Der Glöckner von Notre Dame

This article is about the Disney produced musical. For the French musical, see Notre-Dame de Paris (musical).

Der Glöckner von Notre Dame
Original cast recording, cover art
Music	Alan Menken
Lyrics	Stephen Schwartz
Book	James Lapine
Basis	Disney film The Hunchback of Notre Dame
Productions	1999 Berlin

Der Glöckner von Notre Dame (literally translated in English, The Bellringer of Notre Dame) is a musical with music by Alan Menken, lyrics by Stephen Schwartz, and book by James Lapine. The musical is based on the 1996 Disney film, The Hunchback of Notre Dame, which was inspired by the 1831 Victor Hugo novel of the same name.

The musical premiered in 1999 in Berlin, Germany, produced by Walt Disney Theatrical, the company's first musical to premiere outside the U.S. It ran for three years, becoming one of Berlin's longest-running musicals.

Production

The musical opened on June 5, 1999, for the opening of the Musicaltheater Berlin (today Theater am Potsdamer Platz), Berlin.^[1] After a successful run, it closed in June 2002.^[2] Directed by Lapine, the German translation was by Michael Kunze, choreography by Lar Lubovitch, set design by Heidi Ettinger, costume design by Sue Blane, lighting by Rick Fisher, sound by Tony Meola and projections by Jerome Sirlin.^[3][4][5]

This was Disney's first musical to premiere outside the US,^[2] and it became one of Berlin's longest-running musicals to date. As with Beauty and the Beast and The Lion King, Der Glöckner Von Notre Dame opened three years after the release of the movie it is based on.

The musical is a darker, more gothic adaptation of the film. According to translator Michael Kunze, he was " 'campaigning to allow Esmeralda to die at the end, as she does in the book. There was a feeling that the audience would be depressed if Esmeralda dies. I feel that a European audience would see this as a very romantic ending ... two lost souls finally find each other. People will cry, but they'll be moved. And it is a very romantic ending.' "^[6] The producers wanted to see how "preview audiences react before making the final decision."^[6]

An original cast recording was recorded in German.^[7]

Possible U.S. version

In 2008, Stephen Schwartz said, "I think we're starting up Hunchback of Notre Dame, hopefully, next year [2009]."^[8] In a November 2010 interview, Alan Menken confirmed that he was working on an American production: "We're bringing that one back, too! ... we are still using James Lapine's book."^[9]

Synopsis

Act I

In medieval Paris, Clopin, an old gypsy beggar, sings of the bells of the Cathedral of Notre Dame ("The Bells of Notre Dame"), and about how the bellringer was adopted by the Minister of Justice, Claude Frollo. Frollo and his men notice gypsies sneaking into the city. Thinking one of the gypsies has a bundle of stolen goods, Frollo chases her to Notre Dame, where he snatches the bundle and kills the gypsy. When Frollo discovers it is a deformed child, he attempts to kill it, but he is stopped by the Archdeacon. He tells Frollo to adopt the child in order to save his soul from eternal damnation for murdering the woman outside of the cathedral. Frollo accepts, on the condition that the child live in the cathedral's bell tower to keep him away from the outside world.

Twenty years later, the boy, named Quasimodo, is the bell ringer of Notre Dame and has grown into an adult. One day he notices that Parisians are preparing for the annual Festival of Fools. The three gargoyles, Antoine, Charles and Loni, encourage him to attend the festival, although he has never ventured outside Notre Dame. Frollo arrives and forbids Quasimodo to leave the tower, while the gargoyles urge him to disobey and venture out ("Sanctuary"). After Frollo leaves, Quasimodo decides to go out for just one day ("Out There").

While the Parisians continue their preparations, Clopin, King of the Gypsies, prepares his gypsies for the festival at their underground hide-out, the Court of Miracles ("Balancing Act"). Their attention is taken by a newcomer, a young gypsy dancer named Esmeralda. Meanwhile, Captain Phoebus arrives in Paris excited about his new promotion as Captain of the Guard ("Rest and Recreation"). He flirts with a young girl but is suddenly interrupted by a fleeing gypsy accused of theft. The gypsy pleads innocence but Frollo arrives and orders his soldiers to arrest the gypsy. Frollo tells Phoebus that the city has become over-run by Gypsies and that he plans to find the Court of Miracles and eliminate them all.

As the Festival begins ("Topsy Turvy"), Quasimodo arrives in disguise so Frollo will not recognize him. Frollo crosses paths with Esmeralda while dancing for the crowd. Afterwards, people begin to audition for the King of Fools. Thinking Quasimodo is in costume, Esmeralda pulls Quasimodo onstage and the crowd crowns Quasimodo as their king. But Quasimodo's identity is revealed and the crowd starts a riot, with Frollo refusing to call it off. Esmeralda intervenes and openly insults Frollo for his cruelty. Esmeralda comes to Quasimodo's rescue and Frollo orders Phoebus to arrest her but Esmeralda disappears. Quasimodo returns to the bell tower, ashamed and humiliated.

Esmeralda follows Quasimodo but Phoebus catches her inside the cathederal. Frollo arrives and interrogates her but the Archdeacon orders Frollo to leave, because those in the cathedral are protected by the law of sanctuary. Esmeralda prays for her people and the down-trodden ("God Help the Outcast"). Meanwhile, Frollo orders Phoebus to post a guard at every door to ensure that Esmeralda does not escape.

Esmeralda follows Quasimodo to the bell tower and is captivated by the view of the city ("On Top of the World"). To repay Esmeralda for rescuing him, Quasimodo offers to show her a way out of the cathedral. Before leaving, Esmeralda gives him an amulet leading to the Court of Miracles should he ever need to find her, and she also kisses him on the cheek. After Esmeralda leaves, Quasimodo expresses his feelings, as he has been touched by Esmeralda's kindness ("Heaven’s Light"). Frollo fears eternal damnation because of his own affections for Esmeralda and plans to execute her if she will not be his ("Hellfire").

The next morning, Frollo sees that Esmeralda is gone and asks Quasimodo where she is. Quasimodo says he does not know and Frollo organizes a manhunt to find Esmerelda. Phoebus eventually defies Frollo's order to burn down a house with a family inside, believing that they gave Esmeralda shelter. Frollo and his men begin to search the city ("Esmeralda"). Phoebus is caught crossing a bridge and shot in the arm with an arrow. He collapses into the river below but Esmeralda rescues her.

Act II

The soldiers continue searching the city ("City Under Siege"). Esmeralda rescues Phoebus and tells him to seek sanctuary at Notre Dame while she returns to the Court of Miracles. Meanwhile, the gargoyles convince Quasimodo that Esmeralda finds him romantically intriguing, and they reassure him about her safety ("A Guy Like You"). The Archdeacon brings Pheobus to the bell tower and Phoebus, knowing Quasimodo to be a friend of Esmeralda's, asks Quasimodo to hide him.

Frollo returns and discovers that Quasimodo helped Esmeralda escape after asking him. Frollo tells Quasimodo that he knows where the Court of Miracles is and intends to attack at dawn. After Frollo leaves, Phoebus comes out of hiding and asks Quasimodo to help him find the Court of Miracles and warn Esmeralda. Quasimodo refuses to leave the cathederal again but Phoebus and the gargoyles teach Quasimodo the value of devotion and selflessness ("Out of Love").

Using Esmeralda's amulet as their guide, Quasimodo and Pheobus find the Court of Miracles. The gypsies assume them to be Frollo's spies but Esmeralda assures them the two men are friends. Phoebus tells the gypsies about Frollo's plan and Clopin orders the gypsies to prepare to leave. Esmeralda and Pheobus decide to leave the city together while Quasimodo, heartbroken, watches Esmeralda leave with the man she truly loves ("Out of Love" (Reprise)). However, Frollo has followed them to the Court of Miracles and orders Esmeralda and Pheobus arrested, and Quasimodo imprisoned in the bell tower.

Frollo offers Esmeralda freedom if she will become his but Esmeralda refuses. The gargoyles tell Quasimodo to rescue Esmeralda but Quasimodo, feeling angry and defeated, tells them he is never going to the outside world and to leave him alone ("Made of Stone"). As dawn approaches, Esmeralda awaits her execution in the dungeon with Phoebus hoping that one day the world will be a better place ("Someday").

Frollo prepares to burn Esmeralda at the stake and offers her a chance to apologize, but Esmerelda refuses and his men light the fire. Unable to bear the sight of Esmeralda in danger, Quasimodo swings down to the square and carries Esmeralda back to the bell tower. Frollo orders his men to break into the cathedral but Phoebus and the Parisians revolt against them. Quasimodo calls upon the saints and the gargoyles to cause a molten cascade of lead to fall upon the soldiers. Quasimodo seeks Esmeralda, to tell her of their victory, and that she is now safe. However, Esmeralda dies after thanking him for being a good friend.. Frollo finds Quasimodo grieving over Esmeralda’s death and tries to comfort him but Quasimodo throws Frollo over the balcony to his death. The gargoyles comfort Quasimodo and tell him the world is full of good as well as evil. The Parisians watch as Quasimodo carries Esmeralda's body through the square with Pheobus by his side. Clopin appears again and asks what makes a monster and what makes a man. ("Grand Finale").

Musical numbers

Act I^[10]

• "Die Glocken Notre Dames" ("The Bells of Notre Dame") – Clopin, Archdeacon, Frollo & Chorus
• "Zuflucht" ("Sanctuary") – Frollo, Quasimodo, Antoine, Charles & Loni
• "Draußen" ("Out There") – Quasimodo
• "Tanz auf dem Seil" ("Balancing Act") – Clopin, Esmeralda & Gypsies
• "Ein bißchen Freude" ("Rest and Recreation") – Phoebus
• "Drunter drüber" ("Topsy Turvy") – Clopin, Quasimodo & Crowd
• "Helf den Verstoß'nen" ("God Help the Outcasts") – Esmeralda, Quasimodo & Parisians
• "Hoch über der Welt" ("Top of the World") – Esmeralda, Quasimodo, Antoine, Charles & Loni
• "Das Licht des Himmels" ("Heaven's Light") – Quasimodo
• "Das Feuer der Hölle" ("Hellfire") – Frollo & Priests
• "Esmeralda" – Frollo, Quasimodo, Phoebus, Esmeralda, Clopin & Soldiers

Act II

• "Trommeln in der Stadt" ("City Under Siege") – Clopin & Parisians
• "Ein Mann wie du" ("A Guy Like You") – Antoine, Charles, Loni & Quasimodo
• "Weil du liebst" ("Out of Love") – Quasimodo, Phoebus, Antoine, Charles & Loni
• "Tanz der Zigeuner" ("Dance of the Gypsies") - Orchestra
• "Weil du liebst ("Out of Love (Reprise)") – Phoebus, Esmeralda & Quasimodo
• "Wie aus Stein" ("Made of Stone") – Quasimodo, Loni, Charles & Antoine
• "Einmal" ("Someday") – Esmeralda, Phoebus & Parisians
• "Grand Finale" – Full Company

Roles and original Berlin cast

Source: Variety Magazine^[5]

• Quasimodo: Drew Sarich
• Esmeralda: Judy Weiss
• Phoebus: Fredrik Lycke
• Clopin: Jens Janke
• Frollo: Norbert Lamla
• Charles: Valentin Zahn
• Loni: Yvonne Ritz Andersen
• Antoine: Tamàs Ferkay
• The Archdeacon: Carlo Lauber

Differences from the original 1996 film

• The gargoyles' names have been changed from Victor, Hugo and Laverne to Charles, Antoine and Loni. The gargoyles' comedy in the musical is greatly toned down; they sing in many more songs, and they are also firmly established as figments of Quasimodo's imagination.
• Neither Esmeralda's goat Djali nor Phoebus' horse Achilles appear in the stage musical.
• Esmeralda is shown a way out of Notre Dame rather than Quasimodo climbing down, holding her.
• When narrating, Clopin appears as a crippled old beggar and no longer uses puppets.
• The song from the film "The Court of Miracles" is replaced by a dance number called "Dance of the Gypsies".
• Frollo's past is expanded to note that he was once a priest, harking back to his position as the archdeacon in the original novel.
• Esmeralda dies at the end.
• Frollo is thrown off the cathedral by Quasimodo, instead of falling from the crumbling gargoyle fixture.
• "Sanctuary", the song that consists of Quasimodo and Frollo that played before "Out There" is expanded and the Gargoyles are added in the number.
• It is the archdeacon who brings Phoebus to Quasimodo instead of Esmeralda.

Design features

Set

The set for the original production utilized many large hydraulically controlled boxes that can be placed at every conceivable height and level, and used highly detailed photographic images. The finale of act one shows Phoebus' plummet from a bridge over the Seine after being shot by an arrow.^[10]

Sound

The bell effect is produced live in the orchestra pit with both chimes and at times electric keyboards and routed through the console, a Cadac J-Type with motorized faders.^[11] Tony Meola noted that the Berlin theatre was "really quite good acoustically for a large musical. It's not too reverberant, yet reverberant enough to make the orchestra sound good and you can hear the words of the songs."^[11]

Projections

The Hunchback of Notre Dame is set in medieval Paris with the Cathedral of Notre Dame de Paris as a central location. "I try to draw from elements of the period," says Jerome Sirlin, who spent a few days in Paris taking photographs of the Seine and of Notre Dame and the views from the cathedral. "The pictures served as source material," he explains, noting that he used versions of the cathedral's gargoyles and other architectural elements to capture the essence of Notre Dame. "You can create a lot of movement with the projections. The audience believes what you tell them if you do it right."^[11]

There are projections used in every scene of the show. "Sometimes they are more for scenery or an effect, a texture or an image," continues Sirlin. "There are a variety of ways of working with the large-format projectors and defining your gobos a little differently." An incredibly beautiful use of the projections is a scene that takes place on a bridge above, and then in, the Seine."^[11]

Reception

The Variety Magazine reviewer noted that "The prevailing tone, indeed, is far and away the most somber of the three Disney film-to-stage shows yet." He wrote that "The design is likely to be the show's talking point in any language, coupling as it does the best of British and American talent with a new $ 100 million dollar-plus playhouse specifically adapted to accommodate the demands of the piece. The aquamarine stage curtain, Gothic tracery already encoded within it, rises to reveal set designer Heidi Ettinger's ever-shifting array of cubes that join with Jerome Sirlin's projections to conjure the medieval world of the Parisian belltower inhabited by Sarich's misshapen orphan Quasimodo, his unyielding master Frollo (Norbert Lamla) and a trio of very chatty gargoyles...the music tilts towards the generic."^[5]

References

1. ^ Simonson, Robert and Lefkowitz, David. "Disney's Berlin 'Hunchback'Will Rehearse in New York in Spring 1999" playbill.com, November 10, 1998
2. ^ ^{a b} "'Der Glöckner von Notre Dame'" thisdayindisneyhistory.com, accessed January 28, 2011
3. ^ "The Hunchback of Notre Dame," Find Articles at BNET.com, Variety
4. ^ "'Der Glöckner von Notre Dame', Production History" jameslapine.com, accessed January 28, 2011
5. ^ ^{a b c} Wolf, Matt. "The Hunchback Of Notre Dame (Der Glockner Von Notre Dame)", Variety Magazine, June 21, 1999 - June 27, 1999, Section: Legit Reviews; Abroad; p. 86
6. ^ ^{a b} Geitner, Paul. "Disney's 'Hunchback' Goes to Stage", Associated Press Online, May 26, 1999, Section: Entertainment, television and culture, Dateline: Berlin
7. ^ "'The Hunchback of Notre Dame' Cast Album" castalbumdb.com, accessed January 28, 2011
8. ^ Haun, Harry. "Playbill On Opening Night: 'The Little Mermaid' — Starfish Express" playbill.com, January 11, 2008
9. ^ Cerasaro, Pat. "Alan Menken Interview". Broadwayworld.com, November 15, 2010
10. ^ ^{a b} Disney "The Hunchback of Notre Dame Stage production recording", at the musicalschwartz website
11. ^ ^{a b c d} Lampert-Creaux, Ellen."Bells Are Ringing" livedesignonline.com, October 1, 1999

External links

• Official Der Glöckner von Notre Dame website (Archive)
• Official Der Glöckner von Notre Dame website (German) (Archive)
• Description of the technical design of the original production