Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor

Glial cell derived neurotrophic factor, also known as GDNF, is a small protein that potently promotes the survival of many types of neurons cite web | title = Entrez Gene: GDNF glial cell derived neurotrophic factor| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=2668| accessdate = ]

PBB_Summary
section_title =
summary_text = This gene encodes a highly conserved neurotrophic factor. The recombinant form of this protein was shown to promote the survival and differentiation of dopaminergic neurons in culture, and was able to prevent apoptosis of motor neurons induced by axotomy. The encoded protein is processed to a mature secreted form that exists as a homodimer. The mature form of the protein is a ligand for the product of the RET (rearranged during transfection) protooncogene. In addition to the transcript encoding GDNF, two additional alternative transcripts encoding distinct proteins, referred to as astrocyte-derived trophic factors, have also been described. Mutations in this gene may be associated with Hirschprung disease.cite web | title = Entrez Gene: GDNF glial cell derived neurotrophic factor| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=2668| accessdate = ]

Functions

The most prominent feature of GDNF is its ability to support the survival of dopaminergic and motorneurons.

These neuronal populations die in the course of Parkinson's disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) respectively. GDNF also regulates kidney development and spermatogenesis, and it affects alcohol consumption. [Cite journal
author = Sebastien Carnicella, Viktor Kharazia, Jerome Jeanblanc, Patricia H. Janak, Dorit Ron
title = GDNF is a fast-acting potent inhibitor of alcohol consumption and relapse
journal = Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA
doi = 10.1073/pnas.0711755105
url = http://www.pnas.org/content/105/23/8114.abstract
month = June
year = 2008
volume = 105
issue = 23
pages = 8114-8119]

GDNF family of ligands (GFL)

GDNF is a founding member of the GDNF family of ligands (GFL).

References

Further reading

PBB_Further_reading
citations =
*cite journal | author=Hofstra RM, Osinga J, Buys CH |title=Mutations in Hirschsprung disease: when does a mutation contribute to the phenotype. |journal=Eur. J. Hum. Genet. |volume=5 |issue= 4 |pages= 180–5 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9359036 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Martucciello G, Ceccherini I, Lerone M, Jasonni V |title=Pathogenesis of Hirschsprung's disease. |journal=J. Pediatr. Surg. |volume=35 |issue= 7 |pages= 1017–25 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10917288 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Schindelhauer D, Schuffenhauer S, Gasser T, "et al." |title=The gene coding for glial cell line derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) maps to chromosome 5p12-p13.1. |journal=Genomics |volume=28 |issue= 3 |pages= 605–7 |year= 1996 |pmid= 7490108 |doi= 10.1006/geno.1995.1202
*cite journal | author=Tomac A, Lindqvist E, Lin LF, "et al." |title=Protection and repair of the nigrostriatal dopaminergic system by GDNF in vivo. |journal=Nature |volume=373 |issue= 6512 |pages= 335–9 |year= 1995 |pmid= 7830766 |doi= 10.1038/373335a0
*cite journal | author=Oppenheim RW, Houenou LJ, Johnson JE, "et al." |title=Developing motor neurons rescued from programmed and axotomy-induced cell death by GDNF. |journal=Nature |volume=373 |issue= 6512 |pages= 344–6 |year= 1995 |pmid= 7830769 |doi= 10.1038/373344a0
*cite journal | author=Schaar DG, Sieber BA, Sherwood AC, "et al." |title=Multiple astrocyte transcripts encode nigral trophic factors in rat and human. |journal=Exp. Neurol. |volume=130 |issue= 2 |pages= 387–93 |year= 1995 |pmid= 7867768 |doi= 10.1006/exnr.1994.1218
*cite journal | author=Lin LF, Doherty DH, Lile JD, "et al." |title=GDNF: a glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor for midbrain dopaminergic neurons. |journal=Science |volume=260 |issue= 5111 |pages= 1130–2 |year= 1993 |pmid= 8493557 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Bermingham N, Hillermann R, Gilmour F, "et al." |title=Human glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) maps to chromosome 5. |journal=Hum. Genet. |volume=96 |issue= 6 |pages= 671–3 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8522325 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Gash DM, Zhang Z, Ovadia A, "et al." |title=Functional recovery in parkinsonian monkeys treated with GDNF. |journal=Nature |volume=380 |issue= 6571 |pages= 252–5 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8637574 |doi= 10.1038/380252a0
*cite journal | author=Jing S, Wen D, Yu Y, "et al." |title=GDNF-induced activation of the ret protein tyrosine kinase is mediated by GDNFR-alpha, a novel receptor for GDNF. |journal=Cell |volume=85 |issue= 7 |pages= 1113–24 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8674117 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Angrist M, Bolk S, Halushka M, "et al." |title=Germline mutations in glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) and RET in a Hirschsprung disease patient. |journal=Nat. Genet. |volume=14 |issue= 3 |pages= 341–4 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8896568 |doi= 10.1038/ng1196-341
*cite journal | author=Salomon R, Attié T, Pelet A, "et al." |title=Germline mutations of the RET ligand GDNF are not sufficient to cause Hirschsprung disease. |journal=Nat. Genet. |volume=14 |issue= 3 |pages= 345–7 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8896569 |doi= 10.1038/ng1196-345
*cite journal | author=Ivanchuk SM, Myers SM, Eng C, Mulligan LM |title=De novo mutation of GDNF, ligand for the RET/GDNFR-alpha receptor complex, in Hirschsprung disease. |journal=Hum. Mol. Genet. |volume=5 |issue= 12 |pages= 2023–6 |year= 1997 |pmid= 8968758 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Haniu M, Hui J, Young Y, "et al." |title=Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor: selective reduction of the intermolecular disulfide linkage and characterization of its disulfide structure. |journal=Biochemistry |volume=35 |issue= 51 |pages= 16799–805 |year= 1997 |pmid= 8988018 |doi= 10.1021/bi9605550
*cite journal | author=Bär KJ, Facer P, Williams NS, "et al." |title=Glial-derived neurotrophic factor in human adult and fetal intestine and in Hirschsprung's disease. |journal=Gastroenterology |volume=112 |issue= 4 |pages= 1381–5 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9098026 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Jing S, Yu Y, Fang M, "et al." |title=GFRalpha-2 and GFRalpha-3 are two new receptors for ligands of the GDNF family. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=272 |issue= 52 |pages= 33111–7 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9407096 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Eng C, Myers SM, Kogon MD, "et al." |title=Genomic structure and chromosomal localization of the human GDNFR-alpha gene. |journal=Oncogene |volume=16 |issue= 5 |pages= 597–601 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9482105 |doi= 10.1038/sj.onc.1201573
*cite journal | author=Amiel J, Salomon R, Attié T, "et al." |title=Mutations of the RET-GDNF signaling pathway in Ondine's curse. |journal=Am. J. Hum. Genet. |volume=62 |issue= 3 |pages= 715–7 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9497256 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Yamaguchi Y, Wada T, Suzuki F, "et al." |title=Casein kinase II interacts with the bZIP domains of several transcription factors. |journal=Nucleic Acids Res. |volume=26 |issue= 16 |pages= 3854–61 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9685505 |doi=

External links

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