- Mathematical puzzle
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Mathematical puzzles make up an integral part of recreational mathematics. They have specific rules as do multiplayer games, but they do not usually involve competition between two or more players. Instead, to solve such a puzzle, the solver must find a solution that satisfies the given conditions. Mathematical puzzles require mathematics to solve them. Logic puzzles are a common type of mathematical puzzle.
Conway's Game of Life and fractals, as two examples, may also be considered mathematical puzzles even though the solver interacts with them only at the beginning by providing a set of initial conditions. After these conditions are set, the rules of the puzzle determine all subsequent changes and moves. Many of the puzzles are well known because they were discussed by Martin Gardner in his "Mathematical Games" column in Scientific American.
Contents
List of mathematical puzzles
The following categories are not disjoint; some puzzles fall into more than one category.
Numbers, arithmetic, and algebra
- Cross-figures or Cross number Puzzle
- Dyson numbers
- Four fours
- Feynman Long Division Puzzles
- Pirate loot problem
- Verbal arithmetics
Combinatorial
- Cryptograms
- Fifteen Puzzle
- Kakuro
- Rubik's Cube and other sequential movement puzzles
- Str8ts a number puzzle based on sequences
- Sudoku
- Think-a-Dot
- Tower of Hanoi
Analytical or differential
- See also: Zeno's paradoxes
Probability
Tiling, packing, and dissection
- Bedlam cube
- Conway puzzle
- Mutilated chessboard problem
- Packing problem
- Pentominoes tiling
- Slothouber–Graatsma puzzle
- Soma cube
- T puzzle
- Tangram
Involves a board
Chessboard tasks
Topology, knots, graph theory
The fields of knot theory and topology, especially their non-intuitive conclusions, are often seen as a part of recreational mathematics.
Mechanical
Main article: Mechanical puzzle0-player puzzles
- Conway's Game of Life
- Flexagon
- Polyominoes
External links
Categories:- Recreational mathematics
- Puzzles
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