -chekere -cheré -claves -conga -cornetas chinas -ekwé -efí -efó -enú -güiro - guagua -guataca -guayo -guitar -ilú -itótele -judíos batá -junga -kinfuiti -kuchí-yeremá -laúd -maraca -marimbula -maruga - ngoma -nkembi -obí-apá -ogán -okónkolo -pailas - palito - quinto -segón - segundo -sese eribó -tingo talango -tiple -tres - tumba -tumbadore
Other =abakuá -aché -arará -cabildo -Casa de la Trova - clave -comparsa -controversia -íremes -iyesá -ñáñigos -Palo -piquete -potencias -plantes -sandunga -Santeria - toque -trovadore -tumba francesca User:TUF-KAT/folkcountrysee
Tradition = Curaçao
See = Dutch AntilleanUser:TUF-KAT/folkcountry
Tradition = Dominica [cite web|url=http://www.divisionofculture.org/quadrilles.htm|work=Division of Culture|title=Dominica's Quadrilles|accessdate=December 3|accessyear=2005] [Jocelyne Guilbault, "Dominica", in the "Garland Encyclopedia of World Music, Volume 2, pp 840-844]
Styles =bélé -caristo -chanté mas -jing ping -kont
Dance = bidjin (biguine) - flirtation - lancer - mazourk (mazurka) - mereng (merengue) - polka pil (pure polka) -quadrille - sotis (schottische) - vals o vyenn (Viennese waltz)
Instrumentation = chakchak (maracas) - lapo kabwit (drums) -tanbou bélé - triangle (tingting)
Other =lavèyé User:TUF-KAT/folkcountry
Tradition = Dominican Republic [Harvey, Sean and Sue Steward, "Merengue Attacks", in the "Rough Guide to World Music", pgs. 414 - 420]
Styles =bachata -gaga -jaleo - merengue -merengue típico cibaeño -perico ripiao
Dance = merengue
Instrumentation =accordion -cuatro -güira -guayo -güiro -marimba - palo -tambora drum -vaksin
Other =misterios -velacione User:TUF-KAT/folkcountry
Tradition = Dutch Antillean [cite web|accessdate=December 3|accessyear=2005|url=http://www.curacao-travelguide.com/culture/index.shtml|title=Curacao's Culture|work=Curacao Culture and Folklore] [Charles De Ledesma Charles and Gene Scaramuzzo, "Dance-Funk Creole-Style" in the "World Music, Vol. 2: Latin & North America, Caribbean, India, Asia and Pacific", pp 289-303]
Styles =belua -dan simadan -remailo -seú -tambú - tumba
Dance = bari -tambú -wapa
Instrumentation = agan (iron or ploughshare) - bastèl (calabash) - chapi (hoe) - conga (drum) -guitar - kachu (cow's horn) - karko -quarta - tambú (drum) - triangle - wiri
Other =Simadan User:TUF-KAT/folkcountry
Tradition = French Guianese [Manuel, "Caribbean Currents", pgs. 221 - 231]
Styles =awassa -cassé-co -kawina - mato -songé -soussa
Dance =bigi pokoe
Instrumentation =
Other =User:TUF-KAT/folkcountry
Tradition = Grenadan [cite web|work=Musical Traditions|title=Caribbean Voyage: Carriacou Calaloo|accessdate=September 9|accessyear=2005|url=http://www.mustrad.org.uk/reviews/cariacou.htm] [cite web|work=Paradise Inn|title=Tombstone - Big Drum - Saraca|accessdate=September 10|accessyear=2005|url=http://www.paradise-inn-carriacou.com/tombstone.php]
Styles =cantique -chantey -lullaby -saraca
Dance =big drum -heel-and-toe polka -picquet -quadrille - reel
Instrumentation =boula -cut drum
Other =Carriacou nations -saraca -Tombstone Feast User:TUF-KAT/folkcountry
Tradition = Guadeloupe [de Ledesma, Charles and Gene Scaramuzzo, "Dance-Funk Creole-Style", in the "Rough Guide to World Music", pgs. 289 - 303]
Styles =gwo ka
Dance =
Instrumentation =boula -gwo ka - markeur (maké)
Other =lewoz -masquerade -mizik vidé User:TUF-KAT/folkcountry
Tradition = Haitian [Harvey, Sean and Sue Steward, "Merengue Attacks" and "Compas Points", in the "Rough Guide to World Music", pgs. 414 - 420 and pgs. 421 - 429] Nettl, "Folk and Traditional Music"]
Styles = kongo - ibo -mereng -méringue -quintolet -ra-ra -ti -yanvalou
Dance =carabinier -chica -gragement -juba -menwat -méringue
Instrumentation =big -boula -graj -guitar -kóné -lanbi -mamman -marimba -mosquito drum -ogan -segon -shekere -tambou -tcha-tcha -vaksin
Other =bann rara -Haitian Carnival -majó jonk -Rada -Petwo -twoubadou -Vodou User:TUF-KAT/folkcountry
Tradition = Indo-Caribbean [cite book|title=Garland Encyclopedia of World Music|chapter=Indo-Caribbean Music|first=Peter|last=Manuel|pages=813 - 818|publisher=Garland Publishing|location=New York and London|year=2001|id=ISBN 0-8240-6040-7]
Styles =bhajan -birha - chautal -dingolay -gali - matkor (matticore) -maulud - nirgun (funereal song) -qasida -sohar - tan -tassa
Dance = matkor (matticore)
Instrumentation =dhantal -dholak -tabla -tassa
Other = Mariamman theater -Hossay -pandit -phagwa -picong User:TUF-KAT/folkcountry
Tradition = Jamaican
Styles =baccra -burru -etu -gumbe -kumina -mento -nyabhingi -ring play -tambu
Dance =mento
Instrumentation =banjo - bongo - fife -funde -guitar -kalimba
Other =jonkonnu -grounation -Pocomania -Revival Zion User:TUF-KAT/folkcountry
Tradition = Kittitian and Nevisian [cite web|title=SKNVibes|work=St. Kitts - Nevis Carnival History|url=http://www.sknvibes.com/Carnival/History.cfm|accessdate=December 5|accessyear=2005] [cite web|title=Caribbean Voyage: Nevis & St Kitts|work=Musical Traditions|url=http://www.mustrad.org.uk/reviews/nevis.htm|accessdate=December 5|accessyear=2005]
Styles =big drum -iron band
Dance =big drum
Instrumentation = baha (blown metal pipe) - fife -guitar -quarto - shack-shack (tin can with beads inside) - triangle
Other =tea meeting User:TUF-KAT/folkcountry
Tradition = Lucian [cite web|url=http://www.mustrad.org.uk/reviews/zoop.htm|work=Musical Traditions|accessdate=May 7|accessyear=2006|title=Musical Traditions of St Lucia|author=Campbell, David|year=1997] [Jocelyne Guilbault, "Saint Lucia" in the "Garland Encyclopedia of World Music, Volume Two: South America, Mexico, Central America, and the Caribbean"]
Styles =blòtjé -chanté abwè - chanté kont (jwé chanté) -chanté siay -gém -jwé -jwé dansé -Kélé drumming -kont -koutoumba -listwa -sankey -séwinal
Dance =bélè -comette - débòt (circle dance) -dézyèm fidji -faci - grande ronde (gwan won) - jwé pòté (circle dance) -koutoumba - kwadril (quadrille) - lakonmèt (mazurka, mazouk) - latwiyèm fidji (avantwa, lanmen dwèt) - manpa (maynan)| -moolala - omans (waltz) -polka -pwémyé fidji -schottische - solo (couple dance) - yonbòt (circle dance)
Instrumentation = baha (wooden trumpet) -banjo - bwa poye (skroud banjo) - chak-chak (rattle) -cuatro -fiddle -guitar - gwaj (scraper) - ka -mandolin - tambourine (tanbouwen) -tibwa - zo (bones)
Other =chantwèl -Kélé -La Marguerite -La Rose -lang dévivé -wibòt User:TUF-KAT/folkcountry
Tradition = Martinican [de Ledesma, Charles and Gene Scaramuzzo, "Dance-Funk Creole-Style", in the "Rough Guide to World Music", pgs. 289 - 303]
Styles =biguine vidé -chouval bwa -groups à pied -gwo ka -ti bwa
Dance =bélè -biguine -manege
Instrumentation =accordion -bélè - bell -clarinet - chacha (rattle) -flute -kazoo -tanbour -tanbou débonda -tibwa -trombone
Other =lewoz -masquerade User:TUF-KAT/folkcountry
Tradition = Montserratian [cite web|url=http://www.statecraft.net/montserrat/doc/MUSICOFMONTSERRAT2003.doc|accessdate=December 8|accessyear=2005|title=Music of Montserrat|work=Montserrat First, Montserrat Chamber of Commerce & Industry (MCCI) Inc.] [John Mesener, "Montserrat", in the "Garland Encyclopedia of World Music, Volume Two: South America, Mexico, Central America, and the Caribbean", pp 922-926]
Styles =jumbie
Dance =bam-chick-lay - country dance (goatskin, drum dance) - jumbie -polka -quadrille
Instrumentation =accordion - babala (jumbie drum, tambourine) -bagpipe -boom pipe - fife (pulley) - French reel (skin drum, woowoo, jumbie drum) -gradge -shak-shak - triangle - cuatro (yokolee, ukulele)
Other =obeah -rum shop User:TUF-KAT/folkcountry
Tradition = Puerto Rican [Sweeney, Philip, "Not Quite the 52nd State", in the "Rough Guide to World Music", pg. 481 - 487]
Styles =aguinaldo -bomba -copla -danza -jíbaro -plena -requinto -seis -tipica
Dance =bomba
Instrumentation = bomba - bongo -conga - cowbell -cuatro -güiro -maraca -pandereta -requinto -seguidora
Other =controversia -parranda -trovador User:TUF-KAT/folkcountry
Tradition = Surinamese [de Ledesma, Charles and Gene Scaramuzzo, "Dance-Funk Creole-Style", in the "Rough Guide to World Music", pgs. 289 - 303] [cite book|title=Garland Encyclopedia of World Music|chapter=Indo-Caribbean Music|first=Peter|last=Manuel|pages=813 - 818|publisher=Garland Publishing|location=New York and London|year=2001|id=ISBN 0-8240-6040-7]
Styles =aleko -badji -birha - gali (women's humor song) -kaseko -kawina -lonsei - matkor (matticore) - nirgun (funereal song) - sohar (women's childbirth song)" - tan ("baithak gana")
Dance = matkor (matticore)
Instrumentation =dhantal -dholak -djas -hari kawina -koti kawina -kwatro -papai benta -rattle -skratji -timbal
Other =ampuku -kumanti -obia pee -vodu -Winti User:TUF-KAT/folkcountry
Tradition = Trinidadian and Tobagan
Styles =bamboula -belair - calypso -gayap -juba -lavway -parang -steelpan
Dance =calinda
Instrumentation =bandolin -bo -cuatro -dhantal -dholak -oméle -steelpan -tassa
Other =calypso tent -camboulay -chantwell -Jamette -j'ouvert -picong -Shango -Trinidadian Carnival User:TUF-KAT/folkcountry
Tradition = Turks and Caicos [cite web|url=http://www.timespub.tc/Culture/Archive/Fall%202002/ripsaw.htm|accessdate=June 18|accessyear=2006|title=Ripsaw Music and Our Cultural Heritage|work=Times of the Islands]
Styles = ripsaw
Dance =
Instrumentation =accordion - glass bottle -box guitar -musical saw -concertina - conch horn -conga drum -harmonica -maraca -mouth organ - triangle
Other =User:TUF-KAT/folkcountry
Tradition = Vincentian [cite web|url=http://www.cp-pc.ca/english/stvincent/arts.html|title=The Arts and Literature|work=Cultural Profiles Project|accessdate=September 27|accessyear=2005] [cite web|url=http://www.cp-pc.ca/english/stvincent/holidays.html|title=Holidays|accessdate=September 27|accessyear=2005|work=Cultural Profiles Project]
Styles =bele -Big Drum -string band
Dance =big drum -quadrille
Instrumentation =Big Drum
Other =chantwell -Vincy mas User:TUF-KAT/folkcountry
Tradition = Virgin Islander [Sheehy, Daniel, "The Virgin Islands" in the "Garland Encyclopedia of World Music, Volume Two: South America, Mexico, Central America, and the Caribbean"]
Styles =bamboula -cariso - scratch (fungi) band - quelbe (quelbay)
Dance =jig - quadrille (Imperial Quadrille, Flat German Quadrille)
Instrumentation =accordion -ass pipe -banjo -flute - drum (double-headed barrel) -gourd -guitar - squash -tambourine -ukulele -violin -washboard
Other = "David and Goliath" -masquerade -tea meeting References
*cite book
author = Broughton, Simon and Mark Ellingham (eds.)
edition = First edition
id = ISBN 1-85828-636-0
location = London
publisher = Rough Guides
title = Rough Guide to World Music
year = 2000
*cite book
author = Lankford, Ronald D. Jr.
id = ISBN 0-8256-7300-3
location = New York
publsher = Schirmer Trade Books
title = The Changing Voice Music of Protest USA
year = 2005
*cite book
author = Philip V. Bohlman
coauthors = Bruno Nettl, Charles Capwell, Thomas Turino and Isabel K. F. Wong
edition = Second edition
id = ISBN 0-13-230632-8
publisher = Prentice Hall
title = Excursions in World Music
year = 1997
* cite book
title = Garland Encyclopedia of World Music, Volume 2
id = ISBN 0-8153-1865-0
year = 1999
publisher = Routledge
*cite book
author = Leymarie, Isabelle
id = ISBN 0-8264-6566-8
location = London
publisher = Continuum
title = Cuban Fire: The Story of Salsa and Latin Jazz
year = 2002
*cite book
author = Manuel, Peter
id = 0195053427
location = New York
publisher = Oxford University Press
title = Popular Musics of the Non-Western World
year = 1988
*cite book
author = Nettl, Bruno
location = Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey
publisher = Prentice Hall
title = Folk and Traditional Music of the Western Continents
year = 1965
*cite book
author = Fujie, Linda, James T. Koetting, David P. McAllester, David B. Reck, John M. Schechter, Mark Slobin and R. Anderson Sutton
edition = Second Edition
editor = Jeff Todd Titan (Ed.)
id = ISBN 0-02-872602-2
location = New York
publisher = Schirmer Books
title = Worlds of Music: An Introduction to the Music of the World's Peoples
year = 1992
*cite book
author = van der Merwe, Peter
id = ISBN 0-19-316121-4
location = Oxford
publisher = Clarendon Press
title = Origins of the Popular Style: The Antecedents of Twentieth-Century Popular Music
year = 1989
*cite web
accessdate= April 3
accessyear= 2006
title = International Dance Glossary
url = http://www.worldmusiccentral.org/staticpages/index.php/glossary
work = World Music CentralNotes
Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.
