- M2 Hills Motorway
Australian motorway
motorway logo=Australian_motorway_HILLS_M2.jpg
motorway= M2 Hills Motorway
length-km= 21
length-mi= 13
direction= East–west
start=
destinations= Epping, Beecroft, Carlingford, Baulkham Hills
end=
opening-date= 1993
completion-date=26 May 1997
junctions=
motorway owner=Transurban Limited
motorway operator= Hills Motorway LimitedThe M2 Hills Motorway (also known as the Hills M2 Motorway, M2 Motorway or simply M2) is a
motorway in north-westernSydney, New South Wales ,Australia . It forms part of SydneyMetroad 2 and the 110 kmSydney Orbital Network . West ofPennant Hills Road , the M2 is also part of the National Highway.History
Previously, Sydney's western suburbs were poorly served. Traffic passed through Parramatta and to the city centre via Victoria Road and Western Freeway. Although Parramatta was completely bypassed in the 1986, peak hour traffic still clogs up Victoria Road and all western approaches to Sydney.
The M2 Hills Motorway was developed to connect Old Windsor Road, Seven Hills to
Epping Road ,North Ryde , and thus bypass the busy inner western suburbs. In turn, Epping Road connects with Gore Hill Freeway atArtarmon which leads to the Harbour Bridge and the CBD.Historically, however, the M2 Motorway was known as the F2 Freeway (or
North West Freeway ) before its construction. As part of the integrated freeway plans drawn up for Sydney in 1942, the F2 was originally planned to link to theGladesville Bridge and then on toAnzac Bridge via a new set of elevated freeways behind Drummoyne, the land for which was sold by the Wran Labor Government in 1988. This explains the freeway-style grade of road from Gladesville Bridge to Hunters Hill, and the green belt north up to the seemingly arbitrary city-end of the M2 (The Gore Hill Freeway and Lane Cove Tunnel were not parts of this original plan, and the "F1" Warringah Freeway was designed to be a link to the Northern Beaches, via Roseville Bridge, and not to the Hills district). Evidence of the F2's original alignment can be found on old street directories, where the Western Distributor (which connects Anzac Bridge to the city) is labelled 'North-West Freeway'.The intersection of Epping and Pittwater Road was once destined to be a major junction of part of "Sydney's Missing Roads" until the cancellation of the North Western and Lane Cove Valley Expressways in 1977. [http://www.ozroads.com.au/NSW/Special/Unbuilt/F3/lcv.htm]
The M2 Hills Motorway is a privately funded capital works. The NSW Government entered into an agreement with Hills Motorway Limited to build, own, operate and, ultimately, transfer the M2 back to the Government at the end of a 45 year term.
The M2 Hills Motorway pioneered the use of electronic tolling in
Australia Fact|date=March 2008 when it opened on26 May 1997 . In April 2007, Transurban announced that from1 December 2007 the M2 Hills motorway will be fully cashless with no toll booths. [http://www.hillsm2.com.au/transurban_online/ne5nav_hills.nsf/LinkView/7701C3D3519B46E2CA2572C80075D69CABD5DAB709F88F70CA25703E0064DA30] . However, as at 29 February 2008, the M2 has not yet become cashless and no further details or revised timetable for the plan had been announced.In April 2007, a third traffic lane heading westbound became operational between the Lane Cove Road and Beecroft Road interchanges by utilising the existing cycling/breakdown lane and lane remarking works. There has been criticisms from cyclists who are forced to cycle via alternative routes as a result of the loss of the lane, and from motorists who have said that the addition of a third lane will induce more traffic and shift the bottleneck further down the motorway as a result of assisting and maintaining free-flowing traffic from the Lane Cove Tunnel, which is now directly connected with the M2 motorway. A speed camera enforcing the 70km/h limit was also introduced on the westbound carriageway just before the Epping/Norfolk Road tunnel.
The
Lane Cove Tunnel which opened on Sunday25 March 2007 , which links-up to the M2 atLane Cove and carries about 50,000 vehicles per day on theSydney Orbital Network also theWestlink M7 , which opened on16 December 2005 links the M2 Hills Motorway (at Seven Hills) to theM5 South Western Motorway at Prestons.Route
The M2 Hills Motorway connects directly with the Lane Cove Tunnel at the
Lane Cove River in North Ryde and heads North West through Macquarie Park to Epping, then West through Beecroft, Carlingford then South West through Baulkham Hills and Winston Hills onto the Westlink M7 motorway at Seven Hills.Exits and Interchanges
Future
A freeway standard
Sydney Bypass has been intended as part of the National Highway system for decades. It is now planned that a new tunnelled route will be built to connect from the M2 Motorway near thePennant Hills Road interchange to theSydney-Newcastle Freeway (also known as the F3) north of Pearce's Corner, Wahroonga.A report commissioned by Ryde Council has identified the lack of direct access to and from the M2 at
Macquarie Park , and the potential to provide additional on and off-ramps at various intersections with the M2 to improve traffic access and relieve congestion. Most notably, the report identifies the opportunity of negotiation with Transurban and the RTA for construction of the missing east facing ramps at theLane Cove Road intersection. [PBAI Australia, [http://www.ryde.nsw.gov.au/WEB/SITE/RESOURCES/DOCUMENTS/PDF/EnvironmentPublicExhibition/section_2_mac_park_centre_report_270307.pdf "Integrating Transport with Land Use in the City of Ryde: Draft Centre Report for Macquarie Park"] , March 2007.] The proposed east-bound on-ramp at the Lane Cove Road intersection would allow city-bound traffic from the Pymble area to avoid heavy congestion and the complicated movement of joining Epping Road and merging across four-lanes of traffic to enter theLane Cove Tunnel . The "need for east-facing M2 ramps at Lane Cove Road intersection" was raised in the 2002 Director General's report on the then proposed Lane Cove Tunnel. The RTA did not respond to requests from Ryde City Council for the ramps to be added as part of the Lane Cove Tunnel Project. [NSW Department of Planning, [http://duap.nsw.gov.au/assessingdev/pdf/consents02/lanecovetunnel-FinalDGReport.pdf "Proposed Lane Cove Tunnel and Associated Road Improvements, Volume 1"] , November 2002, ISBN 0 7347 0393 7]Toll payments
Tolls are charged on the basis of vehicles being either Class 2 (which includes most private vehicles) or Class 4 (vehicles with two axles and are over 2.8 metres high, or vehicles with three axles which are over 2 metres high, or vehicles with more than three axles). Transurban has announced that the M2 Hills motorway will become fully electronic with no cash booths from December 2007 to assist with free-flowing traffic to and from adjacent fully electronic toll roads, such as the;
Cross City Tunnel ,Westlink M7 ,Lane Cove Tunnel and theSydney Harbour Tunnel , with the end result being a non stop journey at minimum speeds of 70 km/h from the beginning of M7 right through to theSydney Harbour Tunnel .The M2 supports the following toll methods (from April 2007):
* Cash payment (manual or automatic)
* Electronic tolling, otherwise known as an E-Tag. At the main toll plaza at Macquarie Park, there are two dedicated express tolling lanes in each direction via a toll gantry.
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