Inspection

Inspection
Maintenance check of electronic equipment on a U.S. Navy aircraft.

An inspection is, most generally, an organized examination or formal evaluation exercise. In engineering activities inspection involves the measurements, tests, and gauges applied to certain characteristics in regard to an object or activity. The results are usually compared to specified requirements and standards for determining whether the item or activity is in line with these targets. Inspections are usually non-destructive.

A surprise inspection tends to have different results than an announced inspection. Leaders seeking to discover how well lower echelons in their organization are typically doing sometimes drop in unannounced to see what is going on and what conditions are. When an inspection is scheduled in advance, it gives people a chance to cover up or fix mistakes. A surprise inspection, therefore, gives inspectors a better picture of the typical state of the inspected object than an announced inspection.

Contents

Specific instances

Business

In international trade several destination countries require Pre-shipment inspection. The importer instructs the shipper which inspection company should be used. The inspector makes pictures and a report to certify that the goods that are being shipped and produced are in accordance with the accompanying documents.

Government

In government and politics, an inspection is the act of a monitoring authority administering an official review of various criteria (such as documents, facilities, records, and any other assets) that are deemed by the authority to be related to the inspection. Inspections are used for the purpose of determining if a body is complying with regulations. The inspector examines the criteria and talks with involved individuals. A report and evaluation follows such visits.

The Food Safety Inspection Service is charged with ensuring that all meat and egg products in the United States are safe to consume and accurately labeled. The Meat Inspection Act of 1906 authorized the Secretary of Agriculture to order meat inspections and condemn any found unfit for human consumption. The United Nations Monitoring, Verification and Inspection Commission is a regulatory body that inspects for weapons of mass destruction. The Scottish Commission for the Regulation of Care regulates and inspects care services in Scotland.

An Oregon Air National Guardsman makes an inspection of a radio-tower

Road vehicles

A vehicle inspection, e.g., an annual inspection, is a necessary inspection required on vehicles to conform with laws regarding safety, emissions, or both. It consists of an examination of a vehicle's components, usually done by a certified mechanic. Vehicles pass a pre-warranty inspection, if, and only if, a mechanic provide evidence for the proper working condition of the vehicle systems specified in the type of inspection.

Engineering, mechanics

Quality related inspection is an essential part of quality control.

A mechanical inspection is usually undertaken to ensure the safety or reliability of structures or machinery.

In Europe bodies involved in engineering inspection may be assessed by acreditation bodies according to ISO 17020 "General criteria for the operation of various types of bodies performing inspection". This standard defines inspection as Examination of a product design, product, service, process or plant, and determination of their conformity with specific requirements or, on the basis of professional judgement, general requirements.

Non-Destructive Examination (NDE)[1] or nondestructive testing (NDT) describe a number of technologies used to analyze materials for either inherent flaws or damage from use. Some common methods are visual, Liquid or dye penetrant inspection, magnetic-particle inspection, radiographic testing, ultrasonic testing, eddy-current testing, acoustic emission testing, and thermographic inspection. In addition, many non-destructive inspections can be performed by a precision scale, or when in motion, a checkweigher.

Medical

An medical inspection is the thorough and unhurried visualization of a client, this requires the use of the naked eye.

Military

An examination vessel is a craft used to inspect ships entering or leaving a port.

Real estate

A property inspection is the examination for purposes of evaluating a property's condition. In purchasing property, a "whole house inspection" tries to detect defects in the property. The railroad's inspection locomotive were special types of steam locomotive designed to carry railroad officials on inspection tours of the railroad property.

Software engineering

Software inspection, in software engineering, refers to peer review of any work product by trained individuals who look for defects using a well defined process.

See also

  • United States Postal Inspection Service (USPIS ): law enforcement arm of the United States Postal Service.
  • Review: Writings that discuss opinion on something, usually art or entertainment.
  • Workers and Peasants Inspection: A Soviet government organization.
  • Inspection phase: Judgements on knowledge of various subjects relating to events.
  • Stateful Packet Inspection: Conversation tracking between the hosts

References

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  • inspection — [ ɛ̃spɛksjɔ̃ ] n. f. • 1290; lat. inspectio 1 ♦ Vieilli Examen attentif. « une simple inspection de l esprit » (Descartes). 2 ♦ Examen attentif dans un but d enquête, de contrôle, de surveillance, de vérification; travail, fonction d inspecteur.… …   Encyclopédie Universelle

  • inspection — in‧spec‧tion [ɪnˈspekʆn] noun [countable, uncountable] 1. a visit to a factory or other building to check that everything is satisfactory and all rules are being obeyed: • The factory has regular inspections by the Health and Safety Executive. 2 …   Financial and business terms

  • inspection — in·spec·tion n: a careful and critical examination: as a: a buyer s examination of goods prior to payment or acceptance esp. in accordance with section 2 513 of the Uniform Commercial Code b: an examination of articles of commerce to determine… …   Law dictionary

  • inspection — INSPECTION. s. f. Action par laquelle on regarde, on considere quelque chose. J ay connu par l inspection des pieces du procés. à la premiere inspection on connoist que cet acte est faux. l inspection du ciel; des astres. il luy predit par l… …   Dictionnaire de l'Académie française

  • Inspection — examination of a product design, product, service, process orplant, and determination of their conformity with specific requirements or, on the basis of professional judgment, general requirements (ISO/IEC 17020:1998). Источник …   Словарь-справочник терминов нормативно-технической документации

  • Inspection — In*spec tion, n. [L. inspectio: cf. F. inspection.] 1. The act or process of inspecting or looking at carefully; a strict or prying examination; close or careful scrutiny; investigation. Spenser. [1913 Webster] With narrow search, and with… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • inspection — late 14c., from O.Fr. inspeccion inspection, examination (13c.), from L. inspectionem (nom. inspectio) a looking into, noun of action from pp. stem of inspicere look into, inspect, examine, from in into (see IN (Cf. in ) (2)) + specere to look… …   Etymology dictionary

  • Inspection — (v. lat.), 1) das Besichtigen, so Inspectio ocularis, s. Besichtigung; 2) (Med.), Besichtigung eines Kranken, um aus seinem Äußeren auf innere Krankheitszustände zu schließen; 3) die Aufsicht; 4) ein Bezirk od. eine Anzahl von Anstalten, Personen …   Pierer's Universal-Lexikon

  • Inspection — Inspection, lat. deutsch, Beaufsichtigung, Prüfung; inspiciren, beaufsichten, prüfen; Inspicirung, die Vornahme des Actes; Inspector, der Aufseher, inspicirende Beamte, beim Kriegswesen ein höherer Offizier, welcher die Ausrüstung, Einübung,… …   Herders Conversations-Lexikon

  • Inspection — См. Инспекция Термины атомной энергетики. Концерн Росэнергоатом, 2010 …   Термины атомной энергетики

  • inspection — examination, scrutiny, scanning, audit (see under SCRUTINIZE vb) Analogous words: investigation, probe, inquest, *inquiry, inquisition, research: surveillance, *oversight, supervision …   New Dictionary of Synonyms

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