Maria Kaczyńska

Maria Helena Kaczyńska
First Lady of Poland
In office December 23, 2005 – April 10, 2010
President	Lech Kaczyński
Preceded by	Jolanta Kwaśniewska
Succeeded by	Anna Komorowska
Personal details
Born	Maria Helena Mackiewicz 21 August 1942(1942-08-21) Machowo
Died	10 April 2010(2010-04-10) (aged 67) Smolensk, Russia
Nationality	Polish
Spouse(s)	Lech Kaczyński
Relations	Lidia Piszczako (mother) Czesław Mackiewicz (father)
Children	Marta Dubieniecka
Residence	Presidential Palace, Warsaw (official)
Alma mater	University of Gdańsk (M.S.)
Profession	Economist
Religion	Roman Catholicism

Maria Kaczyńska (Polish pronunciation: [ˈmarja kaˈt͡ʂɨɲska]; born Mackiewicz; 21 August 1942^[a] – 10 April 2010^[1]) was the First Lady of Poland from 2005-10 as the wife of Lech Kaczyński, late President of Poland.^[2][3]

Early and personal life

Born as Maria Helena Mackiewicz in Machowo (near Kobylnik, now Belarus)^[4][5] to Lidia and Czesław Mackiewicz.^[6] Her father fought in the Vilnius Armia Krajowa (Home Army), while an uncle fought in the Polish II Corps of Gen. Władysław Anders at the Battle of Monte Cassino; another uncle was murdered by the NKVD (Soviet secret police)^[7] at Katyń.^[6]

Maria Kaczyńska attended primary and secondary schools in Rabka Zdrój in southern Poland. She studied transport economics and foreign trade in Sopot at what is now the University of Gdańsk.^[6] After graduating in 1966, she worked at the Maritime Institute in Gdańsk, where she met Lech Kaczyński in 1976. They married in 1978,^[6] and had a daughter.^[6] In addition to her native Polish, Maria Kaczyńska spoke English, French, and some Spanish and Russian.^[6]

Death

The fuselage of the aircraft involved in the 2010 Polish Air Force Tu-154 crash

Main articles: 2010 Polish Air Force Tu-154 crash and Death and state funeral of Lech Kaczyński and Maria Kaczyńska

On 10 April 2010, 10:56 MSD (06:56 UTC), Maria Kaczyńska, and her husband, Polish President Lech Kaczyński, died when the Polish Air Force Tupolev Tu-154M they were aboard crashed while attempting to land at Smolensk-North Airport in the Russian city of Smolensk. All 89 passengers on board and the 7 crew members were killed.^[8]

The Kaczyńskis were traveling with several senior government figures on a trip to mark the 70th anniversary of the World War II Katyn Massacre, where thousands of Polish military officers were executed by the NKVD.^[9]

She was laid to rest alongside her husband on 18 April 2010 in the honorable royal crypt at the Wawel Cathedral.^[10]

Her diary was found by her daughter after her death, sparking an interest among many publishers who desired to buy it and release it. However, Marta Kaczyńska-Dubieniecka stated the diary was too precious for her to sell and also said that she was not likely to reveal its content.^[11]

Honours and awards

Grand Cross of the Order of Polonia Restituta (16 April 2010, posthumously)

Grand Cross of the Order of Vytautas the Great (April 15, 2009, Lithuania)

Xirka Ġieħ ir-Repubblika (26 January 2009, Malta)

Grand Cross of the Order of Prince Henry (1 September 2008, Portugal)

Dame Grand Cross of the Order pro merito Melitensi (14 May 2007)

Notes

^a According to list of passports of the Tu-154 flight.^[12][13] Some media gives her date of birth as 21 August 1943.^[14][15]

References

1. ^ "Polish President Lech Kaczynski dies in plane crash". BBC. 10 April 2010. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/8612825.stm. Retrieved 10 April 2010. 
2. ^ "Maria Kaczyńska" (in Polish). Wirtualna Polska. 2010-04-10. http://www.kobieta.wp.pl/gid,12159340,img,12159509,kat,26405,galeriazdjecie.html. Retrieved 2010-04-10. 
3. ^ "Maria Kaczyńska" (in Polish). Gazeta.pl. Polish Press Agency. 2010-04-10. http://wyborcza.pl/1,91446,7754604,Maria_Kaczynska.html. Retrieved 2010-04-10. 
4. ^ "Zostanę sobą" (in Polish). styl.pl (by Iza Komendołowicz). 2009. http://www.styl.pl/magazyn/w-swiecie-kobiet/news-zostane-soba,nId,64424. Retrieved 2010-04-17. 
5. ^ "Official site of The First Lady" (in Polish). 2005. http://www.prezydent.pl/para-prezydencka/pierwsza-dama/biografia/. Retrieved 2010-04-17. ^{[dead link]}
6. ^ ^{a b c d e f} "Official Biography: Maria Kaczyńska". Republic of Poland. 2010-04-10. http://www.president.pl/en/first-lady/biography/. Retrieved 10 April 2010. ^{[dead link]}
7. ^ Fischer, Benjamin B., "The Katyn Controversy: Stalin's Killing Field". "Studies in Intelligence", Winter 1999–2000. Retrieved on 10 December 2005.
8. ^ "Polish President, 95 Others Killed in Plane Crash ", VOA News, 10 April 2010, Retrieved 10 April 2010.
9. ^ "Polish president killed in plane crash". CNN. 10 April 2010. http://edition.cnn.com/2010/WORLD/europe/04/10/poland.president.plane.crash/index.html?hpt=T1. Retrieved 10 April 2010. 
10. ^ "Presidential resting place". Polskie Radio. 16 April 2010. http://www.thenews.pl/national/artykul129715_visualisation-of-presidents-tomb.html. Retrieved 2010-04-19. 
11. ^ http://www.plotek.pl/plotek/1,78649,8216009,Sekrety_pamietnikow_Marii_Kaczynskiej.html
12. ^ "Список погибших при авиакатастрофе Ту-154" (in Russian). L!FE NEWS. 2010-04-10. http://lifenews.ru/news/20291. Retrieved 2010-04-10. 
13. ^ "Список погибших в авиакатастрофе Ту-154 в Смоленской области" (in Russian). Ministry of Emergency Situations. 2010-04-10. http://www.mchs.gov.ru/emergency/detail.php?ID=31710. Retrieved 2010-04-11. 
14. ^ "Maria Kaczyńska (1943 - 2010)" (in Polish). Wirtualna Polska. 2010-04-10. http://www.kobieta.wp.pl/gid,12159340,img,12159509,kat,26405,galeriazdjecie.html. Retrieved 2010-04-10. 
15. ^ "Maria Kaczyńska" (in Polish). Gazeta.pl. Polish Press Agency. 2010-04-10. http://wyborcza.pl/1,91446,7754604,Maria_Kaczynska.html. Retrieved 2010-04-10. 

External links

• Polish First Lady's official website
• Maria Kaczyńska official biography (in English)

Honorary titles
Preceded by Jolanta Kwaśniewska	First Lady of Poland 2005–2010	Succeeded by Anna Komorowska

Persondata
Name	Kaczynska, Maria
Alternative names
Short description
Date of birth	1942-08-21
Place of birth	Machowo
Date of death	2010-04-10
Place of death	Smolensk, Russia