List of Pinguicula species

::"This article is a list of the Butterworts, the species of the genus Pinguicula. For general information on butterworts, please see the main article on Pinguicula."

The genus "Pinguicula" contains the 83 species of butterworts, belonging to the Bladderwort family (Lentibulariaceae). It has a natural distribution across most of the northern hemisphere, though over half of the species are concentrated in Mexico and Central America. Siegfried Jost Casper systematically divided them into three subgenera with 15 sections. Subsequent phylogenetic research showed that many of these groupings are polyphyletic, but they are used below.

Subgenus "Isoloba"

Section "Agnata"

*"Pinguicula agnata"
*"Pinguicula albida"
*"Pinguicula filifolia"
*"Pinguicula gigantea"
*"Pinguicula benedicta"
*"Pinguicula cubensis"
*"Pinguicula infundibuliformis"
*"Pinguicula pilosa"
*"Pinguicula lithophytica"

Section "Cardiophyllum"

*"Pinguicula crystallina"
**"Pinguicula crystallina" ssp. "hirtiflora"

Section "Discoradix"

*"Pinguicula casabitoana"
*"Pinguicula lignicola"

Section "Heterophyllum"

*"Pinguicula acuminata"
*"Pinguicula heterophylla"
*"Pinguicula kondoi"
*"Pinguicula mirandae"
*"Pinguicula parvifolia"
*"Pinguicula rotundiflora"
*"Pinguicula imitatrix"
*"Pinguicula conzattii"

Section "Isoloba"

*"Pinguicula lilacina"
*"Pinguicula pumila": Small Butterwort
*"Pinguicula sharpii"
*"Pinguicula takakii"
*"Pinguicula caerulea": Blueflower Butterwort
*"Pinguicula ionantha": Godfrey's Butterwort, Violet Butterwort
*"Pinguicula lutea": Yellow Butterwort
*"Pinguicula planifolia": Chapman's Butterwort
*"Pinguicula primuliflora": Southern Butterwort
*"Pinguicula lusitanica"

Subgenus "Pinguicula"

Section "Crassifolia"

*"Pinguicula esseriana"
*"Pinguicula ehlersiae"
*"Pinguicula debbertiana"
*"Pinguicula jaumavensis"

Section "Homophyllum"

*"Pinguicula greenwoodii"
*"Pinguicula jackii"
*" Pinguicula lippoldii"
*"Pinguicula toldensis"

Section "Longitubus"

*"Pinguicula calderoniae"
*"Pinguicula crassifolia"
*"Pinguicula hemiepiphytica"
*"Pinguicula laueana"
*"Pinguicula utricularioides"

Section "Nana"

*"Pinguicula villosa": Hairy Butterwort

Section "Orcheosanthus"

*"Pinguicula macrophylla"
*"Pinguicula oblongiloba"
*"Pinguicula stolonifera"
*"Pinguicula colimensis"
*"Pinguicula cyclosecta"
*"Pinguicula mesophytica"
*"Pinguicula moranensis"
*"Pinguicula orchidioides" (Synonym "P. stolonifera")
*"Pinguicula potosiensis"
*"Pinguicula rectifolia"
*"Pinguicula zecheri"
*"Pinguicula gypsicola"
*"Pinguicula moctezumae"
*"Pinguicula elizabethiae"

Section "Orchidioides"

*"Pinguicula laxifolia"

Section "Pinguicula"

*"Pinguicula balcanica"
**"Pinguicula balcanica" var. "tenuilaciniata"
*"Pinguicula corsica"
*"Pinguicula poldinii"
*"Pinguicula grandiflora"
**"Pinguicula grandiflora" ssp. "rosea"
*"Pinguicula leptoceras"
*"Pinguicula longifolia"
**"Pinguicula longifolia ssp. causensis"
**"Pinguicula longifolia ssp. dertosensis"
**"Pinguicula longifolia ssp. reichenbachiana"
*"Pinguicula macroceras": California Butterwort
**"Pinguicula macroceras" var. "macroceras"
**"Pinguicula macroceras" ssp. "nortensis"
*"Pinguicula mundi"
*"Pinguicula nevadensis"
*"Pinguicula vallisneriifolia"
*"Pinguicula vulgaris": Common Butterwort

Subgenus "Temnoceras"

Section "Ampullipalatum"

*"Pinguicula antarctica"
*"Pinguicula calyptrata"
*"Pinguicula chilensis"
*"Pinguicula involuta"
*"Pinguicula elongata"

Section "Micranthus"

*"Pinguicula algida"
*"Pinguicula alpina" : Alpine Butterwort
*"Pinguicula ramosa"
*"Pinguicula variegata"

Section "Temnoceras"

*"Pinguicula clivorum"
*"Pinguicula crenatiloba"
*"Pinguicula emarginata"
*"Pinguicula gracilis"
*"Pinguicula immaculata"

"Incertae sedis"

*"Pinguicula chuquisacensis"

References, external links, and further reading

See the main "Pinguicula" article

* Casper, S. J.: Monographie der Gattung Pinguicula, (Bibliotheca Botanica, Heft 127/128), 1966, Stuttgart
* Cieslak, Thomas; Polepalli, Jai Santosh; White, Adam; Müller, Kai; Borsch, Thomas; Barthlott, Wilhelm; Steiger, Juerg; Marchant, Adam; Legendre, Laurent: "Phylogenetic analysis of "'Pinguicula" (Lentibulariaceae): chloroplast DNA sequences and morphology support several geographically distinct radiations", 2005, Am. J. Bot. 92: 1723 - 1736 [http://www.amjbot.org/cgi/content/abstract/92/10/1723 Abstract]
* Schlauer, Jan: [http://www.omnisterra.com/bot/cp_home.cgi Carnivorous Plant Database] , version Nov. 15, 16:25.