Mauritius Olive White-eye

Mauritius Olive White-eye
Conservation status
Critically Endangered (IUCN 3.1)
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Aves
Order:	Passeriformes
Family:	Zosteropidae
Genus:	Zosterops
Species:	Z. chloronothos
Binomial name
Zosterops chloronothos Vieillot, 1817
Synonyms
Zosterops chloronothus Zosterops olivacea chloronothos[1]

The Mauritius Olive White-eye (Zosterops chloronothos^[2][3][4] often mistakenly spelled Zosterops chloronothus^[5][6]) is a very rare passerine from the family of white-eyes (Zosteropidae). It is endemic to the island of Mauritius.

Description

This species was first described in 1817 by French ornithologist Louis Jean Pierre Vieillot as Zosterops chloronothos. It can reach a size of about 10 cm. The upperparts are a dull olive-green, the underparts a paler colour. The belly and vent have a yellow hue and the eyes are surrounded by a conspicuous white ring. The males and females are similarly coloured. The habitat of the Mauritius Olive White-eye is the evergreen bushes and forests in the area of the Black River Gorge National Park and the Macchabée-Bel Ombre Biosphere Reserve. Its diet consists of nectar and insects.

During the breeding period, between September and March, two pale eggs are laid in a cup-shaped nest, which is well-hidden in the foliage. Males and females share brooding tasks. Normally only one juvenile is reared, which becomes fully fledged in about 14 days.

Threats

The Mauritius Olive White-eye is one of the rarest birds on Mauritius. Difficult to observe, the birds inhabit an area of only 25 km². The main threats are introduced rats and Crab-eating Macaques, which destroy the nests. In only 27 years the population declined dramatically from 350 pairs in 1975 to only 120 pairs in 2002. Another reason for its rarity is that the Mauritius Olive White-eye has evolved around the nectar of several endemic flowers from Mauritius. The introduction of other plant species has led to a decline in the required flowers and hence to severely decreasing numbers of the birds. Currently there is a monitoring by the Mauritian Wildlife Foundation for every found nest.

Notes and references

1. ^ Staub, F. (1993). Fauna of Mauritius and associated flora. Port Louis: Précigraph Limited. 103 p.
2. ^ The species was first described and named Zosterops chloronothos by Viellot in Nouveau Dictionnaire d'Histoire Naturelle Appliquée Aux Arts... vol. 9, p.408.
3. ^ Sibley and Monroe's checklist of the Birds of the World, 1993.
4. ^ Alan P. Peterson's checklist of the Birds of the World.
5. ^ BirdLife Species Factsheet.
6. ^ (2007) Rare Birds Yearbook 2008. England: MagDig Media Lmtd, 208. ISBN 978-0-9552607-3-5.

External links

• BirdLife International (2004). Zosterops chloronothus. 2006. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCN 2006. www.iucnredlist.org. Retrieved on 11 May 2006. Database entry includes justification for why this species is critically endangered
• BirdLife Species Factsheet.
• Encyclopedia mauritania factsheet (engl.)